D E V O L U M E 12 PAUL UNIVERSITY 2019 Creating K nowledge D E PAUL UNIVERSITY THE LAS JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE THE LAS Creating Knowledge THE LAS JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP V O L U M E 12 | 2 0 1 9 CREATING KNOWLEDGE The LAS Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship 2019 EDITOR Lisa J.M. Poirier ART JURORS Chi Jang Yin, Coordinator Steve Harp Jessica Larva COPY EDITORS Eric Canan Mina Kalkatechi Jessica Watson TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 Foreword, by Dean Guillermo Vásquez de Velasco, PhD STUDENT RESEARCH 8 Sam Christenson Excessive Invocations: The Contemporary Cultural Politics of Sampling (American Studies Program) 18 Michaela J. Milligan Navigating the Chinese Dream in Xiaobei (Department of Anthropology) 26 Michaela J. Milligan “上火”：中医概念和汉语语言 (Chinese Program, Department of Modern Languages) 30 Miriam Cortinovis Reclaiming the House: Domesticity and Emancipation in Dickens’s Bleak House (Department of English) 38 Joseph Schafer Une Interprétation Hermétique et Ésotérique Du Lai Lanval de Marie de France (French Program, Department of Modern Languages) 44 Taylor Armbruster Analyzing Tourist Imaginaries through Instagram: The Case of Machu Picchu (Department of Geography) 54 Akiva Mattenson Das Fremde in Vielen Farben: Eine Reise in Die Bedeutung Des Fremden (German Program, Department of Modern Languages) 60 Florentine Gradischnig Max Beckmann: Selbstporträt (German Program, Department of Modern Languages) 64 V. Thomas The Scream of Matter Itself: Kazuo Shiraga and Individualism in Post-War Japan (Department of History of Art and Architecture) 73 Anna Rose McGoldrick Analyzing Saudi Arabian and US Media Frames: The Case of Jamal Khashoggi (Department of International Studies) 83 Caitlin Stout The Old and the New: Irish Traditions in Contemporary Culture (Irish Studies Program) 89 Leslie Sagastume La Letteratura Sul Comportamento E L’avvento Della Borghesia Cortigiana Nel Rinascimento Italiano (Italian Program, Department of Modern Languages) 97 Jessica Cano Revisiting Yoshimoto Banana’s Kitchen (Japanese Studies, Department of Modern Languages) 105 Ryan Ziencina Henry Blake Fuller: Feeling Backward in Chicago (LGBTQ Studies Program) 113 Karla Velasco Honoring the Stories of the Forgotten Womxn of Latin America: The Revolutionary Chingonas of Mexico and Argentina (Department of Latin American and Latino Studies) 121 Zachary Piccozzi Student Debt and the Need for Tuition Justice (Peace, Justice, and Conflict Studies Program) 129 Heather Slawny The Human Condition of Birth: Implications of the Male Appropriation of Maternity (Department of Philosophy) 139 Muhammad R. Khan Battling the Contagion: The Salafi-Jihadist Threat and Countering the Ideology (Department of Political Science) 149 Melissa Sztuk Ideology Manifest: The Grupo De Pintores ¡30-30! and the Avant- Garde Manifesto in Mexico (Spanish Program, Department of Modern Languages) 157 Shelby Hofman Palestinian Midwives as Resistance Actors (Women's and Gender Studies Program) 167 Deyana Atanasova Rap: Remixed and Reloaded (Department of Writing, Rhetoric, and Discourse) TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) STUDENT ARTWORK Cover Kimberly Nguyen Wire Park 16 Kacey Arnold Organic Mechanisms 17 Ceargio Bagenda Foreign Spaces 25 Mitch Buangsuwon My Grandmother In Her Home 29 Ceargio Bagenda The Walk 43 Jill Malinowski Umbilical 72 Michael Brewer Figure 1 82 Jillian Bridgeman HerAsGray 95 Alexandria Dravillas Untitled 96 Jill Malinowski Kahil Gibran 112 Nicolina Balazs Blight 128 Vanessa Wilder 2 find u 148 Jillian Bridgeman Experimental gray 156 Mitch Buangsuwon Bamboo in The Mae Kuang Reservoir 166 Anna Peterson Pang 3 FOREWORD Dear Students, Colleagues, Alumni and Friends, Mitchell Goldberg, chair of our LAS external advisory board, makes constant use of the phrase “It is a DePaul thing” to identify the many things that DePaul in general, and LAS in particular, does in response to the Vincentian question, “What’s to be done?” Our motto, “Here, We Do,” is a celebration of that mindset. It is a well-deserved celebration because it is a demonstrable fact, and Creating Knowledge is evidence of it. Every institution of higher education seeks to raise awareness and provide understanding of the world around us. That is a common thing. A subset of those institutions take that understanding of the world and use it as an actionable platform for the creation of new knowledge that comes back to further feed into our awareness and understanding of the world. To meet this critical need, our faculty, in some measure, carry the responsibility of fulfilling a scholarship agenda. We seek to be teacher-scholars, which is also a common thing. Yet in LAS, we go beyond providing our students with awareness and understanding; we take them