W O R K E R S O F A L L C O U N T R I E S , U N I T E! L E N I N cOLLEcTED WORKS 7 A THE RUSSIAN EDITION WAS PRINTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH A DECISION OF THE NINTH CONGRESS OF THE R.C.P.(B.) AND THE SECOND CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF THE U.S.S.R. ИНCTИTУT МАРÇCИзМА — ЛЕНИНИзМА пpи ЦK KНCC B. n. l d H n H С О Ч И Н E Н И Я И з д a н u е ч е m в е p m o e ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ M О С К В А V. I. L E N I N cOLLEcTED WORKS VOLUME 7 September 1903–December 1904 PROGRESS PUBLISHERS MOSCOW TRANSLATED BY THE LATE ABRAHAM FINEBERG AND BY NAOMI JOCHEL EDITED BY CLEMENS DUTT From Marx to Mao M L © Digital Reprints 2009 www.marx2mao.com First printing 1961 Second printing 1965 Third printing 1974 Fourth printing 1977 Printed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 10102–203 l ÇÜà èÇõÄÉå. 014(01)–77 CONTENTS Preface ........................ 13 1 9 0 3 ACCOUNT OF THE SECOND CONGRESS OF THE R. S.D. L.P. 15 FOILED!........................ 35 PLAN OF LETTERS ON TASKS OF THE REVOLUTIONARY YOUTH ........................ 41 THE TASKS OF THE REVOLUTIONARY YOUTH. First Letter .. 43 SECOND PARTY CONGRESS. Plan of Article ......... 57 MAXIMUM BRAZENNESS AND MINIMUM LOGIC ....... 59 DRAFT OF A LETTER FROM THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE AND THE EDITORIAL BOARD OF THE CENTRAL ORGAN TO THE MEMBERS OF THE OPPOSITION .............. 66 SECOND CONGRESS OF THE LEAGUE OF RUSSIAN REVOLU- TIONARY SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY ABROAD, October 13-18 (26-31), 1903 ......................... 69 1. PREFATORY REMARKS TO THE REPORT ON THE SECOND CONGRESS OF THE R.S.D.L.P., OCTO- BER 13 (26) .................. 71 I .................... 71 II .................... 71 III .................... 72 IV .................... 72 2. REPORT ON THE SECOND CONGRESS OF THE R.S.D.L.P., OCTOBER 14 (27) ........... 73 3. STATEMENT CONCERNING MARTOV’S REPORT, OCTOBER 15 (28)................ 84 4. SPEECH ON THE RULES OF THE LEAGUE, OCTO- BER 17 (30) .................. 85 AN UNSUBMITTED STATEMENT .............. 86 8 CONTENTS STATEMENT OF RESIGNATION FROM THE PARTY COUNCIL AND FROM THE EDITORIAL BOARD OF THE CENTRAL ORGAN 91 THE POSITION OF THE BUND IN THE PARTY ........ 92 THE NARODNIK-LIKE BOURGEOISIE AND DISTRAUGHT NARODISM 103 TO THE EDITORIAL BOARD OF THE CENTRAL ORGAN OF THE R.S.D.L.P. ...................... 112 AN UNISSUED STATEMENT ................ 113 LETTER TO ISKRA .................. 114 WHY I RESIGNED FROM THE ISKRA EDITORIAL BOARD. A Letter to the Editors of “Iskra” .............. 118 LETTER FROM THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P. TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE LEAGUE ABROAD, THE PARTY AID GROUPS, AND TO ALL PARTY MEMBERS ABROAD 125 NOTE ON THE POSITIONFROM OF THE MARXNEW ISKRA ....... 129 1 9 0 4 PREFACE TO THE PAMPHLETTO A MAOLETTER TO A COMRADE ON OUR ORGANISATIONAL TASKS .............. 131 POSTSCRIPT TO THE PAMPHLET A LETTER TO A COMRADE ON OUR ORGANISATIONAL TASKS ............ 133 TO THE PARTY MEMBERSHIP .............. 139 SESSION OF THE COUNCIL OF THE R.S.D.L.P., January 15-17 (28-30), 1904 ..................... 143 1. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON MEASURES TO RESTORE PEACE IN THE PARTY, MOVED ON JANUARY 15 (28) 145 2. DISSENTING NOT OPINION REC FORORDED BY THE REPRE- SENTATIVES OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE, JANUARYCOMMERCIAL 17 (30) ................ 148 3. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON CONVENING THE THIRD PARTY CONGRESS, JANUARY 17 (30) ........ 152 4. DRAFTDISTRIBUTION RESOLUTIONS MOVED ON JANUARY 17 (30) 153 I .................... 153 II .................... 153 III .................... 153 5. SPEECHES ON MEASURES TO RESTORE PEACE IN THE PARTY, JANUARY 15 (28) ........ 154 I .................... 154 II .................... 155 III .................... 157 IV .................... 158 V .................... 161 CONTENTS 9 6. SPEECHES ON MEASURES TO RESTORE PEACE IN THE PARTY, JANUARY 16 (29) ......... 164 VI .................... 164 VII .................... 168 VIII .................... 171 IX .................... 175 7. SPEECHES ON CONVENING THE THIRD PARTY CONGRESS, JANUARY 17 (30) ......... 177 I .................... 177 II .................... 177 III .................... 178 8. SPEECHES ON THE PUBLICATION OF PARTY LIT- ERATURE, JANUARY 17 (30) ........... 179 I .................... 179 II .................... 182 III .................... 184 IV .................... 185 TO THE PARTY .................... 186 CIRCUMSTANCES OF RESIGNATION FROM THE ISKRA EDI- TORIAL BOARD .................... 191 MAY DAY ....................... 197 ONE STEP FORWARD, TWO STEPS BACK (The Crisis in Our Party) 201 Preface ..................... 203 A. The Preparations for the Congress ........ 207 B. Significance of the Various Groupings at the Congress 209 C. Beginning of the Congress. The Organising Com- mittee Incident ................ 