UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO INTERNATIONALLY RENOWNED TROMBONISTS: PROFESSORS FABRICE MILLISCHER AND IRVIN WAGNER A DOCUMENT SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS By DELPHINE PIGUET-PERSELLO Norman, Oklahoma 2019 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO INTERNATIONALLY RENOWNED TROMBONISTS: PROFESSORS FABRICE MILLISCHER AND IRVIN WAGNER A DOCUMENT APPROVED FOR THE SCHOOL OF MUSIC BY THE COMMITTEE CONSISTING OF Dr. Casey Gerber, Chair Dr. Sanna Pederson Dr. Marvin Lamb Dr. Michael Hancock Dr. Alan Levenson Dr. Sherri Irvin © Copyright by DELPHINE PIGUET-PERSELLO 2019 All Rights Reserved. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many people deserve my gratitude for their guidance, support, and contributions to this document. I would like to offer special thanks to the members of my committee for their time, dedication, and expertise and for being there with me through many years of musical endeavors: Dr. Marvin Lamb, Dr. Michael Hancock, Dr. Alan Levenson, Dr. Paula Conlon, Dr. Sanna Pederson, and more particularly to the Assistant Dean of the Graduate College, Dr. Sherri Irvin, and my Chair, Dr. Casey Gerber, without whom this document would not have been able to be completed. This document was possible due to the contributions of Professors Fabrice Millischer and Irvin Wagner. I would like to thank them for sharing their time and expertise with this project. I deeply appreciate their participation. I hope this work illustrates the knowledge, skills, dedication, and talent they bring to the music world. I also would like to thank Professors Jean-Claude Morisse, Fabrice Millischer, and Irvin Wagner for having served as my trombone professors. I feel fortunate to have been taught by some of the best trombonists in the world. I wish to express my gratitude for the encouragement and guidance of my professors and friends throughout my studies leading to completion of the Doctor of Musical Arts degree at the University of Oklahoma: Dr. Jacob Larson, Dr. Millie Audas and Bill Audas, Dr. Armand Ambrosini, Dr. Elisabeth Riviere, Dr. Martin Levine and Laura Levine, Aimee and Michelle Rogers, Marles and Tony Bradley, Jonathan Stapleton, Alaina Raley, Brandy Gunter- Cox, Madeline Martin-Seaver, Austin Weathersbee, Emily and Neal Schuster, Roger Finch, iv Kimberlee Mahre, Jessica Reynolds, Debbie Boles, Dr. Claude Duchon and Helen Duchon, Dr. Chris Neal, Dr. Michel Eodice, Susan Babcok, Dr. Jennifer Saltzstein, Suzette Wood, Pastor Wendi Neal, Dr. Celia Wollenberg, Dr. Anne-Valerie Brittan, Katie Pearce, Dr. Judy Norlin and Eddie Norlin, Lyndal and Susan Caddell, Prashant Dodia, John Gutierrez, Robyn Rojas, Emilie Gordon, Aurelie Ellul-Ricci, Maud Adsuar, Mark Braley, Gersende Cazaux, and my late friend from the BBC Elise McDougall. Thanks are also due to my parents, Walter and Elise Persello, and to my sister Myriam Piguet-Persello whose love, support, and encouragement have sustained me all throughout the pursuit of my education and career. It is to my loving parents that I dedicate this document. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ..........................................................................................................................iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ...........................................................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................................ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1 Need For The Study................................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose Statement .................................................................................................................................... 3 Research Questions ................................................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ..............................................................................................6 Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 6 Multidisciplinary Music Education And Career ....................................................................... 6 Performance Advice............................................................................................................................... 10 Applied-Music Studio And Brass Pedagogy ............................................................................ 13 Literature On Trombonists ............................................................................................................... 17 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................... 20 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY .........................................................................................................21 Study Structure And Design.............................................................................................................. 21 Overview Of The Participants Careers ....................................................................................... 22 Data Collection .......................................................................................................................................... 24 Data Analysis And Representation ............................................................................................... 27 Limitations Of The Study .................................................................................................................... 29 Reflexivity .................................................................................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER 4: MUSICAL EDUCATION ...........................................................................................32 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 32 Family Backgrounds .............................................................................................................................. 33 Early Musical Education...................................................................................................................... 36 Conservatories .......................................................................................................................................... 41 University Of Music In Germany .................................................................................................... 44 Music Educators ....................................................................................................................................... 44 Education At Collegiate Level .......................................................................................................... 52 The Impact Of Playing Several Instruments ........................................................................... 56 Other Musical Influences .................................................................................................................... 59 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................... 62 CHAPTER 5: TEACHING CAREERS...............................................................................................64 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 64 Academic Career ...................................................................................................................................... 65 Master Classes And Summer Programs..................................................................................... 68 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................... 70 CHAPTER 6: TEACHING PHILOSOPHIES .................................................................................73 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 73 Teaching Inspiration ............................................................................................................................. 73 Teaching Philosophy ............................................................................................................................. 75 Student Recruitment And Selection ............................................................................................. 81 Marketing And Networking .............................................................................................................. 84 vi Teaching On Collegiality.....................................................................................................................