Vol. 8 No. 2 June 2020 – September 2020 MEDICINUS Editor in Chief Journal of Faculty of Medicine University of Pelita Harapan Julius July Vol. 8 No. 2 Editorial Advisory Board June 2020 – September 2020 ISSN 1978-3094 Eka J. Wahjoepramono E-ISSN 2622-6995 Wahyuni L. Atmodjo Irawan Yusuf Clinical Article Bustanur Rosidi Ivet Suriapranata Correlation Between The Knowledge On Allen Widysanto Health Effects Of Smoking And Motivation On Cucunawangsih Smoking Cessation In Ex-Smokers Of Lung Vivien Puspitasari Department Patients, Siloam General Hospital, Nicolaski Lumbuun Lippo Village. Hori Horiyanto Clarinda Wong, Brian Lucas, Sunanto NG Veli Sungono, Andree Kurniawan, Yusak M.T Siahaan Allen Widysanto................................................38 Dwi Safitri Rivami Neneng Suryadinata A Systematic Review of Coronavirus Disease Nata Pratama Lugito 2019 with Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Andree Kurniawan Adult: Focus on Risk Factors, Mechanism, Dyana Safitri Velies Diagnosis, and Treatment. Pricilla Yani Gunawan Claudia Jodhinata, Andree Kurniawan, Jacobus Jeno Devina Adella Halim…..................................... 48 Stevent Sumantri Freda Susana Halim Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Gastrointestinal Andry Juliansen Involvement: a Systematic Review Moryella Monica, Andree Kurniawan…………………62 Petra O. Wahjoepramono Patricia Diana Coagulopathy in COVID-19: A Systematic Veli Sungono Review Raymond Pranata Sharleen Winata, Andree Kurniawan…………………72 Secretary Rela Sulistiyawati Case Report Late Intra-Uterine Fetal Demise with Fetal Address Hydrops: nd Challenges of Management Planning in FK-UPH Building 2 floor Indonesia Boulevard Jendral Sudirman Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang Gezta Nasafir Hermawan, Jacobus Jeno Wibisono, phone (021) 54210130-54210131 Julita D.L. Nainggolan…………………………….81 e-mail: [email protected] Publish Publish: April 2021 February – June – October CLINICAL ARTICLE Correlation Between The Knowledge On Health Effects Of Smoking And Motivation On Smoking Cessation In Ex-Smokers Of Lung Department Patients, Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village. Clarinda Wong1, Brian Lucas1, Veli Sungono1,Andree Kurniawan1, Allen Widysanto1 Faculty of Medicine Pelita Harapan University Abstract Introduction: Data from WHO showed that deaths caused by tobacco reaches Citation : Wong Clarinda, Kurniawan approximately ± 6 million deaths annually. There are many information about the Andree. Correlation Between The Knowledge On Health Effects Of danger of smoking which spreading from various sources. The level of knowledge Smoking And Motivation On Smoking about the danger of smoking can be associated with motivation to stop smoking. Cessation In Ex-Smokers Of Lung Department Patients, Siloam General Therefore, motivation toward smoking cessation arises if someone knows the Hospital, Lippo Village. benefits that can be taken, through an adequate knowledge. Medicinus. 2020 June; 8(2):38–47 Keywords: knowledge about the danger of smoking; motivation to quit Aim: To determine the relationship between the level of knowledge on the health smoking; ex-smokers; lung department patients. effects of smoking with motivation to stop smoking in ex-smokers of lung *Correspondance : Clarinda Wong, department patients at Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village. Faculty of Medicine Pelita Harapan University E-mail : [email protected] Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, analyzing 138 ex-smokers of Siloam Online First : April 2021 General Hospital’s lung department patients using consecutive sampling techniques. Results: the results showed 73.2% of people have good knowledge about the danger of smoking and 26.8% are not. Then, 58% of people have high motivation to stop smoking and 42% have low motivation. The results of statistical test using Chi Square showed a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the motivation to quit smoking (OR = 4.293 [95% CI: 1,921-9,594], P<.001). The results of the multivariate logistic regression test showed educational factors (P=0.014), and the frequency of smoking (P=0.007) also influence the motivation to stop smoking. Conclusion : There’s a significant relation between knowledge about the danger of smoking and the motivation to quit smoking. Introduction underestimated and ignored by Indonesian smokers. Therefore, the prevalence of Tobacco use is a significant global problem smoking in Indonesia is still very high. and a major cause of a preventable fatal Indonesia ranks at number three as deaths. Smoking is the main form of a country with the largest cigarette tobacco use and has been accepted by the consumption in the world after China and majority of Indonesians as a habit. India. West Java’s the highest in Indonesia According