University of California, Santa Cruz Dean E. McHenry Library HUBERT C. WYCKOFF, JR. ATTORNEY AND ARBITRATOR VOLUME II Interviewed by Randall Jarrell Edited by Randall Jarrell Doris Johnson Santa Cruz 1985 ii Hurbert C. Wyckoff, Jr. Washington, D.C. 1943 iii All uses of this manuscript are covered by an agreement between the Regents of the University of California and Hubert C. Wyckoff, Jr., dated March 28, 1978. The manuscript is thereby made available for research purposes. All the literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to the Dean E. McHenry Library of the University of California Santa Cruz. No part of the manuscript may be quoted for publication without the permission of the University Librarian of the University of California, Santa Cruz. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ VII EDUCATION ................................................................................................................................................................... 1 DECIDING UPON A CAREER ........................................................................................................................................1 UNDERGRADUATE YEARS: THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY .........................................................3 ROTC ........................................................................................................................................................................14 HARVARD UNIVERSITY LAW SCHOOL ........................................................................................................................18 HASTINGS LAW SCHOOL: 1925-1926 ..................................................................................................................24 THE CALIFORNIA BAR EXAM ....................................................................................................................................27 EARLY LEGAL PRACTICE -- SANTA CRUZ COUNTY .................................................................................... 29 WATSONVILLE: WYCKOFF, GARDNER, AND PARKER ................................................................................................29 SANTA CRUZ ..............................................................................................................................................................31 SAN FRANCISCO ....................................................................................................................................................... 40 1928: ASSISTANT U.S. ATTORNEY -- SAN FRANCISCO ..................................................................................40 MARRIAGE -- LIFE IN SAN FRANCISCO ...............................................................................................................42 PRIVATE LEGAL PRACTICE IN SAN FRANCISCO ....................................................................................................44 SOCIAL AND CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES ...................................................................................................................51 THE UNIVERSITY CLUB ............................................................................................................................................52 SOUTH END ROWING CLUB .......................................................................................................................................55 A PERSONAL RECOLLECTION: MATTHEW SCHMIDT ..................................................................................................57 THE MACAULEYS ........................................................................................................................................................74 EARLY LABOR ARBITRATION CASES ........................................................................................................................76 PEARL HARBOR ..........................................................................................................................................................81 THE WAR YEARS: WASHINGTON, D.C. .........................................................................................................82 WAR SHIPPING ADMINISTRATION ...................................................................................................................... 82 THE CREATION OF THE WAR SHIPPING ADMINISTRATION, 1942 .......................................................................82 PREWAR BACKGROUND OF U. S. MARITIME AFFAIRS ...........................................................................................84 THE ORIGINS OF FOREIGN FLAG SHIPPING: THE UNITED FRUIT COMPANY ....................................................85 U.S. MARITIME COMMISSION .................................................................................................................................87 PROBLEMS OF WARTIME MARITIME REGULATION: THE RED SEA CHARTERS ......................................................90 REGULATING REQUISITIONED OFFSHORE SHIPS: THE MERCHANT MARINE DEFINED AS CIVILIAN ADJUNCT TO THE MILITARY ..........................................................................................................................................................92 MARITIME LABOR RELATIONS ............................................................................................................................. 93 THE PROBLEM OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND WAR SHIPPING ADMINISTRATION VESSELS ..........................94 FINDING THE SOLUTION TO THE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING DILEMMA ................................................................97 WAR RISK BONUSES ..................................................................................................................................................99 SETTING WARTIME WAGES ......................................................................................................................................101 LIFE INSURANCE AND MERCHANT SEAMEN ............................................................................................................105 MEDAL AWARDS COMMITTEE ....................................................................................................................................109 v MERCHANT SHIPS IN THEATERS OF WAR ..............................................................................................................113 ESTABLISHING A LABOR RELATIONS POLICY .......................................................................................................122 SHIPPING COMPANIES ............................................................................................................................................124 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING: A THEOLOGICAL DIGRESSION ..............................126 HARRY LUNDEBERG ..................................................................................................................................................131 VINCENT MALONE ....................................................................................................................................................133 THE EAST COAST MARITIME UNIONS ....................................................................................................................134 MARITIME UNIONS AND POLITICAL ISSUES .........................................................................................................138 ADMIRAL EMORY S. LAND .....................................................................................................................................144 SOCIAL LIFE IN WASHINGTON, D.C. .......................................................................................................... 147 POSTWAR LABOR ARBITRATION ........................................................................................................................ 155 THE INFLUENCE OF THE WAR LABOR BOARD ........................................................................................................156 CLARK KERR ............................................................................................................................................................156 TRANSPORTATION AND HOTEL INDUSTRY ARBITRATION CASES ...........................................................................157 THE CONCEPT OF IMPARTIALITY IN ARBITRATION .............................................................................................160 WRITING AN ARBITRATION AWARD ........................................................................................................................164 PRECEDENT AS A FACTOR IN ARBITRATION .........................................................................................................164 THE CUTTER LABORATORIES CASE ........................................................................................................................167 THE NIGHT DIFFERENTIAL CASE FOR LOS ANGELES SUPERMARKETS .................................................................171 THE ISSUE OF COMPULSORY ARBITRATION ...........................................................................................................175 PUBLIC EMPLOYEES ................................................................................................................................................183 PROCEDURE AND AUTHORITY