Front cover Managing Ever-Increasing Amounts of Data with IBM DB2 for z/OS Using Temporal Data Management, Archive Transparency, and the DB2 Analytics Accelerator Mehmet Cuneyt Goksu Claire McFeely Craig McKellar Xiao Hui Wang Redbooks International Technical Support Organization Managing Ever-Increasing Amounts of Data with IBM DB2 for z/OS September 2015 SG24-8316-00 Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page vii. First Edition (September 2015) This edition applies to DB2 11 for z/OS and DB2 10 for z/OS. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2015. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Notices . vii Trademarks . viii IBM Redbooks promotions . ix Preface . xi Authors. xii Now you can become a published author, too! . xiv Comments welcome. xiv Stay connected to IBM Redbooks . xiv Part 1. Temporal data management . 1 Chapter 1. Temporal data management overview . 3 1.1 Overview . 4 1.1.1 Periods . 5 1.1.2 System-period temporal tables . 6 1.1.3 Application-period temporal tables . 9 1.1.4 Bitemporal tables . 11 1.1.5 Choosing the right type of temporal table . 11 Chapter 2. System-period temporal tables . 13 2.1 Overview . 14 2.2 Relationship of a system-period temporal table to the associated history table . 14 2.3 Moving from traditional to system-period temporal tables. 16 2.3.1 Creating new tables . 16 2.3.2 The history table and version enabling . 17 2.3.3 Enabling versioning for an existing non-temporal table . 18 2.3.4 Querying a system-period temporal table . 20 2.3.5 Enabling versioning for an application managed temporal table. 21 2.3.6 Other scenarios for migrating to system-period temporal tables. 26 2.4 The who, what, and how of my row (audit columns) . 26 2.4.1 Additional considerations for audit information and delete operations . 27 2.4.2 The “who”, “what”, and “how” in action . 27 2.5 Querying a system-period temporal table . 29 2.5.1 System-period temporal table query examples. 31 2.6 General restrictions with system-period data versioning . 37 2.7 Utilities. 37 2.7.1 LISTDEF . 37 2.7.2 UNLOAD . 38 2.7.3 LOAD . 38 2.8 Recovery . 39 Chapter 3. Application-period temporal tables . 41 3.1 Overview and benefits. 42 3.2 Using application-period temporal tables . 42 3.2.1 New concept of a BUSINESS_TIME period . 42 3.2.2 Defining a BUSINESS_TIME period . 43 3.2.3 Extensions to primary keys, unique constraints, and unique indexes. 44 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2015. All rights reserved. iii 3.2.4 Temporal UPDATE and DELETE rules. 45 3.2.5 Queries for application-period temporal tables . 49 3.2.6 BUSINESS_TIME period restrictions . 50 3.2.7 Utilities . 50 3.3 Case study: an application-period table in action . 50 3.3.1 Create an application-period temporal table . 50 3.3.2 Step-by-step usage scenarios . 51 Chapter 4. Bitemporal tables . 57 4.1 Overview . 58 4.2 Where application-period meets system-period temporal. 58 4.2.1 Using bitemporal tables in data manipulation statements. 59 4.3 Extending an application-period temporal table to become a bitemporal table . 60 4.4 Bitemporal tables in action . 61 4.4.1 Create a bitemporal table . 61 4.4.2 Step-by-step usage scenarios . 63 4.4.3 Bitemporal queries . 71 Chapter 5. Additional considerations . 73 5.1 Temporal support for views. 74 5.1.1 Queries . 74 5.1.2 Data change operations on views. 74 5.1.3 Query of a view using a period specification for SYSTEM_TIME . 75 5.1.4 Query on a view using a period specification for BUSINESS_TIME . 75 5.1.5 Data change operations on temporal views . 76 5.2 Time travel: Temporal special registers . 76 5.2.1 Two temporal special registers . 77 5.2.2 Enabling or disabling the temporal special registers. 77 5.2.3 How temporal registers affect queries. 78 5.2.4 How temporal affects UPDATE and DELETE statements . 79 5.2.5 How temporal special registers affect statements in user-defined functions . 81 5.3 Auditing with temporal tables . 82 5.3.1 Overview and benefit . 82 5.3.2 Using non-deterministic generated expression columns. 83 5.3.3 Detailed explanation of the preceding example . 85 5.4 Performance . 86 5.4.1 CURRENT TEMPORAL SYSTEM_TIME special register . 86 5.4.2 Performance summary on temporal support. 87 Part 2. IBM DB2 archive transparency . 89 Chapter 6. DB2 archive transparency overview ..