Superficial Geology and Hydrogeological Domains between Durham and Darlington Phase 1 (Durham South) Report prepared for the Environment Agency by the British Geological Survey Commercial Report CR/07/002N BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT PREPARED FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY BY THE BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROGRAMME COMMERCIAL REPORT CR/07/002 N Superficial Geology and The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used Hydrogeological Domains with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. between Durham and Darlington Licence No: 100017897/2007. Environment Agency: Phase 1 (Durham South) 100026380/2007 Keywords Hydrogeology, domains, cross- S J Price, J E Merritt, K Whitbread, R S Lawley, V Banks, H Burke, section, superficial deposits. A M Irving, A H Cooper Front cover Geological fence diagram for Durham South area. Bibliographical reference S J PRICE, J E MERRITT, K WHITBREAD, R S LAWLEY, V BANKS, H BURKE, A M IRVING, A H COOPER. 2007. Superficial Geology and Hydrogeological Domains between Durham and Darlington Phase 1 (Durham South). British Geological Survey Commercial Report, CR/07/002. 47pp. Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected]. You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. Maps and diagrams in this book use topography based on Ordnance Survey mapping. © NERC 2007. All rights reserved Keyworth, Nottingham. 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(Earth Galleries), Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2DE The British Geological Survey is a component body of the Natural Environment Research Council. 020-7589 4090 Fax 020-7584 8270 020-7942 5344/45 email: [email protected] Forde House, Park Five Business Centre, Harrier Way, Sowton, Exeter, Devon EX2 7HU 01392-445271 Fax 01392-445371 Geological Survey of Northern Ireland, Colby House, Stranmillis Court, Belfast BT9 5BF 028-9038 8462 Fax 028-9038 8461 Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB 01491-838800 Fax 01491-692345 Columbus House, Greenmeadow Springs, Tongwynlais, Cardiff, CF15 7NE 029–2052 1962 Fax 029–2052 1963 Parent Body Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, Wiltshire SN2 1EU 01793-411500 Fax 01793-411501 www.nerc.ac.uk Foreword This report is the published product of a commissioned study by the British Geological Survey (BGS) Geology and Landscape North and Geology and Landscape South Programmes on behalf of the Environment Agency North East Region. Acknowledgements In addition to the report authors, the help of a number of people is gratefully acknowledged. In particular, the help of Tony Irving (borehole coding) and Jon Merritt (geological advice) is greatly appreciated. Contents Foreword........................................................................................................................................ 1 Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................ 1 Contents.......................................................................................................................................... 1 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 3 1.1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 3 2 Geological Summary..............................................................................................................4 2.1 Background..................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Bedrock........................................................................................................................... 4 2.3 Superficial Deposits........................................................................................................5 3 Borehole Coding................................................................................................................... 10 3.1 Coding methodology .................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Borehole elevation........................................................................................................ 11 4 Cross-Section construction.................................................................................................. 12 4.1 Methodology................................................................................................................. 12 4.2 Correlation.................................................................................................................... 12 5 Hydrogeology and Hydrogeological Domains ................................................................... 13 5.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................... 13 5.2 Hydrogeology of the Magnesian Limestone. ............................................................... 13 5.3 Hydrogeological Domain Mapping.............................................................................. 14 1 5.4 calculation of hydrogeological domains stage 1........................................................... 16 5.5 calculation of hydrogeological domains stage 2........................................................... 17 5.6 Calculation of hydrogeological domains stage 3.......................................................... 17 6 Limitations............................................................................................................................ 18 6.1 Borehole Data............................................................................................................... 18 6.2 Geological Interpretation.............................................................................................. 18 6.3 Cross-Section Construction.......................................................................................... 18 6.4 Uncertainty ................................................................................................................... 19 6.5 Recommendations ........................................................................................................ 20 References .................................................................................................................................... 21 Appendix 1 Figures ............................................................................................................... 23 Appendix 2 Non-confidential cross-section boreholes ............................................................. 34 Appendix 3 Aquitard and Aquifer thickness maps.................................................................. 39 Appendix 4 Cross-Sections ......................................................................................................... 43 FIGURES Figure 1 Existing Superficial Deposits map (DiGMapGB 50) of the Durham South area 23 Figure 2 Glacial Lake development in the Late Devensian (Stone, Millward & Young, In Prep.) 24 Figure 3 All boreholes coded for project or provided (from EA) in Durham South region (partially on Durham North region) 25 Figure 4 All interpreted non-confidential boreholes available within Durham South region 26 Figure 5 Location of cross-sections and non-confidential boreholes used in interpretation 27 Figure 6 Durham South cross-sections in 3-D 29 Figure 7 Hydrogeological domains Durham South 30 Figure 8 Sedgefield. Area of thick minor aquifer within superficial deposits but spatial relationships related to thickening uncertain 31 Figure 9 Superficial Deposits less than 1.5m thick. From BGS Superficial Deposits Thickness (ASTM) data 32 Figure 10 Rockhead elevation from BGS Rockhead Elevation data 33 TABLES Table 1 Comparison of glacigenic subgroups