IEEE MICROWAVE MAGAZINE THE BREADTH OF MTT VOLUME 21 • NUMBER 11 • NOVEMBER 2020 SETS NEW STANDARDS IN SPECTRUM ANALYSIS USB Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer & Vector Signal Generator Includes PC software “RTSA-Suite PRO” ✔ RF Frequency range of 10 MHz to 6 GHz ✔ Dual USB 3.0 streaming ✔ Continuous 245 MHz true I/Q streaming ✔ 1 THz/s sweep speed ✔ Simultaneous measurement of multiple bands ✔ 120 MHz Vector Signal Generator www.aaronia.com/v6 TINY Wideband Transformers& Baluns! The Industry’s Widest Selection DC to 24 GHz Consistent performance across very wide frequency bands Over 300 models in stock including a wide range of MMIC, LTCC, and core-and-wire designs RoHS compliant. (718) 934-4500 [email protected] www.minicircuits.com 528_Rev F Microwave Magazine and MTT Society Officers Editor Robert H. Caverly, Villanova University, [email protected] Assistant Editor Sharri Shaw, JWM Consulting LLC, [email protected] Associate Editors Nuño Borges Carvalho, University of Aveiro, Portugal, [email protected] Simone Bastioli, RS Microwave, New Jersey, Volume 21 • Number 11 • November 2020 • ISSN 1527-3342 United States, [email protected] Chia-Chan Chang, National Chung-Cheng University, Taiwan, [email protected] Ali Darwish, American University in Cairo, Egypt, [email protected] Christian Fager, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, [email protected] features Mohammad S. Hashmi, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi, India, [email protected] 22 The 3D Smith Chart Jianguo Ma, Guangdong University of Technology, China, [email protected] From Theory to Experimental Reality Alfy Riddle, Quanergy Systems, Inc., Sunnyvale, Andrei A. Muller, Victor Asavei, Alin Moldoveanu, California, [email protected] Esther Sanabria-Codesal, Riyaz A. Khadar, Cornel Popescu, Luca Roselli, University of Perugia, Italy, [email protected]; [email protected] Dan Dascalu, and Adrian M. Ionescu Kamal Samanta, Sony Europe, United Kingdom, [email protected] Almudena Suarez, University of Cantabria, Spain, [email protected] 36 Periodic Structures With Higher Anding Zhu, University College Dublin, Ireland, [email protected] Symmetries Columns and Departments Their Applications in Electromagnetic Devices MicroBusiness Fred Schindler, Oscar Quevedo-Teruel, Guido Valerio, Zvonimir Sipus, [email protected] and Eva Rajo-Iglesias Health Matters James C. Lin, University of Illinois-Chicago, [email protected] Microwave Surfing 50 Balanced to Unbalanced Rajeev Bansal, University of Connecticut, [email protected] An Overview of Multifunctional Wideband Book Reviews Balanced-to-Unbalanced Four- and Five-Port James Chu, Kennesaw State University, [email protected] Filtering Power Dividers Education Corner Wenjie Feng, Wenquan Che, Yongrong Shi, Quan Xue, Rashaunda Henderson, University of Texas Dallas, [email protected] Xiu Yin Zhang, and Xin Yu Zhou Women in Microwaves Wenquan Che, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, [email protected] Membership News Bela Szendrenyi, Advantest, [email protected] New Products Ken Mays, The Boeing Company, [email protected] In Memoriam Contributions Jerry Hausner, [email protected] Ombuds Officer Edward C. Niehenke, Niehenke Consulting, [email protected] IEEE Periodicals Magazines Department Mark Gallaher, Managing Editor Geraldine Krolin-Taylor, Senior Managing Editor Janet Dudar, Senior Art Director Gail A. Schnitzer, Associate Art Director Theresa L. Smith, Production Coordinator Felicia Spagnoli, Advertising Production Manager Peter M. Tuohy, Production Director Kevin Lisankie, Editorial Services Director Dawn M. Melley, Staff Director, Publishing Operations Advertising Sales Mark David, Director, Business Development— Media & Advertising +1 732 465 6473, fax +1 732 981 1855 Promoting Sustainable Forestry on the cover: Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MMM.2020.3015075 SFI-01681 ©SHUTTERSTOCK/AUDRIUS MERFELDAS IEEE prohibits discrimination, harassment, and bullying. For more information, visit http://www.ieee November 2020 .org/web/about us/whatis/policies/p9-26.html. 3 columns & departments 6 From the Editor’s Desk ■ Robert H. Caverly IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society The IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (MTT-S) is Welcome to the November Issue an organization, within the framework of the IEEE, of mem bers with