Roads and Employment Project Environmental and Social Management Plan Zgharta Caza Final Associated Consulting Engineers 1|P a g e Roads and Employment Project Environmental and Social Management Plan Zgharta Caza TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................2 List of Tables ..........................................................................................................................6 List of Figures .........................................................................................................................7 List of Acronyms ....................................................................................................................8 Executive Summary – Non-Technical Summary .........................................................................9 19 ................................................................................................... ملخص تنفيذي - موجز غير تقني 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 28 1.1 Project Background ............................................................................................... 28 1.2 Project Rationale ................................................................................................... 28 1.3 Report Objectives .................................................................................................. 29 1.4 Methodology ........................................................................................................ 29 2. Existing, Legal, Administrative and Policies Framework ................................................... 31 2.1 National Environmental and Social Legal Framework ................................................. 31 2.2 Institutional .......................................................................................................... 34 2.3 Environmental Standards ....................................................................................... 35 2.3.1 Wastewater Discharge Targets ............................................................................ 35 2.3.2 Air Emissions Targets ......................................................................................... 36 2.3.3 Noise Emissions Targets ..................................................................................... 36 2.4 World Bank Policies ............................................................................................... 37 2.4.1 Public Consultation and Access to Information Policy ............................................ 38 2.4.2 Guidelines and Manuals ..................................................................................... 38 2.5 International Treaties and Conventions ................................................................... 38 2.6 Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines of the World Bank Group ............... 39 2.6.1 Occupational Health and Safety .......................................................................... 39 2.6.2 Community Health and Safety ............................................................................. 39 2.6.3 Wastewater and Ambient Water Quality .............................................................. 39 2.6.4 Air Emissions and Ambient Air Quality ................................................................. 40 2.6.5 Noise Management ........................................................................................... 40 3. Description of the Proposed Project ............................................................................... 42 3.1 Location ............................................................................................................... 42 3.2 Project Activities ................................................................................................... 53 3.2.1 Road Selection .................................................................................................. 53 3.2.2 Rehabilitation Works ......................................................................................... 53 3.3 Materials and Equipment ....................................................................................... 56 3.4 Site Construction Staffing ....................................................................................... 57 3.5 Site Facilities ......................................................................................................... 60 Associated Consulting Engineers 2|P a g e Roads and Employment Project Environmental and Social Management Plan Zgharta Caza 4. Baseline Environmental & Social Conditions ................................................................... 61 4.1 Physical Environment ............................................................................................. 61 4.1.1 Topography ...................................................................................................... 61 4.1.2 Geology ............................................................................................................ 61 4.1.3 Hydrogeology ................................................................................................... 63 4.1.4 Climate and Meteorology ................................................................................... 66 4.1.5 Air Quality and Noise ......................................................................................... 67 4.1.6 Land Use/Land Cover ......................................................................................... 69 4.2 Biological Environment .......................................................................................... 70 4.2.1 Flora ................................................................................................................ 70 4.2.2 Fauna ............................................................................................................... 71 4.2.3 Ecologically Sensitive Areas ................................................................................ 71 4.3 Socio Economic Environment .................................................................................. 74 4.3.1 Demographic Profile .......................................................................................... 74 4.3.2 Economic Activities ............................................................................................ 75 4.3.3 Education Services ............................................................................................. 75 4.3.4 Health Services ................................................................................................. 75 4.3.5 Cultural Heritage ............................................................................................... 76 4.4 Summary of Baseline ............................................................................................. 76 5. Potential Environmental and Social Impacts ................................................................... 79 5.1 Assessment Methodology ...................................................................................... 79 5.2 Potential Positive Impacts during Rehabilitation ....................................................... 79 5.3 Potential Environmental Negative Impacts during Rehabilitation ................................ 79 5.3.1 Water and Soil Quality ....................................................................................... 79 5.3.2 Air Quality, Noise & Light ................................................................................... 81 5.3.3 Use of Natural Resources ................................................................................... 82 5.3.4 Land Cover ....................................................................................................... 83 5.3.5 Biological Environment (Flora and Fauna)............................................................. 83 5.3.6 Visual Intrusion ................................................................................................. 83 5.3.7 Existing Infrastructure ........................................................................................ 83 5.4 Potential Socioeconomic Impacts during Rehabilitation ............................................. 84 5.4.1 Labour Influx ..................................................................................................... 84 5.4.2 Social Tension ................................................................................................... 84 5.4.3 Child Labor ....................................................................................................... 84 5.4.4 Traffic and Accessibility ...................................................................................... 84 5.4.5 Cultural Heritage ............................................................................................... 85 5.4.6 Economic Activities ............................................................................................ 85 5.5 Potential Health and Safety Impacts ........................................................................ 85 5.5.1 Occupational Health and Safety .......................................................................... 85 5.5.2 Community Health and Safety ............................................................................. 86 5.6 Potential Positive Impacts during Operation ............................................................