Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust Map of Europe Post World War I 1919 Review: Take 5 minutes with your group to ‘talk’ out the following Questions a. Explain 5 ways the Treaty of Versailles negatively impacted Germany. b. Describe Hitler’s Childhood through WWI. c. Explain what occurred during the Beer Hall Putsch in 1923. d. Within Hitler’s Autobiography Mein Kampf contains ideas that some refer to as the Nazi Creed. Identify 5 Beliefs found in the Creed and how they might affect the people of Germany if Hitler is Elected. (Guess) e. What is your Volk? Which 3 ways can your Volk classify you as? (ex. Culture _________) f. Describe the goal of Lebensraum g. How did Hitler encourage people to Increase the German Population Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust The Nazi Party Fades from Public View …for only a little while (Read) The failed beer hall putsch gave the Nazi party what they desired, recognition and upon his release for Jail six months later Adolf Hitler assumed that the majority of Germans would instantly embrace his ideals. However the National Socialist Workers Party would face a long struggle to stay in the political limelight. From 1925-1929, the German government had temporarily declared the Nazi party illegal, banned Hitler from Public Speaking events, and the German people more or less forgot about the so called revolution. In 1928 during the fall elections the Nazi party hoped to prove its mettle by winning a majority of the 608 seats within the German Legislative branch known as the Reichstag. Unfortunately the Nazi’s would be disappointed only winning ______seats far short of the majority necessary to complete their national vision. Discuss what ‘lucky break’ occurs in 1929 and how the Nazi’s could use the event to their political advantage? Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust (Read) Within 3 years of the world wide stock market crash the Nazi Party would capitalize encouraging depressed citizens to vote for the future of their nation. In July 1932 a new election is held as the Nazi Party looks to win the majority of the seats in the Reichstag. Using the 1932 Election Results chart below answer the following questions… a. Which Party wins the Majority of the Vote? Why do you think so? b. Which Party wins the Least amount of the Vote? Why do you think so? c. If you were Hitler during the next election how do you get people from opposing parties to change their vote to your party. Brainstorm 3 ideas. Canidate Name Paul Von Hindenberg Adolf Hitler Ernest Thalmann Party Independent Party NSDAP- Nazi Party KPV- Communist Party Popular Vote 19,359,983 13,418,517 3,706,759 53.0% 36.8% 10.2% Percentage of Vote Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust (Read) The results of the 1932 an election proved that the Nazi party was gaining ground as the party won an astounding __________ seats (out of a total of ______ in the Reichstag) but still short of the majority the party was looking for. Fortunately due to the results no other political party won the majority so the government would be forced to merge parties making a collation party. On January 30, 1933 the aging President Hindenberg named Adolf Hitler the new ___________ of Germany despite his own reservations. Quickly Hitler called for new elections on March 5, 1933 with the intent to destroy his ‘competition’. Before he could do so he would need to devise a way to ‘motivate’ the people. In your own words describe what occurred on the night of February 24, 1933 and how this event would transform Germany. (Translation of Article 48) (Read) Within 24 hours If a state (8) does not fulfill the President Hindenberg signed an obligations laid upon it by the emergency law called the Reich constitution or the Reich ‘Law for the Protection of the laws, the Reich President may People and the State’. use armed force to cause it to oblige. Under this law a clause known as Article 48 would drastically change In case public safety is people’s lives for the better??? seriously threatened or disturbed, the Reich President In your own words explain what the may take the measures law was originally designed to do, necessary to reestablish law how the law would be implemented, and order, if necessary using and how the law could potentially be armed force. In the pursuit of used for the wrong purposes. this aim he may suspend the civil rights described in articles 114 154, partially or entirely. Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust The German Elections of March 5, 1933 (Read) According to Chancellor Hitler the ‘Emergency Election’ of 1933 was necessary due to the scare of a new Communist Revolt since the burning of the Reichstag building the previous month. Over 17.25 million citizens voted for Hitler causing the Nazi’s to win ______ seats but unfortunately were still short of a majority needed. How did Hitler eventually receive the 52% of votes he needed? Within weeks Chancellor Hitler called upon the predominantly Nazi controlled Reichstag to pass then enact a little known emergency power found within the Weimar Republic’s constitution known as the ‘Enabling Act’ which would give the Chancellor the power to ‘fight the crisis of the people and the state’. What does the ‘Enabling Act’ really do?? Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust The End of the German Democracy is met with….Applause??? (Read) Due to the ‘Enabling Act’ the Weimar Republic, its Constitution, and its Democracy were basically dead as the newly established T________ R________ or ________ ______would begin which according to Hitler will last over ___________ years!!!!! Only two problems remained the aging President Hindenberg and the internal threat of Hitler’s own guard Sturmabteilung (S.A.) his Storm troopers. By July 1934 President Hindenberg lay on his death bed while his proud Prussian Generals would never command the Brown Shirt thugs. Making a bargain with the military Hitler promised to eliminate his personal army if the Prussian Generals would pledge alliance to Hitler once Hindenberg was dead. The naive Generals agreed as Hitler’s newly formed S.S. units began the massacre of the Storm troopers known as the ‘Night of the Long Knives’ which purged the last remains of the Brown Shirts including its leader Ernest Rohm off the face of the earth. On August 2, 1934 ______________ died. Within 24 hours Hitler legally was voted the ‘Reichsfuehrer’ which combined both the offices of the Chancellor and President into one. (above) (above) Ernest ‘Reichsfuehrer’ Rohm Insignia Directions: Using the Cartoon to the right assess how this cartoon relates to the means in which Hitler came to power in 1934 Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust The Major Leaders of the Nazi Party Nazi Party Job Description & Roles in the Reich War Crimes End of WWII or Leader Title Committed Early Demise Herman Goering Josef Goebbels Reinhard Heydrich Ernst Kaltenbrunner Adolf Eichmann Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust Nazi Party Job Description & Roles in the Reich War Crimes End of WWII or Leader Title Committed Early Demise Heinrich Himmler Albert Speer Rudoff Hess Alfred Rosenberg Wilhelm Frick Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust All about Hitler’s Elite ‘S.S’. or the ‘Schutzstaffel’ Units (Read) Founded in 1925, the "Schutzstaffel," German for "Protective Echelon," initially served as Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler's (1889-1945) personal bodyguards, and later became one of the most powerful and feared organizations in all of Nazi Germany. Heinrich Himmler a fervent anti-Semite like Hitler became head of the Schutzstaffel, or SS, in 1929 and expanded the group's role and size. Recruits, who had to prove none of their ancestors were Jewish, received military training and were also taught they were the elite not only of the Nazi Party but of all humankind. By the start of World War II (1939-45), the SS had more than 250,000 members and multiple subdivisions, engaged in activities ranging from intelligence operations to running Nazi concentration camps. At the postwar Nuremberg trials, the SS was deemed a criminal organization for its direct involvement in war crimes The Creation of the Hitler Youth Group (Read) The Hitler Youth was a logical extension of Hitler’s belief that the future of Nazi Germany was in fact its children. From the beginning Hitler made it clear as to what he expected German children to be like: "The weak must be chiseled away. I want young men and women who can suffer pain. A young German must be as swift as a greyhound, as tough as leather, and as hard as Krupp's steel." -Hitler Education would only be the beginning as Hitler wanted to influence the mind as well. Movements for youngsters were always an important part of German culture (as in America including the Boy Scouts) and the Hitler Youth had been created around1925. Within 8 years over 100,000 were members and once Hitler passed the Enabling Act all other groups were abolished. Unit IV: The Nazi Rise to Power Mr. Meetze Nazi’s & the Holocaust Hitler’s Master Plan for Europe Review: What were Hitler’s major Goals for Europe and then the World? (Read) The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW) or German Military High Command concluded that at present time (1934) Germany could not win a long term war without major Political, Economic, and Social restructuring.