UNITED STATES CHESS FEDERATION , ( I -• -I USCF .J •- .J America's Chess Periodical Volume XVI. Number 9 SEPTEMBER, \961 40 Cents HOW MANY VARIATIONS? 169,518,829,100,544,000,000,000,000,000 X 700 (See ~II. 253) REPORT FROM FIDE At tile ' CCClll 1'10£ COllgrefl heW at night, Mr. Hellimo has put forward the Leipzig, GrunJmmtcr M ilora V/(fmtlr 0/ Yu· original proposition to adjourn the game gruiall/6 fIIbcd mallll qlll!lIiOW} all to ,1M for a pause of 2 hours already after I adutsabilily of .Wltg lectmru In malor chaA first period of only 2 hour::, in view of event, aru:i Ille ".0. and co"", of Immlllll.re the lact that in its initial phase a game draWl by agreemlm' . J\/1 of tlw member ollcrs much less chances [or an effective C(JImlr/c1 0/ FIDE were poUcd 01 10 I/urlr analysis than later on. wcleu;JIC(!J 1111(/ idCf/iI all t/1e5e 111."0 (I I.e,· Among the federalions and persons litms and foffowllIg I.J Iflc $rUllIIllJry: who have recommended an organization of play allowing a great number or Summary of the resulh of the Inquiry on gumcs to be terminated in the sa me day the questions r.iHd by Grand-MlSler as they have been begun, certain have Vidmar. lironounced themselves in lavour of a The questions raised by Grand·Master lengthening of the [irs!: period ol play. Vidmar have aroused a rather vivid in­ while others wish to keep the duration terest and the number of answers pre. of this period at 5 hours but see the sente<! 10 the .'.I.D.E. Bureau is impor· game continued on the same day alter ta nto Several correspondents have stu· a pause proposed in general to com· died the problems profoundly, lind it prise 1 'h- 2 hoW's. is diHicult to give a brief summary o( do not imply a prohibition of lhe usage all their interesting remarks. On many bul tend to reduce the practical im· Mr. Nagler with bis great experience points fairly divergent opinions have portance of it as much as possible. roneerning the organization of impor. been expressed so that in <:ertain cases The proposition of the Permanent tant tournaments states that on the base it is di((icult to establish any cieu r ten· Co mmission for the Laws of Chess to of t.he results of the three last candi· dency. The foJ1 owing report therefore fix in the tournaments t he hours and dates' tournaments he has elaborated a aims only at recording briefly the points the rate of play in a way suitable for table of staUstics acco rding to which the of view presented in the answers, the reducing the number or adjourned number of games terminated before tbe tcxt of which Is communicated complete­ g3 mes bas fouDd many supporters. Most 50t h move amounted to 75%, whilst the number ol games terminated belore the ly in Lh e appendix. of these have beeD against the in· creased rate of play recommended by 40th move was only 47%. Mr. Nagler QUlntion conc;lrning th. use of ..c:oncb . Mr. Vidmar, and in partic ular the Grand· thercJore recommends a duration of 6 The majority or the correspondents Masters ol the U.S.S.R. have vindicated hours for the lirst period of play, 50 have been in -agreement on the opinion that the quality of the games would moves having to be executed during that the assistance of seconds is a re­ suHer seriously by it. On the co ntrary, that time (which implies only a slight grettable usage. 1\ deserves to be men· Mr. Kmoch deems it possible to stipu· increase in playing speed; for the con· tioned however, that Grand·Master Bent late the cxecution of 6().72 moves in a ti nuation of the game, Mr. Nagler pro­ Lal'Se~-w h o because of the insuUicient period of 6 hours, with two time can· poses a rale of 18·20 movcs in 2 bours). financial means of his federation Clln trois. The same du ration lor the first period never himself be assisted by a second­ The Federation of the U.S.S.R. and of play has been recommended by the docs not consider the problem as serious. many of the Grand·Masters belonging Spanish Federation, and by Grand·Mu· Grand.Master Flohr has expressed the to ii, with Mr. Bolvi nnik at t11e bead, ter Larsen who proposes 48 moves to be opinion Ihat one might try to forbid the have found a lengthening of the (irst executed during that period with a first use of seconds in zonal and interzonal period of play, beyond the now usual time control lor the execution of 32 tournaments, while lor candidates' lour· 5 hours (or 40 moves, too fatigating for moves in 4 hours. As has already been naments and matches fo r the world the players, and they havc opposed also mentioned, lItr. Kmoch is also in favour championship he considers them as in· continuing the ga me arler a pause of of a fi rst playing period of 6 hours. dispensable. 