Multidimensional Expressions (MDX) Reference SQL Server 2012 Books Online

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX) Reference SQL Server 2012 Books Online Summary: Multidimensional Expressions (MDX) is the query language that you use to work with and retrieve multidimensional data in Microsoft Analysis Services. MDX is based on the XML for Analysis (XMLA) specification, with specific extensions for SQL Server Analysis Services. MDX utilizes expressions composed of identifiers, values, statements, functions, and operators that Analysis Services can evaluate to retrieve an object (for example a set or a member), or a scalar value (for example, a string or a number). Category: Reference Applies to: SQL Server 2012 Source: SQL Server Books Online <a href="/goto?url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms145506.aspx" target="_blank">(</a><a href="/goto?url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms145506.aspx" target="_blank">link to source content</a><a href="/goto?url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms145506.aspx" target="_blank">) </a>E-book publication date: June 2012 Copyright © 2012 by Microsoft Corporation All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher. Microsoft and the trademarks listed at <a href="/goto?url=http://www.microsoft.com/about/legal/en/us/IntellectualProperty/Trademarks/EN-US.aspx" target="_blank">http://www.microsoft.com/about/legal/en/us/IntellectualProperty/Trademarks/EN-US.aspx </a>are trademarks of the Microsoft group of companies. All other marks are property of their respective owners. The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, email addresses, logos, people, places, and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product, domain name, email address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred. This book expresses the author’s views and opinions. The information contained in this book is provided without any express, statutory, or implied warranties. Neither the authors, Microsoft Corporation, nor its resellers, or distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused either directly or indirectly by this book. Co<a href="#9_0">ntents </a>Multidim<a href="#11_0">ensional Expressions (MDX) Referenc</a><a href="#11_0">e</a><a href="#11_0">.</a><a href="#11_0">................................................................................ 8 </a>MDX Synta<a href="#12_0">x Element</a><a href="#12_0">s</a><a href="#12_0">.</a><a href="#12_0">................................................................................................................................... 8 </a>Identifi<a href="#13_0">er</a><a href="#13_0">s</a><a href="#13_0">.</a><a href="#13_0">....................................................................................................................................................</a><a href="#13_0">.</a><a href="#13_0">1</a><a href="#13_0">0 </a>Using <a href="#15_0">Regular Identifiers....................................................................................................................</a><a href="#15_0">.</a><a href="#15_0">1</a><a href="#15_0">0 </a>Using <a href="#17_0">Delimited Identifiers................................................................................................................</a><a href="#17_0">.</a><a href="#17_0">11 </a>Expressio<a href="#18_0">ns..................................................................................................................................................</a><a href="#18_0">.</a><a href="#18_0">12 </a>Using <a href="#19_0">Cube and Subcube Expressions..........................................................................................</a><a href="#19_0">.</a><a href="#19_0">1</a><a href="#19_0">4 </a>Using <a href="#20_0">Dimension Expression</a><a href="#20_0">s</a><a href="#20_0">.</a><a href="#20_0">..........................................................................................................16 </a>Using <a href="#21_0">Member Expressions...............................................................................................................</a><a href="#21_0">.</a><a href="#21_0">17 </a>Using <a href="#23_0">Tuple Expressions.....................................................................................................................</a><a href="#23_0">.</a><a href="#23_0">1</a><a href="#23_0">8 </a>Usi<a href="#26_0">ng Set Expressions..........................................................................................................................</a><a href="#26_0">.</a><a href="#26_0">1</a><a href="#26_0">9 </a>Using <a href="#29_0">Scalar Expression</a><a href="#29_0">s</a><a href="#29_0">.</a><a href="#29_0">...................................................................................................................</a><a href="#29_0">.</a><a href="#29_0">2</a><a href="#29_0">0 </a>Workin<a href="#30_0">g with Empty Values..............................................................................................................</a><a href="#30_0">.</a><a href="#30_0">22 </a>Operator<a href="#30_1">s (MDX Syntax</a><a href="#30_1">)</a><a href="#30_1">.</a><a href="#30_1">.......................................................................................................................</a><a href="#30_1">.</a><a href="#30_1">2</a><a href="#30_1">5 </a>Arithm<a href="#0_0">etic Operators...........................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">2</a><a href="#0_0">8 </a>Bitwise <a href="#0_1">Operators...................................................................................................................................29 </a>Compa<a href="#0_1">rison Operator</a><a href="#0_1">s</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">......................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">2</a><a href="#0_1">9 </a>Concat<a href="#0_0">enation Operator</a><a href="#0_0">s</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">.................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">31 </a>Set O<a href="#0_1">perator</a><a href="#0_1">s</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.........................................................................................................................................31 </a>Unary <a href="#0_0">Operators.....................................................................................................................................32 </a>Assig<a href="#0_0">nment Operator</a><a href="#0_0">s</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">.......................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">3</a><a href="#0_0">3 </a>Functio<a href="#0_1">ns (MDX Syntax</a><a href="#0_1">)</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">........................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">3</a><a href="#0_1">3 </a>Using <a href="#0_0">String Functions........................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">3</a><a href="#0_0">5 </a>Using <a href="#0_0">Mathematical Function</a><a href="#0_0">s</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">........................................................................................................37 </a>Using L<a href="#0_1">ogical Functions......................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">3</a><a href="#0_1">7 </a>Using <a href="#0_0">Member Functions...................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">3</a><a href="#0_0">8 </a>Using <a href="#0_0">Tuple Functions.........................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">3</a><a href="#0_0">9 </a>Usi<a href="#0_1">ng Set Functions .............................