Interpreting the Paleoenvironmental Context of Marine Shales

Interpreting the Paleoenvironmental Context of Marine Shales

University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations December 2012 Interpreting the Paleoenvironmental Context of Marine Shales Deposited During the Cambrian Radiation: Global Insights from Sedimentology, Paleoecology, and Geochemistry Tristan Kloss University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Kloss, Tristan, "Interpreting the Paleoenvironmental Context of Marine Shales Deposited During the Cambrian Radiation: Global Insights from Sedimentology, Paleoecology, and Geochemistry" (2012). Theses and Dissertations. 59. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/59 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. !"#$%&%$#!"'(#)$(&*+$,$"-!%,".$"#*+(/,"#$0#(,1(.*%!"$(2)*+$2(3$&,2!#$3( 34%!"'(#)$(/*.5%!*"(%*3!*#!,"6('+,5*+(!"2!')#2(1%,.(2$3!.$"#,+,'78( &*+$,$/,+,'78(*"3('$,/)$.!2#%7( ! 9:( ( #;<=>?@(ABC@(DEB==( *(3<==F;>?><B@(2G9H<>>FI(<@( &?;><?E(1GEJ<EEHF@>(BJ(>CF( %FKG<;FHF@>=(JB;(>CF(3FL;FF(BJ( ( 3BM>B;(BJ(&C<EB=BNC:( <@('FB=M<F@MF=( ( ?>( #CF(4@<OF;=<>:(BJ(P<=MB@=<@Q.<ER?GSFF( 3FMFH9F;(TUVT( ( ( *52#%*/#( !"#$%&%$#!"'(#)$(&*+$,$"-!%,".$"#*+(/,"#$0#(,1(.*%!"$(2)*+$2(3$&,2!#$3( 34%!"'(#)$(/*.5%!*"(%*3!*#!,"6('+,5*+(!"2!')#2(1%,.(2$3!.$"#,+,'78( &*+$,$/,+,'78(*"3('$,/)$.!2#%7( 9:( #;<=>?@(DEB==( ( #CF(4@<OF;=<>:(BJ(P<=MB@=<@Q.<ER?GSFF8(TUVT( 4@IF;(>CF(2GNF;O<=<B@(BJ(&;BJF==B;(2>FNCF@(WX(3B;@9B=( ( ( ( ( .?@:(/?H9;<?@(H?;<@F(=C?EF=(?;F(>;?I<><B@?EE:(>CBGLC>(>B(C?OF(9FF@(IFNB=<>FI( G@IF;(I:=BY<M(B;(?@BY<M(MB@I<><B@=(9?=FI(GNB@(<@>F;N;F>?><B@=(BJ(=FI<HF@>BEBL<M?E(?@I( <MC@BEBL<M?E(J?9;<M=X(%FMF@>E:(?(@GH9F;(BJ(LFBMCFH<M?E(=>GI<F=(C?OF(=GLLF=>FI(>CF( BNNB=<>F8(>C?>(=BHF(/?H9;<?@(H?;<@F(=C?EF=(RF;F(IFNB=<>FI(G@IF;(=E<LC>E:(BY<M(>B(RFEEQ BY:LF@?>FI(MB@I<><B@=X(3F=N<>F(>CF(=<L@<J<M?@>(<HNE<M?><B@=(;FIBY(MB@I<><B@=(C?OF(JB;( >CF(N?EFBF@O<;B@HF@>8(N?EFBFMBEBL:8(?@I(>?NCB@BH:(BJ(/?H9;<?@(=C?EF=8(;?;FE:(?;F( >CF=F(I<=N?;?>F(=FI<HF@>BEBL<M?E(?@I(LFBMCFH<M?E(?NN;B?MCF=(MBH9<@FI(JB;(I<;FM>( MBHN?;<=B@=(<@(?(=<@LGE?;(=>GI:(BJ(/?H9;<?@(=C?EF=X((*(HGE><I<=M<NE<@?;:(?NN;B?MC(<=(G=FI( CF;F8(MBH9<@<@L(=FI<HF@>BEBL<M?E8(N?EFBFMBEBL<M?E8(?@I(LFBMCFH<M?E(?NN;B?MCF=8(JB;(;FQ <@>F;N;F><@L(>CF(N?EFBF@O<;B@HF@>?E(MB@I<><B@=(BJ(@GHF;BG=(/?H9;<?@(H?;<@F(=C?EF=( ?==BM<?>FI(R<>C(FYMFN><B@?E(JB==<E(N;F=F;O?><B@X(2FI<HF@>BEBL<M?E(?@?E:=F=(<@I<M?>F(>C?>( HB=>(=C?EF=(LF@F;?EE:(E?MS(9<B>G;9?><B@(Z?OF;?LF(<MC@BJ?9;<M(<@IFY([V\8(R<>C(=BHF( FO<IF@MF(JB;(>CF(N;F=F@MF(BJ(H<M;B9<?E(H?>=8(=GLLF=><@L(>C?>(IFNB=<><B@?E(F@O<;B@HF@>=( RF;F(IBH<@?>FI(9:(&;B>F;B]B<MQ=>:EF(=G9=>;?>F=X(*@(?@?E:=<=(BJ(>CF(HB;NCBEBL<M?E( ?I?N>?><B@=(BJ(H?;<@F(9F@>C<M(MBHHG@<><F=(N;F=F;OFI(<@(/?H9;<?@(=C?EF=(IFHB@=>;?>F=( >C?>(HB=>(J?G@?=(FYC<9<>(?(H<Y>G;F(BJ(&;B>F;B]B<MQ(?@I(&C?@F;B]B<MQ=>:EF(?I?N><OF( =>;?>FL<F=8(RC<MC(<=(MB@=<=>F@>(R<>C(FYNFM>?><B@=(J;BH(>CF(/?H9;<?@(=G9=>;?>F( ;FOBEG><B@X('FBMCFH<M?E(?@?E:=<=(<@I<M?>F=(>C?>(/?H9;<?