principal professional interests in the field of microwave theory and techniques. All Members of the IEEE are eligible for 10 President’s Column membership in the Society. Information about joining the IEEE ■ Alaa Abunjaileh or the Society is available on the web, http://www.ieee.org/ The 2020 MTT-S Strategic Plan membership. MTT-S AdCom 13 MicroBusiness The Society is managed by an Administrative Committee ■ (AdCom) consisting of 21 elected members of the Society Fred Schindler plus additional ex-officio members as provided in the MTT-S Leading and Misleading Constitution and Bylaws, which is available on the web, http://www.mtt.org. 15 Microwave Surfing Officers ■ President: Alaa Abunjaileh Rajeev Bansal President-Elect: Gregory Lyons What Is the IEEE Committee on Man Secretary: Sridhar Kanamaluru Treasurer: Maurizio Bozzi and Radiation? Elected Members Alaa Abunjaileh Gregory Lyons 58 Awards Scott Barker Raafat Mansour IEEE Fellow Alexander I. Nosich Elected Maurizio Bozzi Julio Navarro Nuno Borges Carvalho Daniel Pasquet a Fellow of the Optical Society Goutam Chattopadhyay Ajay Poddar Wenquan Che Sanjay Raman 60 Educator’s Corner Terry Cisco Jose Rayas-Sanchez Ramesh Gupta Atsushi Sanada ■ Takashi Ohira Rashaunda Henderson Peter Siegel A Radio Engineer’s Voyage to Sherry Hess Anding Zhu Dietmar Kissinger Double-Century-Old Plane Geometry Ex Officio Members (with vote) Immediate Past Presidents: Dominique Schreurs (2018–2019) 68 MTT-S Society News Dylan Williams (2017) ■ Goutam Chattopadhyay and Ke Wu (2016) Honorary Life Members: Józef Modelski Robert H. Caverly John T. Barr IV Spotlight on MTT-S Administrative Tatsuo Itoh Richard Sparks Committees Peter Staecker IEEE Trans. Microwave 72 Around the Globe Theory & Techniques Editor: Jianguo Ma ■ David O. Forfar IEEE Microwave & Wireless Components Letters Editor: Thomas Zwick Maxwell, Einstein, Newton, and Faraday IEEE Microwave Magazine Editor: Robert H. Caverly IEEE Trans. Terahertz Science & Technology Editor: Imran Mehdi 75 New Products IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, ■ Ken Mays, Editor RF, and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Editor: J.-C. Chiao IEEE Journal on Multiscale and 78 Enigmas, etc. Multiphysics Computational ■ Takashi Ohira Techniques Editor: Costas Sarris Impedance Plane IEEE Microwave Magazine (ISSN 1527-3342) (IEMMFF) is published 12 times a year by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Headquarters: 3 Park 81 Conference Calendar Avenue, 17th Floor, New York, NY 10016-5997 USA. Responsibility for the contents rests upon the authors and not upon the IEEE, the Society, or its members. IEEE Service Center (for orders, subscriptions, address changes): 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854. Telephone: +1 732 981 0060, +1 800 678 4333. Individual copies: IEEE members US$20.00 (first copy only), nonmembers US$35.00 per copy. 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Postmaster: Send address changes to IEEE Microwave Magazine, IEEE Operations Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Canadian GST #125634188 PRINTED IN THE USA Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MMM.2020.3015076 4 November 2020 5G Revolution and BeRex Solution 5G MCM, etc. IoT Front-end Module, Switch, etc. Military / Satellite Power and LNA Transistor, etc. Wireless Infrastructure RF Amplifier, Mixer, Divider, Switch, etc. www.BeRex.com USA 408) 452-5595 / 657) 235-8222 KOR 82-2-568-2754 E-mail [email protected] Welcome to the November Issue ■ Robert H. Caverly elcome to the November review or tutorial that appeals to a wide chart on paper, in their article “The 3D issue of IEEE Microwave audience. The material covered in the Smith Chart: From Theory to Experi- WMagazine! This is one of our feature should also fall within the IEEE mental Reality,” Andrei Muller and “The Breadth of Microwave Theory Microwave Theory and Techniques So- his coauthors take us on an explora- and Techniques (MTT)” issues in ciety’s (MTT-S’s) field of interest (https:// tion of the 3D Smith chart. Prof. Muller which we publish articles on a variety www.mtt.org/field-intereststatement/). et al. show us its origins and use in sev- of topics. These articles are unsolicited Technical features should pres- eral familiar design examples. The and submitted by authors wishing to ent a balanced picture second technical feature,