Connectivity: Science, people and policy in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Item Type monograph Publisher NOAA/National Ocean Service/National Marine Sanctuary Program Download date 10/10/2021 09:08:43 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/20081 Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series ONMS-08-02 Insert cover photo here CONNECTIVITY Science, People and Policy in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management National Marine Sanctuary Program March 2008 About the Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service (NOS) administers the National Marine Sanctuary Program (NMSP). Its mission is to identify, designate, protect and manage the ecological, recreational, research, educational, historical, and aesthetic resources and qualities of nationally significant coastal and marine areas. The existing marine sanctuaries differ widely in their natural and historical resources and include nearshore and open ocean areas ranging in size from less than one to over 5,000 square miles. Protected habitats include rocky coasts, kelp forests, coral reefs, sea grass beds, estuarine habitats, hard and soft bottom habitats, segments of whale migration routes, and shipwrecks. Because of considerable differences in settings, resources, and threats, each marine sanctuary has a tailored management plan. Conservation, education, research, monitoring and enforcement programs vary accordingly. The integration of these programs is fundamental to marine protected area management. The Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series reflects and supports this integration by providing a forum for publication and discussion of the complex issues currently facing the National Marine Sanctuary Program. Topics of published reports vary substantially and may include descriptions of educational programs, discussions on resource management issues, and results of scientific research and monitoring projects. The series facilitates integration of natural sciences, socioeconomic and cultural sciences, education, and policy development to accomplish the diverse needs of NOAA’s resource protection mandate. CONNECTIVITY Science, People and Policy in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Brian D. Keller and Fiona C. Wilmot, eds. U.S. Department of Commerce Carlos M. Gutierrez, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration VADM Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr. (USN-ret.) Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere National Ocean Service John H. Dunnigan, Assistant Administrator Silver Spring, Maryland National Marine Sanctuary Program March 2008 Daniel J. Basta, Director DISCLAIMER Report content does not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the National Marine Sanctuary Program or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. REPORT AVAILABILITY Electronic copies of this report may be downloaded from the National Marine Sanctuary Program web site at www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov. Hard copies may be available from the following address: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Sanctuary Program SSMC4, N/ORM62 1305 East-West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910 COVER SeaWiFS image on 28 July 1999 shows a plume from the Mississippi River and northern Gulf of Mexico meandering toward the Florida Keys. Image provided by Dr. Chuanmin Hu, University of South Florida. SUGGESTED CITATION Keller, B.D., and F.C. Wilmot, eds. 2008. Connectivity: science, people and policy in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Colloquium proceedings, 19-21 August 2004, Key West, FL. Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series NMSP-08-02. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Sanctuary Program, Silver Spring, MD. 263 pp. CONTACT Brian D. Keller, Ph.D. National Marine Sanctuary Program c/o Florida Institute of Oceanography 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, FL 33701 (727) 553-1100 [email protected] Preface The Connectivity Colloquium was held in August 2004 in Key West, Florida. The purpose of the meeting was to bring together a range of perspectives on the concept of connectivity, from scientific to human dimensions, and their applications to management and policy. Parts of this proceedings volume were edited from transcripts prepared by Fiona Wilmot from tape recordings of many of the sessions; these sections are self-evident. Technical difficulties prevented recordings of the sessions on resource conditions, water quality, and coral and seagrass habitats as well as the plenaries by Terry Done, Steven Miller, and Rod Salm and the ensuing discussions. The section on shifting baselines is an op-ed piece by Dr. Randy Olson, which is posted at http://www.shiftingbaselines.org. The rest of the sections are manuscripts submitted by the presenters; Mark Eakin (NOAA) and Bob Ginsburg (U. Miami/RSMAS) were not able to submit contributions, but we thank them for their presentations. We thank Bob as well for leading a memorable Coral Polyp Dance during one of those unpredictable pauses. In the three years it has taken to complete these proceedings, the monitoring data have been supplanted, but most of the patterns evident then still apply. The ideas and concepts are still as fresh and relevant today as they were just after the passage of Hurricane Charley, when the organizers breathed a sigh of relief about the timing of storms affecting Key West in 2004. Our thanks go to Joanne Delaney, Nancy Diersing, Erskine Robinson, Heidi Schuttenberg, and Carolina Sullivan for their support before and during the meeting. Monroe County Commissioner George Neugent of Sanctuary Friends of the Florida Keys, with characteristic prescience, ensured material support early in the organizing stages of the meeting. We also thank Dr. Carl Safina for a thoughtful and moving evening presentation based on his work with albatross. Finally, we thank Ted and Diana Wilmot for providing a quiet space amenable to several periods of intense editing, without which this volume most likely would not have been completed. The Editors, September 2007 The Malt House, Barford, Warwick, England i Organizing Committee Billy D. Causey; Southeast Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Region; National Marine Sanctuary Program Brian D. Keller, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Nancy Klingener, The Ocean Conservancy Bill Kruczynski, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Fred McManus, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Jody Thomas, The Nature Conservancy Fiona C. Wilmot, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (Chair) Contributors Katharine (Kacky) Andrews, Office of Coastal and Aquatic Managed Areas, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL. Present address: Coastal States Organization, 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 322, Washington, DC, 20001. E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Jerald S. Ault, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL, 33149. E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Carl R. Beaver, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 100 Eighth Avenue SE, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701. E-mail: [email protected]. (Sadly, Carl died in a tragic accident in 2007) Dr. Donald C. Behringer, Jr., Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529. Present address: Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida, 7922 NW 71st Street, Gainesville, FL, 32653. E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Rodney D. Bertelsen, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 2796 Overseas Highway, Suite 119, Marathon, FL, 33050. E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. James A. Bohnsack, NOAA Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, FL, 33149. E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Joseph N. Boyer, Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33133. E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Mark J. Butler IV, Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529. E-mail: [email protected]. Michael Callahan, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 100 Eighth Avenue SE, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701. Billy D. Causey, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, P.O. Box 500368, Marathon, FL, 33050. Present address: Southeast Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Region; National Marine Sanctuary Program; 33 East Quay Road; Key West, FL, 33040. E-mail: [email protected]. Mark Chiappone, Center for Marine Science Research, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 515 Caribbean Drive, Key Largo, FL, 33037. E-mail: [email protected]. Joanne Delaney (moderator), Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, 33 East Quay Road, Key West, FL, 33040. E-mail: [email protected]. Gabriel A. Delgado, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 2796 Overseas Highway, Suite 119, Marathon, FL, 33050. E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Terry Done, Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3, Townsville MC, Townsville 4810, Queensland, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]. ii Dr. James W. Fourqurean, Department of Biological Sciences and Southeast