@(=C?EF=(RF;F(IFNB=<>FI(G@IF;(( ( <<( ( ( LF@F;?EE:(BY<M(MB@I<><B@=(?@I(@B>(G@IF;(?@BY<M(MB@I<><B@=(?=(>;?I<><B@?EE:(>CBGLC>X(#C<=(( ;F=GE>(=GNNB;>=(>CF(=FI<HF@>BEBL<M?E(?@I(N?EFBFMBEBL<M?E(<@>F;N;F>?><B@=(JB;(>CF( N;F=F@MF(BJ(&;B>F;B]B<MQ=>:EF(=G9=>;?>F=(<@(>CF=F(N?EFBF@O<;B@HF@>=X(,Y<M(IFNB=<><B@?E( MB@I<><B@=(NB=F(I<JJ<MGE><F=(JB;(>?NCB@BH<M(HBIFE=(RCF;F(?@BY<?(<=(?(N;F;FKG<=<>F(JB;( 52#(N;F=F;O?><B@X(*=(>CF=F(LFBMCFH<M?E(;F=GE>=(?;F(MB@=<=>F@>(R<>C(=<H<E?;(LFBMCFH<M?E( =>GI<F=(BJ(>CF(5G;LF==8(D<@]F;=8(?@I($HG(5?:(2C?EF=8(=F;<BG=(MB@=<IF;?><B@(HG=>(9F( H?IF(?=(>B(>CF(O?E<I<>:(BJ(?@BY<?Q9?=FI(>?NCB@BH<M(HBIFE=(?@I(BY<MQ9?=FI(>?NCB@BH<M( HBIFE=(=CBGEI(9F(MB@=<IF;FIX(#CF(G@<KGF(LFBMCFH<M?E(MB@I<><B@=(JBG@I(R<>C<@( H<M;B9<?EE:(HFI<?>FI(=G9=>;?>F=(H?:(BJJF;(?(O<?9EF(N?>CR?:(JB;(52#(N;F=F;O?><B@(G@IF;( BY<M(MB@I<><B@=8(?=(H<M;B9<?E(H?>=(RF;F(E<SFE:(?==BM<?>FI(R<>C(&;B>F;B]B<MQ=>:EF( =G9=>;?>F=(<@(/?H9;<?@(=C?EF=X(( ( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! <<<( ( ( ( #*5+$(,1(/,"#$"#2( +<=>(BJ(1<LG;F=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XX^^^^^^^^XXO<<( /C?N>F;(V6(!@>;BIGM><B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^^^XXV((( ( VXV(#CF(F?;E<F=>(JB==<E(;FMB;I(?@I(>CF(/?H9;<?@(%?I<?><B@^^^^^^^^^^XT((( ( VXT(*L;B@BH<M(%FOBEG><B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X_( VX`(/?H9;<?@(2G9=>;?>F(%FOBEG><B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^^^^XVT( VXa(5G;LF==(2C?EF(>:NF(N;F=F;O?><B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XVb( VXc('FBMCFH<M?E(?@?E:=<=(BJ(/?H9;<?@(=C?EF=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^V_( /C?N>F;(T6(5<B>G;9?><B@(?@I(2G9=>;?>F(/B@I<><B@=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^^^^Ta( ( TXV(/B@>;BE=(B@(.?;<@F(2G9=>;?>F(/B@I<><B@=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Tc( ( TXT(WG?@><>?><OF(.F?=G;F=(BJ(5<B>G;9?><B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XTd( ( TX`('FBEBL<M(2F>><@L^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X`T( ( ( TX`XV(2NF@MF(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XX`T( ( ( TX`XT(PCFFEF;(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XX`b( ( ( TX`X`(.?B><?@=C?@(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^aT( <O( ( ( ( TXa(.F>CBIBEBL:^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXaa( ( TXc(%F=GE>=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^^^^^ab( ( TXb(3<=MG==<B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^c`( ( TXe(/B@MEG=<B@=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^ce( /C?N>F;(`6(&?EFBFMBEBL:(BJ(/?H9;<?@(2C?EF(/BHHG@<><F=^^^^^^^^^^^^^Xcd( ( `XV(.B;NCBEBL<M?E(*I?N>?><B@=(BJ(5F@>C<M(.F>?]B?@=(>B(2G9=>;?>F(( ( (((((/B@I<><B@=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXbU( ( `XT(2G9=>;?>F=(*==BM<?>FI(R<>C(/?H9;<?@(1?G@?=X^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXbd( ( `X`(2*!6(2NF@MF8(PCFFEF;8(?@I(B>CF;(52#(1?G@?