2 hours, alleging, in addition to the ef· wi th an essentially increased. rate of With few exceptions the colTespond· forts being considered too great for the play. cnts havc found a prohibition of the use players, that the impol'tance of the sec· In the second place Mr. Nagler puts of seconds impracticable in vi ew of the onds would only be increased by thut the alternlltive to intercalate after a diIficulty of establishing un eiIective measure. This latter point of view is first pl aying period of 5 hours a pause of control. This point o[ viow has been shared by Grand·Master Barcza wno fur· 2 hours after which the game should be stressed in pal·ticular by the Federalloll ther co nsiders a lengthening of the (irst continued for II 2 hour period. He states ol the U.S.S.R. and by the Grand·Mas ters period o( play particularly unfavou rable that this orga nization of play has been Botvi nnik, '1'n1, Smyslov, Auerbach, to players of a higher age. Grand·Master applied since 1953 in the Clare Benedict Keres aod Pe ll'osjao. Lombardy thinks that aUer 5 hours play· tournaments; it has, however, the in· Mr. Vidmar, however, has maintained ers of all I:a tegories need recreation. convenienoo lhat according to experi. and supplemented his argumentntion in Sharing with the said Grand·Masters the ence, pl ayers use nearly the wbo pause favour o{ an explicit probibition of the opinion that a pause of 2 hours after a {or analyzing the adjourned position. use of ~onds, and his opinion has been first period ol 5 hours of play gives The same organization of play has been supported by Mr. HeiJimo. pl ayers assisted by first-class seco nds a recommended by the federations of In general it bas been regarded nec· favour even more decisive than the usual Spain and of Switzerland, as well as by essary to limit onesellto measures which method of adjour ning the ga me over· Messrs. Keres, Kholmov, Taimanov, Pice, COfIyr1th1 1'" by I,... Fa mlly DuCJi lor t",o or rno... merubert or CHANG. OF ADDRESS: Four weeb noUce re. UNITED STATU CHEll FiEDIiRATIDN one ramily liviD&" at the ..me addr" .., lnc:lud­ qul~ . WJl en orderln, address c bartie, pleue CHUS LIFE '" pllbll..lbecl mODthly by Ille !u rnlal1 addrell .tencil tmpre&!llion (rom recent Unlud Stalu Cbue FeduaUon. Seeond c:lUl In, only 0010 .w.scrlptloD to CHIiSS LIFE, are ..ue or elUoCt r1Opro<!.l,Ictioo lncludln, nll_ po5t.ac e pald II Dllbllqlle, Iowa. at reCUlar Tilt.,. <eee above) phu the roUo .... ln,­ ben Ind dllu Oil t op Une. SEND ALL conununlcaUolUI to FRANK rat... tor eac:h addJUonal melnberahlp: Ooe IlItADY, U.s. CHESI FEDEItATJON, IQ Ell' 11th It,.. , Na. York " N. Y. Vear: $2 so. Two Yean: f4,.T5, Thre. Vean: OFFICI OF PUIIoUCATION, U5CF Mlmbenhlp DIHI . IncllldLIIC ~~rlptlon to CHEll LIFE, and all other prlvlle.es: 511.15. Sub$crlpUoo rale or CHIli LIFE 10 Che.. Ufa, W Blurf S t., Dubllque, 10 ..... ONE YEAR: p.OI TWO YEARS: ,'.JO non.me mbers: ~ . OO per yur. THREE YEAU: SIl.st SUSTAINING: ,1'.00 (Be<:omu Life Member.hip alt.r 10 p.yme nt.) Make III checks pay.ble to: LIFE: ,100.00 SINGLE COPIES: 4Dc each. THE UNITED ITATES CHESS FEDERATION 250 CHESS LIFE Golombek and Stahlberg; the two last is shared by 1Hr. Kmoch who remarks C":ESS LIFE mentioned propose, howevel', the dura· that the disadvantages of this circum· tion o[ the pause 10 only 1_ llh hours, stance would be particularly evident if and Mr. Pirc draws attention to the the playing strength of the referee is America's Chess Periodical fact that the realization of the organiza· either much below or much above the Volume XVI Number 9 September, 1961 tion in question may meet difficulties of strength of the players. a technical nature and be unfavourable The older method of resisting the ten· Editor: Frank R. Brady from the spectators' point of view; reo dencies in question by stipulating a cer· garding the matches for the World tain minimum number of moves be[ore PUBLISHED BY Championship he wishes to conserve the the execution of which a draw must not THE UNITED STATES CHESS present organization of play.