to World Health Organization (32.7%). While the lowest smoking (WHO) data, nearly 6 million deaths prevalence goes to Papua’s Province annually caused by tobacco. This number is (21.9%).1 There are 13 provinces out of 33 expected to increase even more than 8 provinces which have a smoking prevalence million deaths by 2030.1 The incline in higher than the national average. Globally, smoking prevalence is seen to be greater at the impact of smoking accounts for 22% of a young age than in adult age. all cardiovascular diseases and is also Appeals regarding the danger of associated with hypertension and smoking that have been carried out by cerebrovascular disease. Between 56%- various aspects such as in advertisements, 80% of all chronic respiratory diseases warning labels on the cigarette packages, (including chronic bronchitis and increased cigarette costs, counseling about emphysema) are caused by smoking. It is smoking-free and many more, but still it’s estimated that tobacco-related deaths 38| University of Pelita Harapan Clarinda Wong account for 10% or around 200,000 per year Sample of total deaths in Indonesia. WHO estimates The samples are ex-smokers from lung that most of deaths in Indonesia (61%) are department patients, Siloam General caused by non-communicable diseases2, Hospital, Lippo Village that fulfill the and three conditions are included as causes inclusion criteria, which is a 15-64 years old of death due to non-communicable diseases patients. They agreed to participate in this are cardiovascular disease, malignant research by signing an informed consent. neoplasms, and chronic obstructive The independent variable in this research pulmonary disease. Smoking is claimed to was knowledge about smoking, and the be the cause of 90% of lung cancer in men dependent variable was motivation on and around 70% in women in Indonesia. smoking cessation. The other independent Smoking often assumed to be a symbol of variables that are associated with the masculinity and courage. Judging from dependent variable were education and several studies related to the knowledge smoking frequency about danger of smoking, a person can be motivated to stop smoking by a high level of Data Collection Method knowledge because it’s one of the intrinsic This research data were collected using factors that builds up a motivation. consecutive sampling method. Knowledge Knowledge makes someone to have of smoking from each sample are assessed reason and foundation to make a choice, by International Tobacco Control’s such as for being motivated. Lack of questionnaire containing 13 questions4, knowledge and motivation leads to while the motivation on smoking cessation inappropriate behavior because there is no containing 11 questions are assessed using basis for positive values from the knowledge ATC Center for Tobacco Treatment, they get. Someone's behavior and actions Education, and Research Questionnaire will be better if it’s based on knowledge and (Tobacco Use Context Section E number 11 motivation. The higher one's knowledge will and Tobacco Quitting History Section F)5. contribute to the next behavior which will The ways of working and data collection ultimately give an impact. Knowledge is also technique include : closely related to education, where it is 1. Lung department patients in Siloam expected that with higher education, a General Hospital (aged 15-64 y.o) person will have broader level of 2. Samples taken by consecutive knowledge. However, it needs to be sampling emphasized, it does not mean that 3. Fulfilled inclusion criteria someone with low education has an 4. Informed Consent absolute lower knowledge.3 5. Fulfilled questionnaire of knowledge Knowledge about smoking is the first about the danger of smoking (ITC) and step for smokers to be motivated on the motivation on smoking cessation smoking cessation, if the knowledge in (ATC Center for Tobacco Treatment, providing motivation is not good enough, it Education, and Research). would makes that person not being able to 6. Checking the completeness of the stop smoking.3 questionnaire. 7. Analysing data and result interpretation Objective Data Analysis Determining the relationship between the Data obtained were processed and level of knowledge on the health effects of analyzed using Statistical Program for smoking with motivation to stop smoking in Social Science (SPSS) 22.0 ex-smokers of lung department at Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village. Result and Discussion Samples included in this research were part Methodology of research target population. A total sample of 138 people were included in data Design processing. Data on age, sex, education, The research is a categorical analytic with job, economics, knowledge about the cross-sectional study design. danger of smoking, and motivation to stop smoking