This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication IEC/TR 61850-90-4 ® Edition 1.0 2013-08 TECHNICAL REPORT colour inside Communication networks and systems for power utility automation – Part 90-4: Network engineering guidelines INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION PRICE CODE XH ICS 33.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-0903-5 Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. ® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication – 2 – TR 61850-90-4 © IEC:2013(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD ......................................................................................................................... 12 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 14 1 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 15 2 Normative references ..................................................................................................... 16 3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and conventions .......................................................... 19 3.1 Terms and definitions ............................................................................................ 19 3.2 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................ 22 3.3 Conventions .......................................................................................................... 25 3.3.1 Network diagram symbols .......................................................................... 25 3.3.2 Port and link symbols ................................................................................ 26 3.3.3 Bridges symbols ........................................................................................ 26 4 Overview of IEC 61850 networks .................................................................................... 27 4.1 Logical allocation of functions and interfaces ......................................................... 27 4.2 IEC 61850 protocol stack ...................................................................................... 29 4.2.1 General ..................................................................................................... 29 4.2.2 IEC 61850 traffic classes ........................................................................... 29 4.2.3 MMS protocol ............................................................................................ 30 4.2.4 GOOSE protocol ........................................................................................ 30 4.2.5 SV protocol ................................................................................................ 32 4.3 Station bus and process bus ................................................................................. 32 5 Network design checklist ................................................................................................ 34 5.1 Design principles ................................................................................................... 34 5.2 Engineering flow .................................................................................................... 34 5.3 Checklist to be observed ....................................................................................... 35 5.3.1 Summary ................................................................................................... 35 5.3.2 Environmental issues ................................................................................ 36 5.3.3 EMI immunity ............................................................................................. 36 5.3.4 Form factor ................................................................................................ 36 5.3.5 Physical media .......................................................................................... 36 5.3.6 Substation application and network topology ............................................. 36 5.3.7 Redundancy .............................................................................................. 37 5.3.8 Reliability, availability, maintainability ........................................................ 37 5.3.9 Logical data flows and traffic patterns ........................................................ 37 5.3.10 Latency for different types of traffic ........................................................... 37 5.3.11 Performance .............................................................................................. 37 5.3.12 Network management ................................................................................ 38 5.3.13 Network supervision .................................................................................. 38 5.3.14 Time synchronization and accuracy ........................................................... 38 5.3.15 Remote connectivity .................................................................................. 38 5.3.16 Cyber security ........................................................................................... 38 5.3.17 Scalability, upgradeability and future-proof ................................................ 39 5.3.18 Testing ...................................................................................................... 39 5.3.19 Cost .......................................................................................................... 39 6 Ethernet technology for substations ................................................................................ 39 6.1 Ethernet subset for substation automation ............................................................. 39 6.2 Topology ............................................................................................................... 39 This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication TR 61850-90-4 © IEC:2013(E) – 3 – 6.3 Physical layer ........................................................................................................ 41 6.3.1 Data rate and medium ............................................................................... 41 6.3.2 Full-duplex communication and auto-negotiation ....................................... 41 6.3.3 Copper cabling at 100 Mbit/s ..................................................................... 41 6.3.4 Optical cabling at 100 Mbit/s (100BASE-FX) .............................................. 42 6.3.5 Optical cabling at 1 Gbit/s (1000BASE-LX) ................................................ 44 6.3.6 Copper cabling at 1 Gbit/s ......................................................................... 44 6.4 Link layer .............................................................................................................. 44 6.4.1 Unicast and multicast MAC addresses ....................................................... 44 6.4.2 Link layer and bridges ............................................................................... 45 6.4.3 Bridging nodes .......................................................................................... 45 6.4.4 Loop prevention and RSTP ........................................................................ 45 6.4.5 Traffic control in the bridges ...................................................................... 47 6.4.6 Unicast MAC address filtering .................................................................... 47 6.4.7 Multicast MAC address filtering ................................................................. 47 6.4.8 Virtual LANs (VLANS) traffic control .......................................................... 48 6.4.9 Comparison VLAN versus multicast filtering............................................... 53 6.4.10 Layer 2 redundancy protocols .................................................................... 53 6.5 Network layer ........................................................................................................ 57 6.5.1 Internet protocol ........................................................................................ 57 6.5.2 IP public and private addresses ................................................................. 57 6.5.3 Subnet masks ............................................................................................ 58 6.5.4 Network address translation ...................................................................... 59 7 Network and substation topologies ................................................................................. 59 7.1 General rule .......................................................................................................... 59 7.2 Reference topologies and network redundancy...................................................... 60 7.3 Reference topologies ............................................................................................ 64 7.3.1 Station bus topologies ............................................................................... 64 7.3.2 Process bus and attachment of primary equipment .................................... 77 7.3.3 Station bus and process bus connection .................................................... 92 8 Addressing in the substation ........................................................................................... 98 8.1 Network IP address plan for substations ...............................................................