=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XeT( ( `Xa(3<=MG==<B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X_a( ( `Xc(/B@MEG=<B@=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X__( /C?N>F;(a6('FBMCFH<M?E(&;BY<F=(JB;(%FIBY(?@I($@O<;B@HF@>?E(/B@I<><B@=^^^^X_d( ( aXV(#CF(*L;B@BH<M(%FOBEG><B@(?@I(%FIBY(/B@I<><B@=^^^^^^^^^^^^dU( ( aXT(%FIBY(/B@I<><B@=(?@I(1?G@?E(*M><O<>:^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^d`( ( aX`('FBMCFH<M?E(&;BY<F=(JB;(%FIBY(/B@I<><B@=(<@(.?;<@F(2F>><@L=^^^^^de( ( aXa(.F>CBIBEBL:^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^VUa( O( ( ( ( aXc(%F=GE>=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXVUe( ( ( aXcXV($@;<MCHF@>(J?M>B;=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XVU_( ( ( aXcXT(&?EFB;FIBY(<@I<MF=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XVVd( ( aXb(3<=MG==<B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXV`V( ( ( aXbXV(#;?MF(HF>?E(F@;<MCHF@>=(<@(>CF(PCFFEF;(?@I(( (((((((((((((((((((((((.?B><?@=C?@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXV`T( ( ( aXbXT(/B@=<IF;<@L(=M?EF(<@(N?EFB;FIBY(?@?E:=<=^^^^^^^^^^^XXV`c( ( ( aXbX`(#CF(;FE?><B@=C<N(9F>RFF@(;FIBY(?@I(FYMFN><B@?E(JB==<E(( (((((((((((((((((((((((N;F=F;O?><B@^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXVaU( ( aXe(/B@MEG=<B@=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XVcU( /C?N>F;(c6(/B@MEG=<B@=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XVcT( %FJF;F@MF=(/<>FI^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Vcd( *NNF@I<Y(*^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXXV_c( *NNF@I<Y(5^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XVdV( *NNF@I<Y(/^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XTUV( /G;;<MGEGH(-<>?F^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^TUc( O<( ( ( +!2#(,1(1!'4%$2( 1<LG;F(VXV(.FH9F;=(BJ(>CF($I<?M?;?@(1?G@?^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXa( 1<LG;F(VXT(.BIF;@(.<M;B9<?E(.?>=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Xd( 1<LG;F(VX`(3FOFEBNHF@>(BJ(=G9=>;?>F=(IG;<@L(>CF(?L;B@BH<M(;FOBEG><B@^^^^^XVV( 1<LG;F(VXa($MC<@BIF;H(%F=NB@=F=(>B(>CF(/2%^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXV`( 1<LG;F(VXc(.BEEG=M?@(%F=NB@=F=(>B(>CF(/2%^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXVa( 1<LG;F(VXb(!MC@BJ?M<F=(HBIFE(JB;(9B>>BH(R?>F;(BY:LF@?><B@^^^^^^^^^^^XXTU( 1<LG;F(TXV(&C:=<M?E8(/CFH<M?E8(?@I(5<BEBL<M?E(J?M>B;=(JB;(( =G9=>;?>F(IFOFEBNHF@>^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXTb( 1<LG;F(TXT("FBN;B>F;B]B<MQ/?H9;<?@(>;?@=<><B@(>;?MF(JB==<E=^^^^^^^^^^^XXT_( 1<LG;F(TX`(!MC@BJ?M<F=(<@IFY(Z<<\(HBIFE^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^`V( 1<LG;F(TXa(2>;?><L;?NC:(BJ(>CF(2NF@MF(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XX^^^X``( 1<LG;F(TXc(3FNB=<><B@?E(=F>><@L(BJ(>CF(2NF@MF(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X`a( 1<LG;F(TXb(.?N(BJ(2NF@MF(2C?EF(EBM?E<><F=XX^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X`c( 1<LG;F(TXe(2>;?><L;?NC:(BJ(2NF@MF(2C?EF(?