PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research University of Tlemcen Faculty of Letters and Languages Department of English U.S Democracy Through The American Revolution Dissertation submitted to the Department of English as a partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in literature and civilization Presented by Supervised by AMIMER Nassim Sebouai Khadidja BOARD OF EXAMINERS: Dr/Chairperson: SENOUCI Faiza Mrs/Supervisor: SEBOUAI Khadidja Mr/Examiner:Kameche Mohammed Academic Year: 2016-2017 Acknowledgments First and foremost the greatest thanks to Allah for helping me to achieve one of my important goal in my life . I would like to thank my supervisor Mrs Sebouai Khadija for advising and supervising me in order to fulfill this work. I am especially grateful to the teachers of Literature and Civilization for supporting students with thier best way of teaching. My sincere thanks goes also to all the members of the Department of English. I Dedications I dedicate this work to my father who is the source of my inspiration and guidance ,and also to my mother for care , and encouraging during the whole year ,as well as to my sisters for patience and comprehension. My thanks and appreciation to all the teachers of English Department. Special dedication goes to my classmates and friends that have helped me during the academic year. II Abstract The advent of Britain to America brought colonial imperialism and occupation of land , since the thirteenth colonies were occupied politically and economically by the British.From this point of view, it can be said that the aim of the colonizer was to exploit and maximize the profits from the New World which became as clear as, when the Parliament passed a series of Acts and especially the Navigation Act in 1651 that imposed taxes on the American imports.As a result, the American reactions were expressed through the Boston Tea Party.Immediately,the Americans recognized the need of unification in order to demand their rights as the English subjects by calling for protection and equal treatment .However,the demand was rejected ;instead Britain sent more troops to keep order on the colonies .Therefore, the Americans announced the Declaration of Independence that was adopted by most of the Americans and quickly established the First Continental Congress to defend their rights.Consequently,they founded a Continental Army and began to cooperate between each others .Arguably,it was the beginning of the revolution confirmed by the Battle of Lexington and Concord in 1775 and ending the Americans as the only victorious by the Battle of Yorktown.This paper is an attempt to provide a clear image about the relationship between the colonizer and the colonized focusing on not only the main causes and major events that led to the revolutionary war,but also on the path towards democracy and building the young United States as a strong new nation and an influential model. III Table of Contents Acknowledgments..............................................................................................I Dedication..........................................................................................................II Abstract............................................................................................................III Table of Contents............................................................................................IV List of Tables..................................................................................................VII General Introduction........................................................................................1 Chapter One : The Main Causes and Events of the American Revolution..........................................................................................................4 1-1 Introduction....................................................................................................4 1-2 British Imperialism in the New World..........................................................4 1-3 Economic Reasons.........................................................................................5 1-4 Political Reasons ...........................................................................................5 1-5 Religious Reasons..........................................................................................6 1-6 The American Thirteen Colonies...................................................................7 1-7 The Major Taxes and Events.........................................................................9 1-7-1 The Molasses Act in 1763......................................................................9 1-7-2 The Sugar Act in 1764...........................................................................9 1-7-3 The Quartering Act in 1765...................................................................9 1-7-4 The Stamp Act in 1765.......................................................................10 1 -7-5 The Townshend Act in 1767...............................................................10 1-7-6 The Boston Massacre in 1770.............................................................10 IV 1-7-7 The Boston Tea Party...........................................................................10 1-8 The Intolerable Acts....................................................................................11 1-9 The First Continental Congress 1774..........................................................11 1-10 The Battles of Lexington and Concord 1775..............................................11 1-11 The Second Continental Congress 1775.....................................................11 1-12 Thomas Paine’s Common Sense................................................................12 1-13 Definition of Democracy............................................................................12 1-14 U.S Democracy in Relation to the American Revolution...........................13 1-15 Conclusion..................................................................................................14 Chapter Two :Path Towards Building a New Nation 2.1 Introduction..................................................................................................17 2.2 The Declaration of Independence 1776......................................................17 2.2.1 The reaction to the Declaration of Independence...................................18 2.3 The Main American victories.......................................................................19 2.3.1 The Battle of Bunker Hill 1755..............................................................19 2.3.2 The Battle of Saratoga 1777.................................................................19 2.3.3 The Battle of Yorktown 1781................................................................20 2.4 The Immediate Results of the Revolution....................................................21 2.4.1 The Treaty of Paris 1873........................................................................22 2.5 The Impacts of the New Nation...................................................................23 2. 5.1 Inside U.S.A.........................................................................................23 2.5.2 Outside U.S.A........................................................................................23 2.5.2.1 Impacts on France..................................................................................23 2.5.2.2 Impacts on Great Britain........................................................................24 V 2.5.2.3 Impacts on Ireland.................................................................................24 2.5.2.4 Impacts on Canada................................................................................25 2.5.2.5 Impacts on Spain....................................................................................25 2.6 The Making of the Republic........................................................ ..................25 2.7 The Path towards Democracy.........................................................................27 2.7.1 Women’s Contribution to Democracy.................................................27 2.7.2 Jeffersonian Democracy......................................................................29 2.7.3 Jacksonian Democracy........................................................................29 2.7.4 U.S Democracy : Freedom, Equality and Liberty..................................30 2.8 The New Nation 1783...................................................................................33 2.9 American Foreign Policy..............................................................................36 2.9.1 Monroe Doctrine......................................................................................38 2.10 The Civil War 1861-1865.............................................................................39 2.11 Conclusion....................................................................................................41 General Conclusion.................................................................................................42 Bibliography ...........................................................................................................44 VI LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Population Growth during the Nineteenth Century..... .........35 Table 2.2 Slave Population from 1800 -1860 ........................................40 VII General Introduction