Topic: The Spread of Islam (Ch. 3, S 3; pages 77-82) Name: Date: Essential Question: Describe the three phases in which Islam wasPeriod: spread AND how did this impact further spread throughout the other countries? Questions/Main Ideas: Notes/Details: What is Muslim Expansion? Spread of Muslim rule took place in _____________ ______________ st 1 phase was wave of conquests by ___________ _____________ nd 2 phase was conquests by ______________________ _____________ rd 3 conquest was peaceful spread of _______________ by merchants and missionaries Early Conquests Before launching wars of conquest a new leader had to be chosen after ________________________ death. Also needed to win back _____________tribes Chose _________ ______________ as leader since he was an old friend Given the title of __________________, which meant successor Abu Bakr set out to regain control of Arabian _______________________ Brought back rebel tribes under ________________ rule using ____________ Building an Empire Umar ibn al-Khattab, the next caliph, had armies sweep through Mesopotamia ______________________ and ______________ Arab armies moved into __________________, __________________, and moved across North Africa and into _______________ Were not able to push deeper into Europe when they lost the Battle of Tours Reasons for Success Successful spread of Islam and ______________ rule based on several factors The decline of the ____________________ and Persian Empires was one factor after years of ______________ left empires weak &vulnerable Skill of __________ __________ was a second factor; experts at using soldiers on horseback, and they struck _____________ w/deadly force Third factor was the _____________ and ______________ zeal (passion) of Arab warriors; fought under the banner of Jihad or _______ struggle Jihad can refer to ________________ hard in God’s cause, can be a person’s internal struggle to live by ______________ ____________, and it can also mean waging war to _____________ the ____________ faith _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _ Religious Tolerance Tolerating other religions was another factor that helped the Arabs Arabs allowed people to practice their own ______________ & ___________ Kalid ibn al-Walid promised the people who came to _________________ security of their ________, _____________, & _______________ as long as they paid the ________ _______ Jews and Christians did not have same __________ __________ as Muslims, but were allowed to practice their own faith The final factor that helped Muslims was the __________ to ___________ Islam offered ____________ path to God and __________________ and emphasized equality of all believers; only thing a devout Muslim had to do was follow the _______ ____________; many non-Arabs choseaA to convert to _____________ because of these ideas Conquests by Non-Arab Peoples 2nd phase was the spread of Islam through conquest of non-Arab people a Groups converted while _____________ Muslim lands Took Islam to homeland and brought it to new lands they conquered Most successful group were _________ and ______________ Turks were from ____________ Asia and migrated to Muslim land in ______ They were fierce soldiers and even gained power themselves—group called the ____________ spread Islam into Central Asia; another group called _____________ created large Muslim empire in _______ Mongols helped spread Islam through __________________ Took new faith into Central Asia and ______________ ___________ Invaded India and converted many _____________ to Islam Merchants and Missionaries 3rd phase of spread of Islam was done peacefully by Muslim ______________ who traveled to new lands to trade and took their ___________w/them Southeast _________ and West __________ were exposed to Islam this way What is Islam like today? Spread of Islam still going on today; religion of many people around world The Growth of Modern Islam Worlds’ second-largest religion after Christianity Only 20% of Muslims are Arabs ______________________________________________________________ _ _____________________________________________________________ Division of Islam Muslims are divided into two main groups: ____________ and ___________ Sunnis are major Islamic sect making up _______% of all Muslims Shiites form largest minority Islamic sect Some _________________ differences separate the groups but split is mostly political Original division occurred over the question of Muhammad’s _____________ Most Arabs believed the caliph should be chosen by leaders of community This group became known as ___________--they viewed the caliph as a ______________ and not as a _____________ _______________ Other followers believed Muhammad’s relatives should become caliph This group was the ____________and felt his relatives were inspired by God Despite this division, Muslims are united by basic beliefs: ___________________one God Revere word of God as revealed by the _______________ Accept _______ pillars as guidelines to a _______________ _______ Summary, Reflection, Analysis .