Upgrading of Nadapal to Juba Road SA Report Public Disclosure Authorized SOUTH SUDAN-EASTERN AFRICA REGIONAL TRANSPORT, TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT FACILITATION PROGRAM (SS-EARTTDFP) UPGRADING OF THE JUBA – NADAPAL ROAD Public Disclosure Authorized SOCIAL ASSESSMENT REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized NOVEMBER 2013 i Upgrading of Nadapal to Juba Road SA Report Table of Contents Table of Contents............................................................................................................................................. ii Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................ vi 1.0 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................ 3 1.1 Background and Context .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Importance of the Program ..................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Detailed Description of the Program ....................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Activities Associated With the Project ..................................................................................................... 9 1.5 Proposed Road Upgrading Project ........................................................................................................... 9 1.6 Public Participation ................................................................................................................................ 10 1.7 Socio-Economic and Public Awareness Survey ...................................................................................... 11 1.8 Public Hearings and Consultative Meetings ........................................................................................... 11 2.0 INSTITUTION, POLICY AND LEGAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................. 13 2.1 Customary Laws on Land Acquisition .................................................................................................... 13 2.2 The constitution of Southern Sudan ...................................................................................................... 13 2.3 The Interim National Constitution of Southern Sudan (ICSS) ................................................................ 14 2.4 The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) ........................................................................................ 14 2.5 The Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011 (TCRSS) ....................................... 15 2.6 Environment Policy (2010) ..................................................................................................................... 15 2.7 Draft Environment Protection Bill (2010) .............................................................................................. 16 2.8 Land Act 2009 ........................................................................................................................................ 16 2.9 Wildlife Conservation and National Parks Act, 2003 ............................................................................. 18 2.10 The Forestry Commission Act, 2003 .................................................................................................... 19 2.11 The Wildlife Forces Act, 2003 .............................................................................................................. 20 2.12 Wildlife Conservation and Protected Areas Bill, 2010 ......................................................................... 20 2.13 Draft Forestry Policy ............................................................................................................................ 20 2.14 The Forestry Commission Act of 2003 ................................................................................................. 20 2.15 The Mines and Quarries Act 1972 ........................................................................................................ 20 2.16 Traffic Act ............................................................................................................................................. 21 2.17 International Conventions and Treaties .............................................................................................. 22 2.18 Institutional Arrangements .................................................................................................................. 23 3.0 PROJECT SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE CONDITIONS ................................................................................ 25 3.1 Population and Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................................ 25 3.2 Historic and Cultural Resources ............................................................................................................. 25 3.3 Socio Economic Baseline Results and Discussions ................................................................................. 29 3.4 Demographic Profile and of Population Distribution of Project-Affected Peoples in the Road Corridor ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.5 Social Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................... 31 3.6 Economic Environment .......................................................................................................................... 33 3.7 Income Distribution of the Respondents ............................................................................................... 34 3.8 Agro-Ecological Zonation within South Sudan ....................................................................................... 35 4.0 GENERAL CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................. 44 5.0 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ............................................................................................................................ 45 ii Upgrading of Nadapal to Juba Road SA Report 5.1 Public Consultations ............................................................................................................................... 46 5.2 Objectives of Public Consultation .......................................................................................................... 46 5.3 The Stakeholders.................................................................................................................................... 47 5.4 Public Participation Process ................................................................................................................... 48 5.5 Summary of potential harms of the project to local communities ........................................................ 52 5.6 Information Disclosure ........................................................................................................................... 55 6.0 COMMUNITY CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION IN THE PROJECT ...................................................... 56 6.1 Participation of Women in the Project .................................................................................................. 57 7.0 GRIEVANCE AND REDRESS ....................................................................................................................... 58 8.0 SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ....................................................................................... 59 9.0 LESSONS LEARNED ................................................................................................................................... 63 10.0 POTENTIAL IMPLEMENTATION RISKS AND CHALLENGES ........................................................................ 64 11.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION ............................................................................................... 65 iii Upgrading of Nadapal to Juba Road SA Report ACRONYMS AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome BRC Boma Resettlement Committee CBOs Community Based Organizations CPA Comprehensive Peace Agreement CRC County Resettlement Committee EIA Environmental Impact Assessment FID Final Investment Decision GRSS Government of the Republic of South Sudan GoS Government of Sudan GDP Gross Domestic Product HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus ICSS Interim Constitution of Southern Sudan INC Interim National Constitution LCFs Local Consultative Forums MTRB Ministry of Transport, Roads and Bridges M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MDTF Multi Donor Trust Fund NI National Income NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations OP Operational Policy PRC Payam Resettlement Committee PAC Project Affected Communities PAH Project Affected Household PAPs Project Affected Persons PRIC Project Resettlement In-Charge iv Upgrading of Nadapal to Juba Road SA Report PRO Project Resettlement Office RPs Resettled Persons RAP Resettlement Action Plan RIBs Resettlement Information Brochures ROW Right of Way SA Social Impact Assessment SPLM Sudan’s People Liberation Movement SSDP South Sudanese Pound TORs Terms of References USD United States