See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316714556 The Xth Volume of E folklore journal of Folklore Foundation is released in the web site of www.folklorefoundation.org. Mahendra K Mishra Book · May 2017 CITATIONS READS 0 253 2 authors, including: Mahendra Kumar Mishra Folklore Foundation 35 PUBLICATIONS 14 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: writing a book on Multilingual Education in Odisha ,India View project folklore studies in India View project All content following this page was uploaded by Mahendra Kumar Mishra on 06 May 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Lokaratna The e-journal of the Folklore Foundation, India Vol. X, 2017 Lokaratna ISSN No.2347-6427 Folklore Foundation www.folklorefoundation.org [email protected] Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol. X, 2017 ISSN No. 2347-6427 Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol. X, 2017 ISSN No. 2347-6427 Lokaratna, Vol. X, 2017 Lokaratna is the e-journal of the Folklore Foundation, India. The purpose of the journal is to explore the rich cultural tradition of Odisha for a wider readership. Any scholar across the globe interested to contribute on any aspect of folklore is welcome. This volume represents the articles on culture, folklore, education, and language pedagogy. Cover Image: Traditional Saura Painting Folklore Foundation Office Bearers President: Sri Sukant Mishra Managing Trustee and Director: Dr M K Mishra Trustee: Sri Sapan K Prusty Trustee: Sri Durga Prasanna Layak Lokaratna is the official journal of the Folklore Foundation, India and it is a peer- reviewed academic journal in English. The objectives of the journal are: To invite writers and scholars to contribute their valuable research papers on any aspects of Indian Folklore. They should be based on the theory and methodology of folklore research and on empirical studies with substantial field work. To publish seminal articles written by senior scholars on Indian Folklore, making them available from the original sources. To present lives of folklorists, outlining their substantial contribution to Folklore To publish book reviews, field work reports, descriptions of research projects and announcements for seminars and workshops. To present interviews with eminent folklorists in India and abroad. Any new idea that would enrich this folklore research journal is welcome. www.folklorefoundation.org / [email protected] Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol. X, 2017 ISSN No. 2347-6427 We also review newly published books, to get your book reviewed write to: [email protected] /[email protected] Editor in Chief: Dr Mahendra K Mishra Executive Editor: Prof. Anand Mahanand, EFLU, Hyderabad Advisory Board Molly Kaushal, Director, Janapada Sampada,(IGNCA)New Delhi Nirupama Moduel, Director,( Intangible Heritage,)INTACH Irina Samarina, Russian Akademi of Letters, Moscow Chandrabhanu Pattanayak, Senior Academician Editorial Board Dr Subhendu Mund, Eminent poet and Critic of Indian Literature, Bhubaneswar Dr Harekrushna Meher, Retired Professor of Sanksrit, Odisha, Mary Provost, Activist, Indigenous Rights, Canada Prof. Ranjan K. Panda, IIT Bombay Dr Amitendu Bhattacharya, Asst. Professor, BITS Pilani (Goa) Subhasis Nanda, PhD scholar, EFLU, Hyderabad www.folklorefoundation.org / [email protected] Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol. X, 2017 ISSN No. 2347-6427 From The Desk of Editor-in-Chief Lokaratna completed its ten years. Hundreds of professional and scholars across the globe have contributed to this e journal in the disciplines of humanities, social science, linguistics,folklore, tribal studies,social history and cultural studies. Mean while an Advisory Board for the journal has been set up and the Editorial Board has also been expanded. Permanent web site for folklore foundation has also been hosted. The site is: www.folklorefooundation.org. All the past issues of Lokaratna have been uploaded in the web site of Folklore Foundation. The web master Mr. Shibaram Mishra has taken much time and energy to make this web site compatible to the web site of any other global institute. He has voluntarily agreed to maintain the web site from time to time to update the readers on folklore studies. In the mean time the field members of Folklore Foundation have completed the Odisha Volume of People’s Linguistic Survey of India. About 200 people of Odisha from different ethnic groups across the state have completed the volume which contains 40 spoken languages, Odia and Santali as scheduled languages. Rest of the languages is non- scheduled. The Sambalpuri/Koshali language from Western Odisha and Ho language from north Odisha have been recommended by the state government to be included in the VIIIth schedule of the Constitution of India. Till now 38 spoken but non- scheduled languages have been enlisted for recognition with the government of India. Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi under its Centre for Oral and Tribal Literature in the Sahitya Akademy under the leadership of Padmashree Anvita Abbi, has released books on oral tradition and Unwritten languages. On 5th April, 2017 Kapila www.folklorefoundation.org / [email protected] Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol. X, 2017 ISSN No. 2347-6427 Vatsayan released two books. One titled Kalahandi ki Vachik Mahakavya ( Oral Epics of Kalahandi ) in Hindi and another- the compilation the articles of a Seminar on Unwritten Languages held in the literature festival of 2015 in the Sahitya Akademi- titled “Unwritten Languages.” I visited International Mother Language Institute,(IMLI) Bangladesh on 21st February 2017 and took part in the international seminar on language documentation and multilingual education. The role of Bangladesh in nurturing the mother tongues, especially minority languages is crucial. It is to be remembered that, Banladesh is a country emerged from the struggle for mother tongue. In context, not with in the country itself, the role of IMLI in fostering the minority and endangered languages in Asian countries is highly commendable. I congratulate Prof Zinnat Imtiaz Ali, Director General, IMLI for his untiring efforts to serve for the cause of minority languages. Language and culture survives, even after the environmental change occurs in human civilization. Stories and songs , proverbs and ritual myths are still alive containing the narratives of 3000 years old civilization. The cultural continuity of human memory retains the oral , performative and visual form even after the material loss is occurred , but the memory and imagination still survive in the memory. The best examples of this are the culture hero Rama, Krishna and Shiva. These three gods are still alive in the public memory when their geographical territories are still uncertain. The Xth volume of Lokaratna is released to day. This contains the history of ten years of voluntary labour, and to celebrate that the modern technology has facilitated to connect from one end of the globe to the other. Many people use to say that the purity of folk culture will be corrupted by the intrusion of modern technology. Looking this from other point of view, it is safely said that the use of technology for promotion of folklore and culture , and also documenting the original form in performance could be the best way to restore the history of www.folklorefoundation.org / [email protected] Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol. X, 2017 ISSN No. 2347-6427 time in the context of people’s performance of knowledge in their community. The written cannot capture the thought, but the visuals can capture the expression and its details while performance. Thus either it is performance by the people or research by the scholars, technology has played a major role in sustaining and disseminating the past for future. I am thankful to all the writers and the reviewers of this volume who have sincerely contributed to this journal. We are committed to take more thematic work through Folklore Foundation. In future, I hope all those who have contributed to this volume will support the cause by sensitising the new writers as well as the established for a cultural inheritance. I thank Prof Anand Mahanand, EFLU for his tireless work and support and management of the journal. I also congratulate the new members of editorial board and the advisory board to be with us for a sincere cause. Mahendra Kumar Mishra www.folklorefoundation.org / [email protected] Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol. X, 2017 ISSN No. 2347-6427 From the Desk of Executive Editor “We can still maintain our oral narratives in the digital age” One of the features of folk traditions is their vibrancy. They are lively and prevail in the forms of dance forms, songs, games and chants. This feature makes them unique and distinct from literacy. When we put oral performances into writing, the vibrancy is lost. Writing cannot capture the vibrancy and performative aspects of an oral narrative. But this element should be retained. We cannot effort to lose it. Vibrancy should remain even though these forms are transformed to other modes. Writing cannot capture this but; digital mode can help us in retaining the performative element of an oral narrative. There have been concerns in some quarters that writing is losing its ground with the emergence of digital technology. Oral forms precede writing. With the emergence and consequent dominance of writing, Orality was given less privilege. Writing dominated the scene but Orality too existed. With the emergence and spread of digital technology, oral forms are coming back with vibrancy again. The question is whether technology is enough to retain our folk oral forms. Can communities retain their folk forms in this modern and digital age. Lot of it depends on the mindset and determination of the people. We can be modern, yet retain our folk forms. We can use modern technology at the service of our traditions. Tradition can accommodate interrogation, invention and innovations. Traditions should not be thrown out.