that extra step into creating knowledge and disseminating it so it can be put to use. We ask our undergraduate students to join our faculty in this creative endeavor not only from the perspective of their own field of study, but also in multidisciplinary intersections—intersections as rich and complex as the world around us. That is a very “DePaul thing,” and this year’s Creating Knowledge, with its multidisciplinary richness, provides extraordinary evidence that indeed, “Here, We Do!” Creating Knowledge: The LAS Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship, was the product of a 2008 initiative aimed towards the goal of promoting research and creative endeavors among our undergraduate students. This volume marks our 12th anniversary of this unique publication. Within its pages, you will find 21 essays and 15 works of art representing advanced coursework produced in programs of the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences during the 2018-2019 academic year. All of the work presented here has been selected by department-based faculty committees as the best student work of the year, and all pieces have been revised under faculty supervision for publication. Most of the work has already been recognized through department awards and supported by undergraduate research and creative grants. The first footnote to each essay provides information about the class in which it was written and the process of selection and revision it underwent. Together, these works represent the intellectual depth, sophistication, and diversity for which our college is proudly recognized. The clearly visible academic rigor displayed in Creating Knowledge is dependent on the investment of time, intellect, and enthusiasm of our faculty and staf. I would like to express my profound gratitude to the more than 60 faculty who supported, reviewed, selected, and helped to edit this remarkable collection of student work. I am also deeply grateful to the Department of Art, Media and Design faculty who served as jurors of the artwork, and to the writing and publication students who proofread the volume. In particular, I would like to thank Lisa Poirier, who serves as editor of this volume, for putting out the call for submissions, supporting the faculty work of reviewing, selecting, and editing the student essays, and coordinating the production of the print and digital editions. I am sure, in the following pages, you will see the dedication and critical thought our featured students put into their work and how Creating Knowledge encourages and challenges their peers to build further on their accomplishments. I hope that our alumni and friends of the college will take this opportunity to celebrate the high quality of their college experience and support our current students through the establishment of scholarships, internships, and the inclusion of our graduating students in their long-term recruitment and hiring plans. We are a collection of perennial learners who find great joy in creating knowledge. It is my pleasure to invite you to enjoy this twelfth issue of Creating Knowledge: The LAS Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship. Sincerely, Guillermo Vásquez de Velasco, PhD Dean DEPAUL UNIVERSITY 7 EXCESSIVE INVOCATIONS: THE CONTEMPORARY CULTURAL POLITICS OF SAMPLING Sam Christenson* American Studies Program Introduction Power,” the lyrics of which call for a militant rejection of Most days, we all probably hear at least a musical sample hegemonic white power. Directly referencing the sample or two in the sounds that surround us. Be it from the radio, of Stubblefield in his opening verse, emcee Chuck D personal collections, or the latest Spotify playlist, the invokes the “sound of the funky drummer” to create practice of sampling is ubiquitous enough to be heard “music hitting your heart ’cause I know you got soul.” For in much of today’s popular music. Technically speaking, Public Enemy, sampling old funk and soul recordings sampling is simply the process of isolating part of an wasn’t just a production technique—it activated their existing recording to be mixed into a new composition. political message of black critical awareness by mining But a technical understanding of sampling is a partial the musical history of their forebears. one. Scholar Tricia Rose’s definition highlights its crucial cultural dimension: “For the most part, sampling . is Yet much has changed since Public Enemy’s day. Their about paying homage, an invocation of another’s voice collage-style beats employing numerous samples to help you say what you want to say.”1 Its commonplace per track, a sound defined by the group’s associated status in today's music was hard won — born out of production team The Bomb Squad, became financially politically charged hip-hop innovation and blighted by untenable shortly after