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">3</a><a href="#0_1">9 </a>Usi<a href="#0_0">ng Dimension, Hierarchy, and Level Functions ....................................................................43 </a>Using Stored Procedures....................................................................................................................44 Com<a href="#0_1">ments (MDX Syntax).......................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">4</a><a href="#0_1">4 </a>Reser<a href="#0_0">ved Keywords (MDX Syntax) ......................................................................................................46 </a>MDX Lang<a href="#0_1">uage Reference.........................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">4</a><a href="#0_1">6 </a>MDX Sy<a href="#0_1">ntax Convention</a><a href="#0_1">s</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.....................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">4</a><a href="#0_1">7 </a>MDX Sta<a href="#0_1">tement Reference....................................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">4</a><a href="#0_1">8 </a>MDX <a href="#0_0">Scripting Statement</a><a href="#0_0">s</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">...............................................................................................................</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">48 </a>MDX D<a href="#0_1">ata Definition Statements.....................................................................................................54 </a>MDX Data Manipulation Statements..............................................................................................94 MDX Operator Reference.................................................................................................................... 113 -- (Comment)........................................................................................................................................ 115 - (Exc<a href="#0_0">ept</a><a href="#0_0">)</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">............................................................................................................................................... 117 </a>- (Neg<a href="#0_0">ative</a><a href="#0_0">)</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">.......................................................................................................................................... 118 </a>- (Subt<a href="#0_0">ract)............................................................................................................................................. 119 </a>* (Cros<a href="#0_0">sjoin)........................................................................................................................................... 120 </a>* (Mult<a href="#0_0">iply)............................................................................................................................................. 121 </a>/ (Divid<a href="#0_0">e)................................................................................................................................................. 122 </a>^ (Pow<a href="#0_0">er)................................................................................................................................................ 124 </a>/*...*/ (<a href="#0_1">Comment)................................................................................................................................. 125 </a>// (Co<a href="#0_1">mment)........................................................................................................................................ 126 </a>: (Rang<a href="#0_0">e) ................................................................................................................................................. 127 </a>+ (A<a href="#0_1">dd).................................................................................................................................................... 128 </a>+ (Posi<a href="#0_0">tive)............................................................................................................................................. 129 </a>+ (Stri<a href="#0_0">ng Concatenation) ................................................................................................................. 130 </a>+ (Uni<a href="#0_0">on)................................................................................................................................................ 130 </a>< (Less <a href="#0_0">Than) ........................................................................................................................................ 132 </a><= (L<a href="#0_0">ess Than or Equal To</a><a href="#0_0">)</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">............................................................................................................ 133 </a><> (No<a href="#0_1">t Equal To)............................................................................................................................... 134 </a>= (Equ<a href="#0_1">al To)........................................................................................................................................... 135 </a>> (Gr<a href="#0_0">eater Tha</a>n).................................................................................................................................. 136 >= (Gr<a href="#0_1">eater Than or Equal To)....................................................................................................... 137 </a>AND.....<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 138 </a>IS140 NOT.<a href="#0_0">......................................................................................................................................................... 141 </a>OR........<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 142 </a>XOR .....<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 144 </a>MDX F<a href="#0_1">unction Reference..................................................................................................................... 145 </a>AddCal<a href="#0_0">culatedMembers................................................................................................................... 157 </a>Aggre<a href="#0_0">gate.............................................................................................................................................. 158 </a>AllM<a href="#0_1">embers........................................................................................................................................... 162 </a>Ancest<a href="#0_1">or ................................................................................................................................................. 164 </a>Ancest<a href="#0_1">ors ............................................................................................................................................... 166 </a>Ascend<a href="#0_0">ant</a><a href="#0_0">s</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">........................................................................................................................................... 168 </a>Avg ......<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 169 </a>Axis......<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 172 </a>Bott<a href="#0_1">omCount........................................................................................................................................ 