>(.<@F;f=()BEEBR^^^^^^^^^^X^XX`e( 1<LG;F(TX_(.?N(BJ(PCFFEF;(2C?EF(EBM?E<><F=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XX`_( O<<( ( ( 1<LG;F(TXd(2>;?><L;?NC:(BJ(>CF(PCFFEF;(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X`d( 1<LG;F(TXVU(3<?L;?H(BJ(>CF()BG=F(%?@LF($H9?:HF@>^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XaU( 1<LG;F(TXVV(.?N(?@I(2>;?><L;?NC:(BJ(>CF(.?B><?@=C?@(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^Xa`( 1<LG;F(TXVT(!MC@BJ?9;<M(<@IFY(?@?E:=<=(BJ(>CF(PCFFEF;(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^XXae( 1<LG;F(TXV`(!MC@BJ?9;<M(<@IFY(?@?E:=<=(BJ(>CF(2NF@MF(2C?EF^^^^^^^^^^^Xa_( 1<LG;F(TXVa(!MC@BJ?9;<M(<@IFY(?@?E:=<=(BJ(>CF(2NF@MF(2C?EF(9:(EBM?E<>:^^^^^Xad( 1<LG;F(TXVc(!MC@BJ?9;<M(<@IFY(?@?E:=<=(BJ(>CF(.?B><?@=C?@(2C?EF^^^^^^^XXXcU( 1<LG;F(TXVb(<<QJ?9;<M=(<@(>CF(2NF@MF(?@I(PCFFEF;(2C?EF=^^^^^^^^^^^^^XcV( 1<LG;F(TXVe(2FI<HF@>?;:(JF?>G;F=(=GLLF=><OF(BJ(H<M;B9<?E(HFI<?><B@^^^^^XXcT( 1<LG;F(TXVa(<<QJ?9;<M=(<@(>CF(2NF@MF(?@I(PCFFEF;(2C?EF=^^^^^^^^^^^^^Xad( 1<LG;F(`XV(%BB>QE<SF(CBEIJ?=>=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XbT( 1<LG;F(`XT(*@(FY?HNEF(BJ(>CF(<MF9F;L(=>;?>FL:^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXb`( 1<LG;F(`X`(!EEG=>;?><B@(BJ('BGEIf=(g1?<EFI($YNF;<HF@>=h^^^^^^^^^^^^^XXbb( 1<LG;F(`Xa(&;B>F;B]B<MQ=>:EF(?>>?MCHF@>(=>;?>FL<F=(BJ(9F@>C<M(HF>?]B?@=^^^b_( 1<LG;F(`Xc(.?N(BJ(52#(J?G@?(EBM?E<><F=^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^^^e`( 1<LG;F(`Xb(2*!(/C?;>^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^^Xec( O<<<( ( ( 1<LG;F(`Xe(!""#$$%&'?@I(()&$*+""#,%&^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^X^XXe_( 1<LG;F(aXV(2BG;MF=(BJ(H<@B;(?@I(>;?MF(FEFHF@>=(<@(H?;<@F(R?>F;=^^^^^^XXXd_( 1<LG;F(aXT(5FC?O<B;(BJ(-?@?I<GH(G@IF;(I<JJF;F@>(;FIBY(;FL<HF=^^^^^^XX^VUU( 1<LG;F(aX`($@;<MCHF@>(J?M>B;=6(PCFFEF;(2C?EF(PV^^^^^^^^^^^^^^XX^XVUd( 1<LG;F(aXa($@;<MCHF@>(J?M>B;=6(PCFFEF;(2C?EF(PT^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^VVU( 1<LG;F(aXc($@;<MCHF@>(J?M>B;=6(PCFFEF;(2C?EF(Pc^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^VVV( 1<LG;F(aXb($@;<MCHF@>(J?M>B;=6(2NF@MF(2C?EF(+.)Vi.)V^^^^^^^^^^^^VVT(

View Full Text

Details

  • File Type
    pdf
  • Upload Time
    -
  • Content Languages
    English
  • Upload User
    Anonymous/Not logged-in
  • File Pages
    217 Page
  • File Size
    -

Download

Channel Download Status
Express Download Enable

Copyright

We respect the copyrights and intellectual property rights of all users. All uploaded documents are either original works of the uploader or authorized works of the rightful owners.

  • Not to be reproduced or distributed without explicit permission.
  • Not used for commercial purposes outside of approved use cases.
  • Not used to infringe on the rights of the original creators.
  • If you believe any content infringes your copyright, please contact us immediately.

Support

For help with questions, suggestions, or problems, please contact us