SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME NFORMATION AND OMMUNICATION ECHNOLOGIES I C T Project Accessibility Assessment Simulation Environment for New Applications Design and Development (ACCESSIBLE, Grant Agreement No. 224145) Deliverable D 2.1 - State of the Art Survey in Accessibility Research and Market Survey Lead beneficiary CS WP. no, title WP2 – User needs, benchmarking, accessibility and and activity type simulation requirements (RTD) Contributing Task (s) Task 2.2: Literature review and market survey Dissemination Public level Delivery date January 2010 Status Updated Final File name and “ACCESSIBLE_D2.1_FINAL_updated_Jan2010.doc”, 10486 Kb size ACCESSIBLE Deliverable D2.1 -PU- Grant Agreement No. 224145 Authors List Leading Author (Editor) Surname Initials Beneficiary Name Contact email (Short Name) Staehli Benjamin SB CS [email protected] Co-authors (In alphabetic order) # Surname Initials Beneficiary Name Contact email (Short Name) 1 Mourouzis Alexandros MA CERTH/HIT [email protected], 2 Chalkia Eleni CE CERTH/HIT [email protected] 3 Bekiaris Evangelos BE CERTH/HIT [email protected] 5 Lopes, Rui R. FFCUL [email protected] 6 Kavadias Christoforos Ch. Solinet [email protected] 7 Antona AM FORTH [email protected] (add lines as appropriate) Peer Reviewers List # Surname Initials Contact email 1 Ntoa Stavroula NS [email protected] 2 Nitsch H [email protected] January 2010 -iii- CS ACCESSIBLE Deliverable D2.1 -PU- Grant Agreement No. 224145 History of versions Table Date Comments September 2009 1st version of D2.1 November 2009 First updated version of D2.1 with optimised methodological framework, updated standards and devices SoA. January 2010 Second updated version after the comments of the reviewers on the first ACCESSIBLE review. January 2010 -iv- CS ACCESSIBLE Deliverable D2.1 -PU- Grant Agreement No. 224145 January 2010 -v- CS ACCESSIBLE Deliverable D2.1 -PU- Grant Agreement No. 224145 Executive Summary This Deliverable consists of two parts. The first part focuses on research efforts and achievements in the fields of accessibility and assistive technologies and presents the results stemming from a thorough review conducted in the context of the ACCESSIBLE project to search for the state of the art of application accessibility technologies. Such technologies include well-established standards, but also appropriate accessibility assessment tools, developer‘s aid tools and well-defined methodologies. As a starting point, the relevant research work conducted in ASK-IT IP project for various disabilities (both literature work and prototypes trials results) was thoroughly reviewed. The recommendations coming from all relevant conducted trials with relevant prototypes as well as the identification of gaps in the undergoing literature review and studies oriented the further research held in the context of ACCESSIBLE. In summary, the current state-of-the-art in the following fields was considered: a) Current and emerging accessibility standards such as Section 508, WCAG 1.0&2.0, WAI-ARIA, ISO/IEC Guide 71, ISO/DIS 9241-151, etc. b) Existing accessibility check or repair tools for accessibility assessment such as Bobby, WebKing, RAVEN, aDesigner, LIFT, AccRepairf c) Current guidelines and accessibilities technologies from Sun, Microsoft and IBM d) The current accessibility status of desktop and mobile applications and services e) Survey regarding simulation tools for accessibility support. The second part focuses on market data, as a way to establish the commercial possibilities of the systems developed in the ACCESSIBLE project. This Deliverable describes the plans and preparations towards the market survey to be conducted in ACCESSIBLE, including the realisation and circulation of a relevant template for collecting structured data on actual state of art of the benchmarking accessibility tools market. The task T8.4 (Market Analysis & Business Plan) will take-over this activity to carry a full market survey by Month 12, which will be constantly updated during the course of the project, to cater for new technological evolution and reported as part of the month 32 milestone ―Business plan and market analysis available‖. January 2010 -vi- CS ACCESSIBLE Deliverable D2.1 -PU- Grant Agreement No. 224145 January 2010 -vii- CS ACCESSIBLE Deliverable D2.1 -PU- Grant Agreement No. 224145 Table of contents Authors List ..................................................................................................................iii Peer Reviewers List ......................................................................................................iii History of versions Table .............................................................................................. iv Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... vi Table of contents .........................................................................................................viii List of figures ................................................................................................................. x List of charts ................................................................................................................. xi List of tables .................................................................................................................. xi List of definitions & abbreviations .............................................................................. xii 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 15 1.1 Aim and object ................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Methodology ...................................................................................................... 15 2 Survey of standards ................................................................................................... 17 2.1 Accessibility standards & guidelines templates ................................................. 18 2.1.1 Template for Standards Gathering & Standards Compliance ..................... 18 2.2 Accessibility standardisation bodies and initiatives .......................................... 18 2.3 Accessibility standards overview ....................................................................... 22 2.3.1 Web application accessibility standards. ................................................... 23 2.3.2 Web services accessibility standards. ......................................................... 27 2.3.3 Description languages accessibility standards. ........................................... 27 2.3.4 Mobile applications accessibility standards. ............................................... 27 2.4 Conclusions for the accessibility standards ....................................................... 29 2.5 Accessibility guidelines & technologies ............................................................ 29 2.5.1 IBM accessibility guidelines ....................................................................... 30 2.5.2 Sun Microsystems accessibility technologies ............................................. 30 2.5.3 Microsoft accessibility technologies ........................................................... 33 2.5.4 APPLE accessibility technologies .............................................................. 37 2.6 European benchmarking initiatives .................................................................... 41 2.6.1 The Fifth Framework Programme .............................................................. 41 2.6.2 The Sixth Framework Programme .............................................................. 42 2.6.3 Benchmarking Tools and Methods for the Web ......................................... 42 2.6.4 The Seventh Framework Programme ......................................................... 46 2.6.5 Relevant Projects ........................................................................................ 48 3 Market Survey ........................................................................................................... 53 3.1 Survey of tools ................................................................................................... 53 3.2 Market survey Template .................................................................................... 54 3.3 Accessibility assessment tools ........................................................................... 55 3.3.2.1 Results for accessibility assessment tools ............................................ 55 3.3.2.2 Conclusions for the accessibility simulation tools ............................... 62 3.3.3 Accessibility simulation tools ..................................................................... 67 3.3.3.1 Results for accessibility simulation tools ............................................. 68 3.3.3.2 Conclusions for the accessibility simulation tools ............................... 75 3.4 Survey of devices ............................................................................................... 77 3.4.1 Screen Readers ............................................................................................ 77 3.4.2 Braille .......................................................................................................... 79 3.4.3 Alternative Keyboards or Switches ............................................................ 80 3.4.4 Screen Magnifiers ......................................................................................