174 </a>Botto<a href="#0_0">mPercent..................................................................................................................................... 175 </a>Bott<a href="#0_1">omSu</a><a href="#0_1">m</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.......................................................................................................................................... 176 </a>Calcula<a href="#0_0">tionCurrentPass..................................................................................................................... 177 </a>Calcula<a href="#0_1">tionPassValue......................................................................................................................... 178 </a>CASE <a href="#0_0">Statement................................................................................................................................... 179 </a>Childre<a href="#0_0">n .................................................................................................................................................. 182 </a>Closing<a href="#0_0">Perio</a><a href="#0_0">d</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">...................................................................................................................................... 183 </a>Coales<a href="#0_1">ceEmpty..................................................................................................................................... 185 </a>Correlation............................................................................................................................................. 187 Count (Dimension)............................................................................................................................. 188 Count (Hierarchy Levels).................................................................................................................. 188 Count (<a href="#0_0">Set)............................................................................................................................................. 189 </a>Count (<a href="#0_0">Tuple)........................................................................................................................................ 192 </a>Cousin <a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 192 </a>Covari<a href="#0_1">anc</a><a href="#0_1">e</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">............................................................................................................................................ 194 </a>Covaria<a href="#0_1">nceN.......................................................................................................................................... 195 </a>Crossjo<a href="#0_0">in................................................................................................................................................. 196 </a>Curr<a href="#0_1">en</a><a href="#0_1">t</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">................................................................................................................................................... 198 </a>Curr<a href="#0_0">entMember................................................................................................................................... 199 </a>Curr<a href="#0_1">entOrdina</a><a href="#0_1">l</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.................................................................................................................................... 202 </a>Custo<a href="#0_0">mDat</a><a href="#0_0">a</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">......................................................................................................................................... 203 </a>DataM<a href="#0_0">ember......................................................................................................................................... 204 </a>Default<a href="#0_1">Member ................................................................................................................................... 205 </a>Desc<a href="#0_0">endants ......................................................................................................................................... 206 </a>Dimen<a href="#0_0">sion.............................................................................................................................................. 211 </a>Dimen<a href="#0_0">sions............................................................................................................................................ 212 </a>Distinc<a href="#0_1">t</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">................................................................................................................................................... 214 </a>Distinc<a href="#0_0">tCount........................................................................................................................................ 215 </a>Drilldo<a href="#0_0">wnLevel...................................................................................................................................... 216 </a>Drilldo<a href="#0_0">wnLevelBottom....................................................................................................................... 218 </a>Drilldo<a href="#0_0">wnLevelTop.............................................................................................................................. 220 </a>Drilldo<a href="#0_1">wnMember............................................................................................................................... 221 </a>Drilldo<a href="#0_1">wnMemberBottom................................................................................................................ 223 </a>Drilldo<a href="#0_0">wnMemberTop....................................................................................................................... 225 </a>Drill<a href="#0_1">upLevel............................................................................................................................................ 226 </a>Drill<a href="#0_1">upMember..................................................................................................................................... 227 </a>Error ....<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 230 </a>Except.<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 230 </a>Exists...<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 231 </a>Extract.<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 233 </a>Filter....<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 235 </a>FirstCh<a href="#0_1">ild ................................................................................................................................................ 236 </a>FirstSib<a href="#0_0">lin</a><a href="#0_0">g</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">............................................................................................................................................ 237 </a>Genera<a href="#0_0">te................................................................................................................................................. 238 </a>Head....<a href="#0_1">............</a>......................................................................................................................................... 