Ministry of Works, Consultancy Service for the Updating of a Feasibility Study and the preparation of the Detailed Designs for the Upgrading of the Government of Belize Coastal Highway Belize Project Coordinator Michelan Gilharry Power Lane Belmopan Tel. 822-2136/2139 Politecnica Project Director Alessio Gori KE1 Team Leader / Highway Engineer Francisco Reina Barranco KE2 Drainage Engineer / Hydrologist Luca Boccardi KE3 Structural / Bridge Engineer Richard Sansom Ministry of Works – Belize KE4 Geotechnical Engineer Giuseppe Furlani KE5 Transport Economist Dipankar Chatterji Government of Belize KE6 Environmental Specialist Jan Cornelis Meerman KE7 Social and Gender Impact Specialist Valentino Shal Caribbean Development Bank Technical assistance has been provided by Upgrading of the Coastal Highway Stann Creek District, Belize Social Impact Assessment Volume III – Appendix 14 Social Impact Assessment UPDATING OF A FEASIBILITY STUDY AND PREPARATION OF DETAILED DESIGNS FOR THE UPGRADING OF THE COASTAL HIGHWAY | PREPARED BY: VALENTINO SHAL WITH THE SUPPORT OF ELISHAH ST. LUCE COASTAL ROAD SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT - SHAL 2018 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 2 LIST OF ACRONYMS ......................................................................................................................................... 5 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ 6 2 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 SCOPE OF SIA ............................................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS ........................................................................................................................... 8 3 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................................................... 9 3.1 DESK REVIEW ................................................................................................................................................ 9 3.2 INITIAL COMMUNITY CONSULTATIONS ............................................................................................................... 9 3.3 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION ....................................................................................................................... 10 3.4 POPULATION HOUSEHOLD SURVEY ................................................................................................................. 11 3.5 FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS ......................................................................................................................... 12 3.6 KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS ........................................................................................................................ 13 3.7 VALIDATION SESSIONS .................................................................................................................................. 13 4 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................ 14 4.1 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK .......................................................................................................... 14 4.2 LEGAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................................................................... 16 5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES .......................................................................... 19 5.1 HISTORY AND DEMOGRAPHICS ....................................................................................................................... 19 5.2 ECONOMY AND LIVELIHOODS ......................................................................................................................... 23 5.3 SOCIO-CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................ 30 5.4 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................ 31 5.5 INSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................................................. 42 5.6 MAJOR SOCIAL ISSUES AND CONCERNS ............................................................................................................ 43 6 STAKEHOLDER CONCERNS AND INTERESTS ........................................................................................... 45 6.1 OUTCOME OF CONSULTATIONS ...................................................................................................................... 45 7 SOCIAL DIMENSIONS AND POTENTIAL SOCIAL IMPACT ........................................................................ 53 7.1 DIMENSION 1 - POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................ 53 7.2 DIMENSION 2 - INDIVIDUAL AND HOUSEHOLD .................................................................................................. 54 7.3 DIMENSION 3 - LIFESTYLE AND WELL-BEING ..................................................................................................... 57 7.4 DIMENSION 4 - POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL RESOURCES ................................................................................. 59 7.5 DIMENSION 5 - COMMUNITY RESOURCES ........................................................................................................ 60 8 SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................................................ 66 8.1 DIMENSION 1 - POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................ 66 8.2 DIMENSION 2 - INDIVIDUAL AND HOUSEHOLD .................................................................................................. 67 8.3 DIMENSION 3 - LIFESTYLE AND WELL-BEING ..................................................................................................... 69 8.4 DIMENSION 4 - POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL RESOURCES ................................................................................. 71 8.5 DIMENSION 5 - COMMUNITY RESOURCES ........................................................................................................ 72 9 MONITORING AND EVALUATION .......................................................................................................... 75 9.1 DIMENSION 1 – POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................ 75 9.2 DIMENSION 2 – INDIVIDUAL AND HOUSEHOLD .................................................................................................. 76 9.3 DIMENSION 3 – LIFESTYLE AND WELL-BEING .................................................................................................... 79 9.4 DIMENSION 4 – POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL RESOURCES ................................................................................ 84 COASTAL ROAD SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT - SHAL 2018 2 9.5 DIMENSION 5 – COMMUNITY RESOURCES ....................................................................................................... 85 10 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ....................................................................................................... 88 10.1 PURPOSE .............................................................................................................................................. 88 10.2 PRINCIPLES OF THE GRM ......................................................................................................................... 89 10.3 GRM ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................ 89 10.4 GRM IMPLEMENTATION .......................................................................................................................... 93 11 ANNEXES: ............................................................................................................................................. 97 ANNEX 1: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS - STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS ................................................................................. 97 ANNEX 2: INITIAL CONSULTATION OF VILLAGE COUNCILS .............................................................................................. 99 ANNEX 3: MEETING MINUTES - COMMUNITY CONSULTATIONS ................................................................................... 100 ANNEX 3: FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION RESULTS ........................................................................................................ 116 ANNEX 4: POPULATION HOUSEHOLD SURVEY INSTRUMENT ........................................................................................ 143 ANNEX 5: WATER TRANSMISSION LINES LAYOUT- GALES POINT .................................................................................. 148 ANNEX