米埔的鳥類 Mai Po Birds 前言 Foreword 本「米埔鳥類名錄」(包括米埔及內后海灣拉姆薩爾濕地及鄰近濕地地區範圍)共記錄超過 400 個野生鳥類物種(即香港鳥類名錄中類 別 I 之鳥類)，記錄於本名錄 A 部份。當中逾 370 個物種曾在「米埔自然保護區及中心」範圍(圖 1)內錄得，在本名錄以「*」號 表 示。 其他與逃逸或放生的籠鳥相關的米埔鳥類物種，記錄於本名錄 B 部份(即香港鳥類名錄中類別 II 及 III 之鳥類)。 This “Mai Po bird species list” hold over 400 wild bird species (i.e. Category I of the Hong Kong Bird Species List), recorded from the Mai Po and Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site and its vicinity wetland area. They are shown in Section A of this list. Over 370 of these species have been recorded inside the “Mai Po Nature Reserve and Centers” boundary (Fig 1). They are marked with an asterisk (*) in this list. Other Mai Po species for which records are considered likely to relate to birds that have escaped or have been released from captivity are shown in Section B of this list (i.e. Category II and III of the Hong Kong Bird Species List). 圖 1. 米埔自然保護區及中心 Fig. 1 Mai Po Nature Reserve and Centers Credit: Google Earth 2010 1 Last update: May 2020 最後更新日期：2020 年 5 月 A 部份 Section A: 中文名稱 英文名稱 學名 全球保育狀況 1 * Chinese Name English Name Scientific Name Global Conservation Status1 雁鴨科 DUCKS, GEESE AND SWANS Anatidae * 栗樹鴨 Lesser Whistling Duck Dendrocygna javanica * 灰雁 Greylag Goose Anser anser * 寒林豆雁 Taiga Bean Goose Anser fabalis * 凍原豆雁 Tundra Bean Goose Anser serrirostris * 白額雁 Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons * 小白額雁 Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus 易危 VulneraBle * 大天鵝 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus * 翹鼻麻鴨 Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna * 赤麻鴨 Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea * 鴛鴦 Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata * 棉鳧 Cotton Pygmy-Goose Nettapus coromandelianus * 花臉鴨 Baikal Teal Sibirionetta formosa * 白眉鴨 Garganey Spatula querquedula * 琵嘴鴨 Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata * 赤膀鴨 Gadwall Anas strepera * 羅紋鴨 Falcated Duck Anas falcata 近危 Near Threatened * 赤頸鴨 Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope * 棕頸鴨 Philippine Duck Anas luzonica 易危 VulneraBle * 印缅斑嘴鸭 Indian Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha * 中華斑嘴鴨 Chinese Spot-billed Duck Anas zonorhyncha * 綠頭鴨 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos * 針尾鴨 Northern Pintail Anas acuta * 綠翅鴨 Eurasian Teal Anas crecca 綠眉鴨 American Wigeon Mareca americana * 美洲綠翅鴨 Green-winged Teal Anas carolinensis * 赤咀潛鴨 Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina * 紅頭潛鴨 Common Pochard Aythya ferina 易危 VulneraBle * 青頭潛鴨 Baer's Pochard Aythya baeri 極度瀕危 Critically Endangered * 白眼潛鴨 Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca 近危 Near Threatened * 鳳頭潛鴨 Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula * 斑背潛鴨 Greater Scaup Aythya marila 斑臉海番鴨 White-winged Scoter Melanitta deglandi * 黑海番鴨 Black Scoter Melanitta americana 近危 Near Threatened * 鵲鴨 Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula 2 Last update: May 2020 最後更新日期：2020 年 5 月 中文名稱 英文名稱 學名 全球保育狀況 1 * Chinese Name English Name Scientific Name Global Conservation Status1 * 白秋沙鸭 Smew Mergellus albellus * 紅胸秋沙鴨 Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator 雉科 PHEASANTS AND ALLIES Phasianidae 中華鷓鴣 Chinese Francolin Francolinus pintadeanus * 鵪鶉 Japanese Quail Coturnix japonica 近危 Near Threatened 鸌科 SHEARWATERS Procellariidae 白額鸌 Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas 近危 Near Threatened 鸊鷉科 GREBES Podicipidae * 小鸊鷉 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis * 鳳頭鸊鷉 Great Crested GreBe Podiceps cristatus 角鸊鷉 Horned GreBe Podiceps auritus 易危 VulneraBle * 黑頸鸊鷉 Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis 鸛科 STORKS Ciconiidae * 黑鸛 Black Stork Ciconia nigra * 東方白鸛 Oriental Stork