240 Hierarc<a href="#0_1">hize............................................................................................................................................. 242 </a>Hierarc<a href="#0_1">h</a><a href="#0_1">y</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">............................................................................................................................................... 244 </a>IIf244 Instr.....<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 247 </a>Inters<a href="#0_0">ect.................................................................................................................................................. 250 </a>IsAnce<a href="#0_0">sto</a><a href="#0_0">r</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">............................................................................................................................................. 252 </a>IsEmpt<a href="#0_1">y</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.................................................................................................................................................. 253 </a>IsG<a href="#0_1">eneration.......................................................................................................................................... 254 </a>IsLeaf...<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 255 </a>IsSibling .................................................................................................................................................. 255 Item (Member)..................................................................................................................................... 256 Item (Tuple)........................................................................................................................................... 257 KPIGo<a href="#0_0">al.................................................................................................................................................... 259 </a>KPIStat<a href="#0_1">us ................................................................................................................................................ 260 </a>KPITr<a href="#0_0">en</a><a href="#0_0">d</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">................................................................................................................................................ 261 </a>KPIWei<a href="#0_0">gh</a><a href="#0_0">t</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">............................................................................................................................................. 262 </a>KPICurr<a href="#0_0">entTimeMember................................................................................................................... 262 </a>KPIVal<a href="#0_1">ue.................................................................................................................................................. 263 </a>Lag.......<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 264 </a>LastCh<a href="#0_1">ild................................................................................................................................................. 265 </a>LastPer<a href="#0_1">iod</a><a href="#0_1">s</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">........................................................................................................................................... 265 </a>LastSib<a href="#0_1">ling.............................................................................................................................................. 267 </a>Lead.....<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 267 </a>Leaves.<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 268 </a>Level....<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 269 </a>Levels..<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 270 </a>LinkM<a href="#0_0">ember.......................................................................................................................................... 271 </a>LinRegI<a href="#0_0">ntercept ................................................................................................................................... 272 </a>LinReg<a href="#0_1">Poin</a><a href="#0_1">t</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.......................................................................................................................................... 273 </a>LinReg<a href="#0_1">R</a><a href="#0_1">2</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">............................................................................................................................................... 275 </a>LinReg<a href="#0_1">Slop</a><a href="#0_1">e</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">......................................................................................................................................... 276 </a>LinReg<a href="#0_0">Varianc</a><a href="#0_0">e</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">................................................................................................................................... 277 </a>Look<a href="#0_1">upCube.......................................................................................................................................... 278 </a>Max......<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 279 </a>Measur<a href="#0_1">eGroupMeasures.................................................................................................................. 281 </a>Medi<a href="#0_0">a</a><a href="#0_0">n</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">................................................................................................................................................... 281 </a>Mem<a href="#0_0">bers (Set)...................................................................................................................................... 283 </a>Mem<a href="#0_0">bers (String</a><a href="#0_0">)</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">............................................................................................................................... 284 </a>Mem<a href="#0_0">berToStr ....................................................................................................................................... 285 </a>Mem<a href="#0_0">berValue....................................................................................................................................... 286 </a>Min ......<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 287 </a>Mtd......<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 288 </a>Name..<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 289 </a>NameT<a href="#0_0">oSet............................................................................................................................................ 290 </a>NextM<a href="#0_0">ember......................................................................................................................................... 291 </a>NonEm<a href="#0_1">pty.............................................................................................................................................. 292 </a>NonEm<a href="#0_1">ptyCrossjoi</a><a href="#0_1">n</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.......................................................................................................................... 294 </a>Openi<a href="#0_0">ngPeriod..................................................................................................................................... 295 </a>Order...<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 296 </a>Ordinal <a href="#0_1">.................................................................................................................................................... 301 </a>Paralle<a href="#0_0">lPeriod........................................................................................................................................ 302 </a>Parent.<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 303 </a>Periods<a href="#0_0">ToDate...................................................................................................................................... 304 </a>Predict<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 306 </a>PrevM<a href="#0_1">embe</a><a href="#0_1">r</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">........................................................................................................................................ 307 </a>Properties............................................................................................................................................... 309 Qtd............................................................................................................................................................ 311 Rank......................................................................................................................................................... 312 Rollup<a href="#0_1">Children ..................................................................................................................................... 314 </a>Root.....<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 316 </a>SetToA<a href="#0_0">rra</a><a href="#0_0">y</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">............................................................................................................................................ 317 </a>SetTo<a href="#0_2">St</a><a href="#0_2">r</a><a href="#0_2">.</a><a href="#0_2">................................................................................................................................................. 318 </a>Sibling<a href="#0_1">s.................................................................................................................................................... 319 </a>Stddev<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 320 </a>Stddev<a href="#0_1">P................................................................................................................................................... 320 </a>Stdev...<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 320 </a>StdevP <a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 321 </a>StripCa<a href="#0_1">lculatedMembers.................................................................................................................. 322 </a>StrToM<a href="#0_0">ember ....................................................................................................................................... 324 </a>StrTo<a href="#0_0">Se</a><a href="#0_0">t</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">................................................................................................................................................. 326 </a>StrTo<a href="#0_1">Tuple ............................................................................................................................................. 327 </a>StrToV<a href="#0_0">alu</a><a href="#0_0">e</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">............................................................................................................................................ 329 </a>Subset.<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 330 </a>Sum .....<a href="#0_1">..................................................................................................................................................... 331 </a>Tail .......<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 333 </a>This......<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 334 </a>Toggle<a href="#0_1">DrillState................................................................................................................................... 335 </a>TopCo<a href="#0_0">un</a><a href="#0_0">t</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">.............................................................................................................................................. 337 </a>TopPer<a href="#0_0">cen</a><a href="#0_0">t</a><a href="#0_0">.</a><a href="#0_0">........................................................................................................................................... 338 </a>TopS<a href="#0_0">um .................................................................................................................................................. 341 </a>TupleT<a href="#0_1">oStr ............................................................................................................................................. 343 </a>Union..<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 344 </a>Uniq<a href="#0_0">ueName......................................................................................................................................... 346 </a>Unkno<a href="#0_1">wnMember............................................................................................................................... 347 </a>Unord<a href="#0_0">er................................................................................................................................................... 349 </a>User<a href="#0_0">Name.............................................................................................................................................. 350 </a>ValidM<a href="#0_0">easure........................................................................................................................................ 350 </a>Value...<a href="#0_3">..................................................................................................................................................... 352 </a>Var .......<a href="#0_4">..................................................................................................................................................... 353 </a>Varianc<a href="#0_0">e.................................................................................................................................................. 354 </a>Varianc<a href="#0_1">eP ............................................................................................................................................... 354 </a>VarP.....<a href="#0_0">..................................................................................................................................................... 354 </a>Visua<a href="#0_1">lTotal</a><a href="#0_1">s</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.......................................................................................................................................... 355 </a>Wtd........................................................................................................................................................... 356 Ytd ............................................................................................................................................................ 357 MDX Reserved Words........................................................................................................................... 358

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX) Reference SQL Server 2012 Books Online

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