JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY THE STUDY ON REGIONAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR ADANA-MERSIN IN THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY FINAL REPORT VOLUME II MAIN REPORT JANUARY 2000 KOKUSAI KOGYO CO., LTD. The Study on Regional Solid Waste JICA Management for Adana-Mersin in the Republic of Turkey KOKUSAI KOGYO CO., LTD. The Study on Regional Solid Waste Management for Adana-Mersin in the Republic of Turkey List of Volumes Volume I Executive Summary Volume II Main Report Volume III Annex Volume IV Data Book This is the Main Report. In this Report, the project cost is estimated by using the price as of the end of May 1999 and the exchange rate of US$ 1.00 = 120.0 Japanese Yen = 407,000 Turkish Lire(TL.). The Study on Regional Solid Waste JICA Management for Adana-Mersin in the Republic of Turkey KOKUSAI KOGYO CO., LTD. Contents Preface Letter of Transmittal List of Volumes Maps Plates Plate 1 : Field Investigations (1) Waste Amount and Composition Survey Plate2 : Field Investigations (2) Survey on Medical Institutions and T&M Survey Plate 3 : Field Investigations (3) Recycling Activities Survey Plate 4 : Field Investigations (4) Survey for the EIA Plate 5 : Current SWM in Adana Plate 6 : Current SWM in Mersin Plate 7 : Pilot Project in Adana (1) Plate 8 : Pilot Project in Adana (2) Plate 9 : Pilot Project in Mersin Plate 10 : Sofulu Overall Site Development Plan Plate 11 : Cimsa Overall Site Development Plan Page : PART I Current Situation of the Solid Waste Management 1 Introduction......................................................................................1-1 1.1 Background......................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Scope of the Study...........................................................................................................1-2 1.2.1 Objectives of the Study...............................................................................................1-2 1.2.2 Study Area ..................................................................................................................1-2 1.2.3 Solid Waste to be Covered Under the Study ..............................................................1-2 1.2.4 Target Year .................................................................................................................1-2 1.3 Policies of the Study ........................................................................................................1-2 1.4 Work Schedule of the Study............................................................................................1-5 1.5 Study Organisation and Persons Involved .......................................................................1-7 1.5.1 Study Organisation......................................................................................................1-7 1.5.2 Persons Involved.........................................................................................................1-7 1.6 Reports.............................................................................................................................1-9 1.7 Technology Transfer........................................................................................................1-9 2 Profile of the Study Area..................................................................2-1 2.1 Study Area and Target Area.............................................................................................2-1 2.1.1 Division of Municipalities ..........................................................................................2-1 2.1.2 Study Area and Target Area........................................................................................2-1 i The Study on Regional Solid Waste JICA Management for Adana-Mersin in the Republic of Turkey KOKUSAI KOGYO CO., LTD. 2.2 Adana Greater Municipality ............................................................................................2-1 2.2.1 Natural Conditions......................................................................................................2-1 2.2.2 Social Conditions........................................................................................................2-5 2.2.3 Population .................................................................................................................2-11 2.2.4 City Development M/P .............................................................................................2-14 2.2.5 Housing Conditions and Urban Structure.................................................................2-14 2.2.6 Economic Conditions................................................................................................2-18 2.3 Mersin Greater Municipality..........................................................................................2-25 2.3.1 Natural Conditions....................................................................................................2-25 2.3.2 Social Conditions......................................................................................................2-26 2.3.3 Population .................................................................................................................2-32 2.3.4 City Development M/P .............................................................................................2-34 2.3.5 Housing Conditions and Urban Structure.................................................................2-36 2.3.6 Economic Conditions................................................................................................2-38 3 Findings through Field Investigations...............................................3-1 3.1 Waste Amount and Composition Survey (WACS) .........................................................3-1 3.1.1 Method of the Survey..................................................................................................3-1 3.1.2 Results of the Survey ..................................................................................................3-2 3.2 Public Opinion Survey (POS)..........................................................................................3-5 3.3 Opinion Survey on Medical Institutions..........................................................................3-7 3.4 Time and Motion Survey.................................................................................................3-7 3.5 Compost Market Survey..................................................................................................3-8 3.5.1 Objectives of the Survey.............................................................................................3-8 3.5.2 Method of the Survey..................................................................................................3-9 3.5.3 Results of the Survey ..................................................................................................3-9 3.6 Survey on Recycling System ...........................................................................................3-9 3.6.1 Objectives of the Survey.............................................................................................3-9 3.6.2 Method of the Survey................................................................................................3-10 3.6.3 Results of the Survey ................................................................................................3-10 3.7 Survey on Scavengers....................................................................................................3-14 3.7.1 Objectives of the Survey...........................................................................................3-14 3.7.2 Method of the Survey................................................................................................3-14 3.7.3 Scavengers in the Cities (Street Waste Pickers) .......................................................3-14 3.7.4 Scavengers at the Final Disposal Site .......................................................................3-15 4 Present SWM Conditions.................................................................4-1 4.1 Present SWM Conditions ................................................................................................4-1 4.1.1 Present Waste Stream .................................................................................................4-1 4.1.2 Present SWM Conditions ...........................................................................................4-4 4.2 Assessment of Present SWM Conditions ......................................................................4-11 ii The Study on Regional Solid Waste JICA Management for Adana-Mersin in the Republic of Turkey KOKUSAI KOGYO CO., LTD. PART II The Solid Waste Management Master Plan 5 Planning Frameworks for a SWM Master Plan ................................5-1 5.1 For Adana GM.................................................................................................................5-1 5.1.1 Siting of Future SWM Facilities.................................................................................5-1 5.1.2 Forecast of Future Waste Amount and Composition..................................................5-5 5.1.3 Forecast of Medical Waste Generation.......................................................................5-8 5.1.4 Other Pre-conditions ...................................................................................................5-8