Ciconia boyciana 瀕危 Endangered 鹮科 IBISES AND SPOONBILLS Threskiornithidae * 黑頭白鹮 Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus 近危 Near Threatened * 彩鹮 Glossy IBis Plegadis falcinellus * 白琵鷺 Eurasian SpoonBill Platalea leucorodia * 黑臉琵鷺 Black-faced SpoonBill Platalea minor 瀕危 Endangered 鷺科 BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS Ardeidae * 大麻鳽 Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris * 黃葦鳽 Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis * 紫背葦鳽 Von Schrenck's Bittern Ixobrychus eurhythmus * 栗葦鳽 Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus * 黑鳽 Black Bittern Dupetor flavicollis * 夜鷺 Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax * 綠鷺 Striated Heron Butorides striata * 池鷺 Chinese Pond Heron Ardeola bacchus * 牛背鷺 Eastern Cattle Egret Bubulcus coromandus * 蒼鷺 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea 3 Last update: May 2020 最後更新日期：2020 年 5 月 中文名稱 英文名稱 學名 全球保育狀況 1 * Chinese Name English Name Scientific Name Global Conservation Status1 * 草鷺 Purple Heron Ardea purpurea * 大白鷺 Great Egret Ardea alba * 中白鷺 Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia * 小白鷺 Little Egret Egretta garzetta * 岩鷺 Pacific Reef Heron Egretta sacra * 黃嘴白鷺 Swinhoe's Egret Egretta eulophotes 易危 VulneraBle 鵜鶘科 PELICANS Pelecanidae * 卷羽鵜鶘 Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus 近危 Near Threatened 軍艦鳥科 FRIGATEBIRDS Fregatidae 白腹軍艦鳥 Christmas Island FrigateBird Fregata andrewsi 極度瀕危 Critically Endangered * 白斑軍艦鳥 Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel 鸕鷀科 CORMORANTS Phalacrocoracidae * 普通鸕鷀 Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo 鶚科 OSPREYS Pandionidae * 鶚 Western Osprey Pandion haliaetus 鷹科 EAGLES AND HAWKS Accipitridae * 黑翅鳶 Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus * 鳳頭蜂鷹 Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus * 黑冠鵑隼 Black Baza Aviceda leuphotes * 禿鷲 Eurasian Black Vulture Aegypius monachus 近危 Near Threatened * 蛇鵰 Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela * 烏鵰 Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga 易危 VulneraBle * 草原鵰 Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis 瀕危 Endangered * 白肩鵰 Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca 易危 VulneraBle * 白腹隼鵰 Bonelli's Eagle Aquila fasciata * 鳳頭鷹 Crested Goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus * 赤腹鷹 Chinese Sparrowhawk Accipiter soloensis * 日本松雀鷹 Japanese Sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis * 松雀鷹 Besra Accipiter virgatus * 雀鷹 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus * 蒼鷹 Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentills * 白腹鷂 Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus spilonotus 4 Last update: May 2020 最後更新日期：2020 年 5 月 中文名稱 英文名稱 學名 全球保育狀況 1 * Chinese Name English Name Scientific Name Global Conservation Status1 * 鵲鷂 Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucos * 白尾鷂 Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus * 黑鳶 Black Kite Milvus migrans * 栗鳶 Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus * 白腹海鵰 White-bellied Sea Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster * 灰臉鵟鷹 Grey-faced Buzzard Butastur indicus * 普通鵟 Eastern Buzzard Buteo japonicus 秧雞科 RAILS, CRAKES AND COOTS Rallidae * 灰胸秧雞 Slaty-breasted Rail Gallirallus striatus * 西方秧雞 Western Water Rail Rallus aquaticus * 普通秧雞 Eastern Water Rail Rallus indicus * 白胸苦惡鳥 White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus * 小田雞 Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla * 紅胸田雞 Ruddy-breasted Crake Porzana fusca * 白眉田雞 White-browed Crake Porzana cinerea * 董雞 Watercock Gallicrex cinerea * 紫水雞 Grey-headed Swamphen Porphyrio poliocephalus * 黑水雞 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus * 骨頂雞 Eurasian Coot Fulica atra 鶴科 CRANES Gruidae * 白鶴 SiBerian Crane Grus leucogeranus 極度瀕危 Critically Endangered * 灰鶴 Common Crane Grus grus 三趾鶉科 BUTTONQUAILS Turnicidae * 黃腳三趾鶉 Yellow-legged Buttonquail Turnix tanki * 棕三趾鶉 Barred Buttonquail Turnix suscitator 石鸻科 STONE-CURLEWS Burhinidae * 大石鴴 Great Stone-curlew Esacus recurvirostris 近危 Near Threatened 蠣鷸科 OYSTERCATCHERS Haematopodidae 蠣鷸 Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus 近危 Near Threatened 反嘴鷸科 AVOCETS AND STILTS Recurvirostridae * 黑翅長腳鷸 Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus 5 Last update: May 2020 最後更新日期：2020 年 5 月 中文名稱 英文名稱 學名 全球保育狀況 1 * Chinese Name English Name Scientific Name Global Conservation Status1 * 反嘴鷸 Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta 鴴科 PLOVERS Charadriidae * 鳳頭麥雞 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus 近危 Near Threatened * 灰頭麥雞 Grey-headed Lapwing Vanellus cinereus * 歐金鴴 European Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria * 金斑鴴 Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva * 灰斑鴴 Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola 劍鴴 Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula 長嘴鴴 Long-billed Plover Charadrius placidus * 金眶鴴 Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius * 環頸鴴 Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus * 蒙古沙鴴 Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus * 鐵嘴沙鴴 Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii * 東方鴴 Oriental Plover Charadrius veredus 彩鷸科 PAINTED SNIPES Rostratulidae * 彩鷸 Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis 水雉科 JACANAS Jacanidae * 水雉 Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus 鷸科 SANDPIPERS, SNIPES, CURLEWS AND ALLIES Scolopacidae * 中杓鷸 WhimBrel Numenius phaeopus * 小杓鷸 Little Curlew Numenius minutus * 紅腰杓鷸 Far Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis 瀕危 Endangered * 白腰杓鷸 Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquatus 近危 Near Threatened * 斑尾塍鷸 Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica * 黑尾塍鷸 Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa 近危 Near Threatened * 翻石鷸 Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres * 大濱鷸 Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris 易危 VulneraBle * 紅腹濱鷸 Red Knot Calidris canutus 近危 Near Threatened * 流蘇鷸 Ruff Calidris pugnax * 闊嘴鷸 Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus * 尖尾濱鷸 Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata * 彎嘴濱鷸 Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea 近危 Near Threatened * 青腳濱鷸 Temminck’s Stint Calidris temminckii 6 Last update: May 2020 最後更新日期：2020 年 5 月 中文名稱 英文名稱 學名 全球保育狀況 1 * Chinese Name English Name Scientific Name Global Conservation Status1 * 長趾濱鷸 Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta * 勺嘴鷸 Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmeus 極度瀕危 Critically Endangered * 紅頸濱鷸 Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis 近危 Near Threatened * 三趾濱鷸 Sanderling Calidris alba * 黑腹濱鷸 Dunlin Calidris alpina * 小濱鷸 Little Stint Calidris minuta * 飾胸鷸 Buff-breasted Sandpiper Calidris subruficollis 近危 Near Threatened * 斑胸濱鷸 Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos * 半蹼鷸 Asian Dowitcher Limnodromus semipalmatus 近危 Near Threatened * 長嘴鷸 Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus * 丘鷸 Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola * 針尾沙錐 Pintail Snipe Gallinago stenura * 大沙錐 Swinhoe’s Snipe Gallinago megala * 扇尾沙錐 Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago * 翹嘴鷸 Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus * 紅頸瓣蹼鷸 Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus * 灰瓣蹼鷸 Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius