ISBN: 978-93-5311-151-9 MOTOR FITNESS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL BOYS OF DHARWAD DISTRICT Introduction : Motor related Motor fitness has direct relevance to performance in games and sports. It enables on individual to participate in games and sports with greater power, speed, endurance, agility, coordination, balance etc, and in turn makes him capable of attaining good performance in a sport. Physical Education gives students the knowledge and skills to make the most of their physical and mental abilities. It gives them building blocks of good health; Motor fitness and skills, co-ordination and good sportsmanship. Students learn to assess their own Motor fitness and skills. Motor fitness is largely acquired through what an individual does for himself Motor fitness is largely (fitness) Personal process it lies largely with students own powers and the body is the vehicle through which development of fitness is achieved. Motor fitness does not appear all of a sudden. It starts clear before the birth of the baby. A healthy matter alone can bring forth a healthy child. The child also must be brought up in healthy ways. Cleanness, proper Diet and the physical activities will make the young are strong and activities should continue according to the age group. The greatness of nation depends mainly on health, Motor fitness and efficiency of the people Purpose Of The Study: The main purpose of this study was to compare the selected motor fitness variables speed, Agility, power, flexibility and endurance of Rural and urban high school boys of Chitradurga District. Methodology: To achieve the purpose of the study, data was collected from one hundred students fifty from each category from high schools of Chitradurga district. The age of the subjects were ranging from 13-16 years. Statistical Technique: The collected data was analyzed by using't' statistical technique with the help of 19th version of SPSS. Results: The data collected from the subjects of this study was treated with t statistical technique and results are presented in the following table. Table 1 Mean, standard deviation and 't' score of Speed (50mtr dash) rural and urban high school boys and girls students Sl. No. Students Sample Size Mean Standard Deviation ‘t’ value 1 Rural 50 7.66 0.9669 4.22 2 Urban 50 6.98 0.9392 Significant at 0.05 level Dr.Vijayakumar H, Physical Education Teacher, S N B K High school, Devihosur, Haveri district. Shri Lakkappa Boodanavar, Physical Education Teacher, Govt. First Grade College, Kittur, -Dist : Belagavi-591115 English & Kannada Seminars 1 ISBN: 978-93-5311-151-9 Table 1 shows the mean value and standard deviation of the two groups i.e., rural and urban highschool boys and girls students with 't' score. The 't' score on calculation is 4.22 which is greater than the table value i.e., 1.96 and is significant at 0.05 level. Table 2 Mean, standard deviation and 't' score of Agility (10x4 shuttle run) between rural and urban high school boys and girls students Sl. No. Players Sample Size Mean Standard Deviation ‘t’ value 1 Rural 50 23.02 4.4990 1.30 2 Urban 50 22.05 4.9975 Significant at 0.05 level. Sl. No. Players Sample Size Mean Standard Deviation ‘t’ value 1 Rural 50 8.0 3.8048 1.80 2 Urban 50 9.48 4.0317 Significant at 0.05 level. Table 3 shows the mean value and standard deviation of the two groups i.e., rural and urban high school boys and girls students with 't' score. The 't' score on calculation is 1.80 which is lesser than the table value i.e., 1.06 and is not significant at 0.05 level. Table 4 Mean, standard deviation and 't' score of Strength ( standing broad jump) between rural and urban high school boys and girls students Sl. No. Players Sample Size Mean Standard Deviation ‘t’ value 1 Rural 50 1.63 2.2816 1.56 2 Urban 50 1.55 0.3147 Significant at 0.05 level. Table 4 shows the mean value and standard deviation of the two groups i.e., rural and urban high school boys and girls students with 't' score. The 't' score on calculation is 1.56 which is lesser than the table value i.e., 1.96 and is not significant at 0.05 level. Table 5 Mean, standard deviation and 't' score of Endurance (600 yard run and walk) between rural and urban high school boys students Sl. No. Players Sample Size Mean Standard Deviation ‘t’ value 1 Rural 50 2.68 0.5455 3.42 2 Urban 50 2.44 0.5131 Significant at 0.05 level. 2.... English & Kannada Seminars ISBN: 978-93-5311-151-9 Table 5 shows the mean value and standard deviation of the two groups i.e., rural and urban high school boys and girls students with 't' score. The 't' score on calculation is 3.42 which is higher than the table value i.e., 1.96 and it is significant at 0.05 level. FINDINGS OF THE STUDY On the basis of the study following results were found 1. Urban high school boys have a better speed than rural high school 2. The rural high school boys are more having more endurance than urban high school boys and girls. 3. In Agility, power, and flexibility there is no significant difference between Rural and Urban high schools boys of Chitradurga District 4. The fitness can be obtained only through participating vigorous physical activities. 5. The total fitness between rural and urban high school students where in significant become and the fact that both the students will not differ much in their performance level. References 1. Bud Catchell. 1965. Physical Fitness: A way of Life. John Wesley and Sons Inc., New York, p.9. 2. Barrow, H.M. and McGee, R., A Practical Approach to Measurement in Physical Education, London: Henry Kimpton Publishers, 1979 3. Bucher, Charles A., Foundation of Physical Education, Saint Louis; The C.V. Mosby Co., 1972. 4. Balsevitch, V. and Siris, S., "Die Lehrc der Leichaathletic" English Version Track Technique, No.42 (January 1970): 342 Cited by H.S. Sodhi and L.S. Sidhu, Physique and Selection of Sportsman (Patiala: Punjab Publishing House, 1984). 5. Brengden, Gayle Cyndon., "A Comparison of Motor fitnessand Anthropometric Measurements of Pre-adolescent, Mexican American and Anglo American Males" Dissertation Abstracts International, Vol. XXXIII, (May 1973). 6. Charles A. Bueheer. 1958. Administration of School Health and Physical Education Programme. The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis 7. Clarke, H. Harrison Ed, "Basic Understanding of Physical fitness", Motor fitnessResearch Digest, No. 1 (July 1971). 8. Clarke, H. Harrison Ed, Motor fitnessResearch Digest, No.2 , (Washington D.C.: President Council on Motor fitnessand Sports, October 1972). 9. Donald, I. and K. Mathews. 1978. Measurement in Physical Education. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia English & Kannada Seminars 3 ISBN: 978-93-5311-151-9 A LABYRINTH: THE VIEW OF THE CITY IN ORHAN PAMUK'S THE BLACK BOOK Orhan Pamuk, a leading, contemporary Turkish novelist and Nobel Prize winner for literature in 2006, embarks on a long journey to find out Turkish glory of Ottoman Empire. In his novels he deals with certain universal themes like quest for new identity, East-West conflict, dominating Western culture and its impact on Turkish society, fast spreading consumerism, pursuit of love and its vanity. He has inked ten novels, his own autobiography and two essays. His famous works are The White Castle, The New Life, The Innocence of Museum, My Name is Red and Snow. He lives in Istanbul and professor of Columbia University, UAS. Orhan Pamuk's The Black Book starts with the lawyer, Galip, trying to locate his missing wife, Rüya, who is also his cousin. Rüya disappears at the end of a working day by leaving a cryptic note to Galip and without elaborating on her motives. During his search, Galip finds out that Rüya's half brother, Celal, the newspaper columnist is also missing. Trying to find Rüya and Celal, Galip enters into a maze of relationships that do not provide any satisfactory clues as to the whereabouts of both. He loses track and starts concentrating on Celal's newspaper columns more. He comes across his private hideaway and stays there and writes newspapers columns, pretending to be Celal. He answers his phones, talks with foreign TV cast and lives in his apartment. The more he impersonates him, the more he loses his own identity and the focus of his search. At the end, Celal and Rüya are killed by a one of Celal's fans before Galip can find them. Orhan Pamuk's The Black Book takes place in Istanbul. The city is as multi-layered as New York and resembles New York in its portrayal. He wrote this novel mostly in The New York Columbia University Library, in the top floor, private study room during night time, listening to the never ending police sirens and voices of the subway train movements which partially explain this resemblance (Öteki Renkler 48). Yet, Istanbul is not portrayed as a transformed New York, but as a city with its specific history and details. The unique geographical position of the city as the bridge between the East and the West is represented not only in the architecture but also in the lifestyle and ideas of its inhabitants. As Pamuk points out, the book is a "collage" where the past, the present and the unrelated stories merge (Öteki Renkler 139). Besides all the confusion and chaotic nature of city which is the result of its geographical and political situation, the added atmosphere of historical connections which date back to centuries complicate the relationships further.