Linux From Scratch Versione 6.2 Gerard Beekmans Linux From Scratch: Versione 6.2 di Gerard Beekmans Copyright © 1999–2006 Gerard Beekmans Estratto Traduzione a cura del gruppo ILDP-LFS per l'Italian Linux Documentation Project (http://ildp.pluto.it/). Per maggiori informazioni, si visiti http://ildp.pluto.it/lfs/. Copyright (c) 1999–2006, Gerard Beekmans All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: • Redistributions in any form must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer • Neither the name of «Linux From Scratch» nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this material without specific prior written permission • Any material derived from Linux From Scratch must contain a reference to the «Linux From Scratch» project THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS «AS IS» AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. Linux From Scratch - Versione 6.2 Sommario Prefazione ................................................................................................................................................vii 1. Premessa ........................................................................................................................................vii 2. Audience .......................................................................................................................................viii 3. Prerequisiti ......................................................................................................................................ix 4. Requisiti del sistema host ................................................................................................................x 5. Tipografia .......................................................................................................................................xii 6. Struttura .........................................................................................................................................xiii 7. Errata .............................................................................................................................................xiv I. Introduzione ............................................................................................................................................1 1. Introduzione .....................................................................................................................................2 1.1. Come costruire un Sistema LFS .............................................................................................2 1.2. Risorse .....................................................................................................................................4 1.3. Aiuto .......................................................................................................................................5 II. Preparazione della costruzione ..............................................................................................................8 2. Preparazione di una nuova partizione ..............................................................................................9 2.1. Introduzione ............................................................................................................................9 2.2. Creazione di una nuova partizione ........................................................................................10 2.3. Creazione di un file system sulla partizione .........................................................................11 2.4. Montaggio della nuova partizione ........................................................................................12 3. Pacchetti e patch ............................................................................................................................13 3.1. Introduzione ..........................................................................................................................13 3.2. Tutti i pacchetti .....................................................................................................................14 3.3. Patch necessarie ....................................................................................................................21 4. Ultimi preparativi ...........................................................................................................................25 4.1. $LFS ......................................................................................................................................25 4.2. Creazione della directory $LFS/tools ...................................................................................26 4.3. Aggiunta dell'utente LFS ......................................................................................................27 4.4. Configurazione dell'ambiente ...............................................................................................28 4.5. SBU .......................................................................................................................................30 4.6. Le suite di test .......................................................................................................................31 5. Costruzione di un sistema temporaneo ..........................................................................................32 5.1. Introduzione ..........................................................................................................................32 5.2. Note tecniche sulla Toolchain ...............................................................................................33 5.3. Binutils-2.16.1 - Passo 1 .......................................................................................................36 5.4. GCC-4.0.3 - Passo 1 ..............................................................................................................38 5.5. Linux-Libc-Headers-2.6.12.0 ................................................................................................40 5.6. Glibc-2.3.6 ............................................................................................................................41 5.7. Regolazione della toolchain ..................................................................................................44 5.8. Tcl-8.4.13 ..............................................................................................................................46 5.9. Expect-5.43.0 ........................................................................................................................48 5.10. DejaGNU-1.4.4 ...................................................................................................................50 5.11. GCC-4.0.3 - Passo 2 ............................................................................................................51 5.12. Binutils-2.16.1 - Passo 2 .....................................................................................................54 5.13. Ncurses-5.5 .........................................................................................................................55 5.14. Bash-3.1 ..............................................................................................................................56 5.15. Bzip2-1.0.3 ..........................................................................................................................57 5.16. Coreutils-5.96 ......................................................................................................................58 iii Linux From Scratch - Versione 6.2 5.17. Diffutils-2.8.1 ......................................................................................................................59 5.18. Findutils-4.2.27 ...................................................................................................................60 5.19. Gawk-3.1.5 ..........................................................................................................................61 5.20. Gettext-0.14.5 .....................................................................................................................62 5.21. Grep-2.5.1a .........................................................................................................................63 5.22. Gzip-1.3.5 ...........................................................................................................................64 5.23. M4-1.4.4 ..............................................................................................................................65 5.24. Make-3.80 ...........................................................................................................................66 5.25.