212 D. Dissolution of the Yuzhny Rabochy Group ..... 221 E. The Equality of Languages Incident ....... 224 F. The Agrarian Programme............. 231 G. The Party Rules. Comrade Martov’s Draft ..... 239 H. Discussion on Centralism Prior to the Split Among the Iskra-ists ................. 248 I. Paragraph One of the Rules ........... 253 J. Innocent Victims of a False Accusation of Oppor- tunism .................... 276 K. Continuation of the Debate on the Rules. Compo- sition of the Council .............. 286 L. Conclusion of the Debate on the Rules. Co-optation to the Central Bodies. Withdrawal of the Rabocheye Dyelo Delegates ................ 292 10 CONTENTS M. The Elections. End of the Congress ........ 306 N. General Picture of the Struggle at the Congress. The Revolutionary and Opportunist Wings of the Party .................... 332 O. After the Congress. Two Methods of Struggle ..... 347 P. Little Annoyances Should Not Stand in the Way of a Big Pleasure ............... 366 Q. The New Iskra. Opportunism in Questions of Orga- nisation.................... 377 R. A Few Words on Dialectics. Two Revolutions ..... 407 Appendix. The Incident of Comrade Gusev and Comrade Deutsch ................... 414 LETTER TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE 424 STATEMENT BY THREE MEMBERS OF THE CENTRAL COM- MITTEE ........................ 428 TO THE PARTY .................... 430 SESSION OF THE COUNCIL OF THE R.S.D.L.P., May 31 (June 13) and June 5 (18), 1904 .................. 433 1. SPEECHES CONCERNING AN INTER-PARTY CON- FERENCE, MAY 31 (JUNE 13) ........... 435 I .................... 435 II .................... 437 2. SPEECHES ON CO-OPTATION TO THE COMMITTEES AND THE RIGHT OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE TO APPOINT NEW MEMBERS TO THEM, JUNE 5 (18) 438 I .................... 438 II .................... 439 III .................... 440 3. SPEECH ON THE NEWSPAPER RASSVET, JUNE 5 (18) 442 WHAT WE ARE WORKING FOR (To the Party) ......... 443 TO THE PARTY ..................... 452 TO FIVE MEMBERS OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE. For Russia 460 LETTER TO CENTRAL COMMITTEE AGENTS AND COMMITTEE MEMBERS OF THE R.S.D.L.P. SIDING WITH THE SECOND PARTY CONGRESS MAJORITY ............... 462 LETTER TO GLEBOV (V. A. NOSKOV) ............ 464 ONE STEP FORWARD, TWO STEPS BACK. Reply by N. Lenin to Rosa Luxemburg .................... 472 AN OBLIGING LIBERAL................ 484 PREFACE TO N. SHAKHOV’S PAMPHLET THE FIGHT FOR A CONGRESS ................. .. 488 CONTENTS 11 ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE FORMATION OF A BUREAU OF MA- JORITY COMMITTEES. Draft ................ 489 THE ZEMSTVO CAMPAIGN AND ISKRA’S PLAN ....... 495 I ...................... 499 II ...................... 502 III ...................... 507 IV ...................... 513 OUTLINE OF A TALK ON THE SITUATION WITHIN THE PARTY. Outline of My Talk ................... 519 A LETTER TO THE COMRADES (With Reference to the Forth- coming Publication of the Organ of the Party Majority) .... 521 STATEMENT AND DOCUMENTS ON THE BREAK OF THE CEN- TRAL INSTITUTIONS WITH THE PARTY ........... 527 Appendix .................... 534 ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE FORMATION OF AN ORGANISING COMMITTEE AND THE CONVENING OF THE THIRD REGULAR CONGRESS OF THE RUSSIAN SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC LABOUR PARTY ........................ 538 Notes ........................ 541 The Life and Work of V. I. Lenin. Chronology ....... 575 I L L U S T R A T I O N S First page of the manuscript of Lenin’s “Account of the Second Congress of the R.S.D.L.P.”. 1903 ............ 17 First page of the manuscript of the “Dissenting Opinion Record- ed by the Representatives of the Central Committee in the Party Council”. January 17 (30), 1904........... 149 Cover of the original edition of One Step Forward, Two Steps Back. 1904 .....................200-201 Page 71 of the manuscript of One Step Forward, Two Steps Back. 1904 ...................... 251 First page of the manuscript of Lenin’s “Announcement of the Formation of a Bureau of Majority Committees”. 1904 .... 491 Manuscript of the “Outline of a Talk on the Situation Within the Party”. 1904 .................... 517 13 PREFACE This seventh volume of Lenin’s works covers the period from September 1903 to December 1904. The major item in it is his book, One Step Forward, Two Steps Back, which elaborated the organisational principles of the Bolshevik Party. Many of the works in the present volume—the “Account of the Second Congress of the R.S.D.L.P.”, the article “One Step Forward, Two Steps Back. Reply by N. Lenin to Rosa Luxemburg”, the speeches at the Congress of the League of Russian Revolutionary Social-Democracy Abroad and the sessions of the Party Council, and the resolutions moved there, the draft appeal “To the Party”, and the pamphlet “The Zemstvo Campaign and Iskra’s Plan”—are directed against the Mensheviks’ opportunism in organisational and tactical questions