THESIS ADVISER RECOMMENDATION LETTER This thesis entitled “THE IMPLEMENTATION OF U.S. FOREIGN AID ON CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION IN CAMBODIA DURING OBAMA’S ADMINISTRATION (2003-2013)” prepared and submitted by Morison Maukar in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in the Faculty of International Relations, Communication and Law has been reviewed and found to have satisfied the requirements for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense Cikarang, Indonesia, 22 May 2017 Recommended and Acknowledged by, Drs. Teuku Rezasyah, M.A, Ph.D. i APPROVAL SHEET The Panel of Examiners declare that the thesis entitled “The Implementation of U.S. Foreign Aid on Cultural Heritage Preservation in Cambodia During Obama’s Administration (2003-2013)” that was submitted by Morison Maukar majoring in International Relations from the Faculty of International Relations, Communication, and Law was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on 31 May 2017. Dr. Endi Haryono Chair – Panel of Examiners Witri Elvianti, S.IP., M.A Examiner Drs. Teuku Rezasyah, M.A, Ph.D. Thesis Adviser ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis, entitled “THE IMPLEMENTATION OF U.S. FOREIGN AID ON CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION IN CAMBODIA DURING OBAMA’S ADMINISTRATION (2003-2013)” is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, Indonesia , 22 May 2017 Morison Maukar iii ABSTRACT Title: The Implementation of U.S. Foreign Aid on Cultural Heritage Preservation in Cambodia During Obama’s Administration (2003-2013) The issue of cultural heritage looting, and international trade of arts and antiquities are inevitable to be tackled down as the global priority concern. The necessity of every developing country to maintain its cultural heritage has brought a concept of cultural diplomacy where economy, environment, and social aspects could evolve harmoniously. U.S. Government has brought Foreign Aid concept from developed to developing countries. In Cambodia, U.S. Government works with Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts which is expected able to implement its project align with cultural diplomacy vision of both countries particularly in preservation of cultural heritage. This study is to analyze the strategic implementation of U.S. Government program in Cambodia. Began with the cooperation background which explaining international relations concept, the study carries the scenario how did U.S. Government could preserve the cultural heritage in Cambodia. Deriving from foreign aid concept of international relations, the study specifically holds the analysis based on the legal agreement, policies in this cooperation and provides the correlation to what U.S. Government has implemented. The study takes from 2003 until 2013 as the timeframe, when there are several bilateral negotiations held and influence the cooperation progress. Thus, this research is descriptive and analytical research which applies qualitative approach through study from some bilateral U.S.-Cambodia development agreements, and other documents from U.S. Government and Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts. Keywords: U.S. Government, international cooperation, foreign aid, preservation of cultural heritage iv ABSTRAK Title: Implementasi Bantuan Luar Negeri A.S. untuk Pelestarian Warisan Budaya di Kamboja Selama Pemerintahan Obama (2003-2013) Isu penjarahan warisan budaya, dan perdagangan seni dan barang antik internasional tak terelakkan untuk ditangani sebagai perhatian prioritas global. Perlunya setiap negara maju untuk mempertahankan warisan budayanya telah membawa konsep diplomasi budaya di mana aspek ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial dapat berkembang secara harmonis. Pemerintah A.S. telah membawa konsep Bantuan Luar Negeri dari negara maju ke negara berkembang. Di Kamboja, Pemerintah A.S. bekerja sama dengan Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Seni Rupa yang diharapkan mampu melaksanakan proyeknya selaras dengan visi diplomasi budaya kedua negara khususnya dalam pelestarian warisan budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi strategis program Pemerintah A.S. di Kamboja. Dimulai dengan latar belakang kerjasama yang menjelaskan konsep hubungan internasional, penelitian ini mengusung skenario bagaimana Pemerintah A.S. dapat melestarikan warisan budaya di Kamboja. Berasal dari konsep hubungan luar negeri hubungan internasional, penelitian ini secara khusus memegang analisis berdasarkan kesepakatan hukum, kebijakan dalam kerja sama ini dan memberikan korelasi dengan apa yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Pemerintah A.S. Studi ini mengambil dari tahun 2003 sampai 2013 sebagai kerangka waktu, ketika ada beberapa negosiasi bilateral yang diadakan dan mempengaruhi kemajuan kerja sama. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dan analitik yang menerapkan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi dari beberapa perjanjian pembangunan bilateral A.S.- Kamboja, dan dokumen lainnya dari Pemerintah A.S. dan Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Seni Rupa. Keywords: Pemerintahan A.S., kerjasama internasional, bantuan luar negeri, pelestarian warisan budaya v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT All praise to be Jesus Christ the God Almighty for all grace and guidance, the Lord of the universe who always give the strength beyond my expectation to keep me healthy during the whole process in completing this thesis. The successful of writing this thesis cannot be separated from help, support, input, and contribution from a lot of people. Therefore the writer would like to express gratitude for: 1. My beloved family, My father Audie Maukar and Mother, Rozeline Laurine Mokalu who always support spiritually and financially for whatever my decision is. My brother, Morino Maukar, Moriko Maukar and my sisters Magie Moretha Maukar, Maesa Maukar for all prayers and also supports all the time. Thank you for I am nothing without my family. 2. Mr. Teuku Rezasyah as my thesis adviser who always keep me on the track with input and advices in finishing this thesis. Thank also to Ms. Witri as my second adviser who also gave me input and advices in finishing this thesis. 3. Mr. Hendra Manurung as the Head of International Relations as well as my teacher inside and outside classroom who guide me through the academic regulations and always encourage me. Thank also to Prof. Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, Ph.D, International Relations lecturer who always be humble and reachable for me to ask question. 4. Inggita Dellapranaya who always encourage me during my thesis writing process, support me for whatever my decision is. Thank you for all of the input and advices. 5. My best friends during thesis writing process, Kevin Togu, Jessicha Juliandari, Vania Jasmine. Thank you for support me spiritually and give me input and advices, especially always remind me how great and helpful is our God. vi 6. Comrade in arms, especially Rian Giri, Krisna Bayu Setiawan, Axel Timothy, Rahmat Anugerah, Marten Oswald, Aditya Iswarabhawa, Dimas, Naomi Kambuaya, Adrin Vitadini,. Thank you for accompany me through ups and downs. Thank you for always there when I need an advices. 7. My beloved seniors, especially Pandu Wirawan and Iga Puspita Sari for the guidance, input, and advices in my thesis writing process. Thank also to Fernandez for accompany me during my thesis writing process. 8. My beloved second family BELILAS for always be my friends where we share about everything in the difficulties and joyful time. Finally, my thanks also goes to everyone who have contributed in thesis writing process whose name could not be mentioned one by one. The writer realizes that this writing far from perfect. Therefore I am expecting criticism and suggestions that could be useful for the improvement of this work. Cikarang, 22 May 2017 Morison Maukar vii TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS ADVISER RECOMMENDATION LETTER ........................................... i APPROVAL SHEET .................................................................................................. ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY .................................................................... iii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ iv ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... xi DEFINITION OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................. xii CHAPTER I ................................................................................................................. 1 I.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................ 1 I.2 Identification of the Problem .......................................................................... 4 I.3 Statement of the Problem ............................................................................... 5 I.4 Research Objective ........................................................................................