Global Advanced Research Journal of Social Science Vol. 1(3) pp. 053-058, August, 2012 Available online http://garj.org/garjss/index.htm Copyright © 2012 Global Advanced Research Journals Review How do coffeehouses create a third place for international students: Hookah Lounge and Coffeehouse as case study Akram M Ijla University of Palestine, Gaza E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 12 July, 2012 This paper examines the coffeehouse’s role in creating and facilitating a third place for international students at the USA Universities. It is an attempt to identify Hookah Coffeehouse, a coffeehouse which is located near Cleveland State Campus in Ohio, as a third place that become part of the Cleveland State University international students cultural landscape and to shed light on its role in fostering social life among them. Hookah as an illustrative case, this report presents and analyzes the social, spatial, and cultural aspects that create a third place for international students at Cleveland State University. The paper shows how these social aspects change private space to become public place. The conclusions point to the dynamic and the elastic nature of social places as expressed in specific cultural contexts of the international students who are studying and living in Cleveland. Keywords: Coffeehouses, international students, Hookah Lounge INTRODUCTION After a long day at work or a lazy afternoon at home, healthy and sick, school-aged and retired. many of us seek solace and distraction in a place where Oldenburg (1990) states that great civilizations, like the magical combination of comfort, familiarity, and good great cities, share a common feature. Evolving within company transform an ordinary hangout into our special them and crucial to their growth and refinement are “third place”. distinctive informal public gathering places. These Hunter (2002) states, I'm not talking about winning and become as much a part of the urban landscape as of the losing here, or races or sports or politics, but something citizen’s daily life and, invariably, they come to dominate far more important: the simple art of living your life in the the image of the city. Thus, its profusion of sidewalk real world. In that world, as someone has pointed out, all cafes seems to be in Paris . The soul of London communities, and therefore all members of communities, resides in her many pubs . Vienna’s presence is seen need a "third place." It's not your home. It's not where you and felt most within those eternal coffeehouses . the work. Those are the first two places. No, it's the place bier garten that is father to more formal German where you go to, um, be. (p.23) organizations, and the Japanese teahouse whose The coffeehouse is a place where I people watch; ceremonies are the model for an entire way of life. where I’m inspired by those who visit the third place. It This paper will examine the coffeehouse’s role in gives a glimpse of persons of every walk of life: young creating and facilitating a third place for international and old, rich and poor, small and large, quiet and loud, students. It is an attempt to identify Hookah Coffeehouse 054 Glo. Adv. Res. J. Soc. Sci as a third place that become part of the Cleveland State subtitle says it all: "Cafes, Coffee Shops, Community University international students cultural landscape and Centers, Beauty Parlors, General Stores, Bars, Hangouts to shed light on its role in fostering social life among them. and How They Get You through the Day." The concept Hookah as an illustrative case, this report presents and struck a chord and the book became surprisingly popular. analyzes the social, spatial, and cultural aspects that Many businesses and organizations redesigned create a third place for international students at themselves to encourage people to socialize. Some even Cleveland State University. The paper shows how these incorporated "third place" in their names. We now have, social aspects change private space to become public for example, the Third Place Coffeehouse in Raleigh, place. The conclusions point to the dynamic and the North Carolina, and the Third Place Bookstore in Lake elastic nature of social places as expressed in specific Forest, Washington. Oldenburg even released a second cultural contexts of the international students who are book earlier this year: Celebrating the Third Place: studying and living in Cleveland. Inspiring Stories About the "Great Good Places" at the Heart of Our Communities . Theoretical framework Location and brief description "The Third Place" is a term used in the concept of community building to refer to social surroundings The Hookah Lounge and Coffeehouse is located next to separate from the two usual social environments of home the Historic Palace Theater, 1505 Euclid Ave, in the and the workplace. Oldenburg (1990) wrote The great, opposite site to Starbucks coffeehouse that is located on good place , perhaps the most influential work to date on the corner of Theater Square at Cleveland, Ohio. The why third places are important for civil society. Third coffee house consists of a ground floor and mezzanine places and public spaces are important features for balcony. The coffee house has two doors, one opened on democracy, civic engagement, and establishing feelings the main street (Euclid Ave) and the other has in internal of a sense of place (p.12) access to the main lobby of four floor offices building. The Oldenburg (1990) explained that “ all great societies functional diagram of the first floor contains the service provide informal meeting places, like the Forum in and quick- pick bar, small tables for one or two persons, ancient Rome or a contemporary English pub. But since tobacco hookah services, newspapers stand, and T.V. World War II, America has ceased doing so. The screen. The second floor (Mezzanine) has tables with neighborhood tavern hasn't followed the middle class out privacy. Being that Hookah is located downtown, it is very to the suburbs” (p.14). Accordingly, for eight years, accessible to Cleveland State University, offices buildings, Oldenburg devoted himself to gathering the legend and and other businesses. lore of America's last remaining neighborhood taverns, ma-and-pa grocery stores and other examples of what he calls "third places." The term derives from Oldenburg's Literature review gloss on a Freudian concept. Sigmund Freud held that emotional well-being depends upon having someone to Examining the number of texts concerning the love and work to do. Oldenburg argues that the great coffeehouses allows me to frame the structure and the psychoanalyst made his mental-health list one item too boundaries of this study which will comment on how short. Besides a mate and a job, Oldenburg said, we coffeehouses create a third place for international need a dependable place of refuge where, for a few students in Cleveland. The analysis of the following texts minutes a day, we can escape the demands of family and will assist to figure out and utilize a comparison and bosses. In that kind of psychological Eden, an easy-going triangulation tools of a new ideas regarding the research conviviality allows us to be temporarily amnesic to our question. Also, it suggests new ways to conduct the woes and shortcomings. Oldenburg is convinced that analysis of the gathered data on our group project. The many problems of contemporary society-alienation in the following materials will be used as a comparison and workplace and soaring divorce rates trace to America's triangulation tools to measure our findings: Alone declining supply of such third places (p.15). Together: public and private dimension of a Tel-Aviv Café (1991) written by Shapira, R. and David Navon; Media and Discourse in the Twentieth-Century Coffeehouse There's no place like third place Movement (1990) written by Vartabedian, L. and Robert Vartabedian; Surfing the Coffeehouse (1996) written by As I noted before, the term third place was invented by Sommerville, C.; The Late Class , written by McGrath, sociologist Ray Oldenburg and first appeared in his 1990 Ben (2006); Getting the blind right written by Clements, book The great good place , a celebration of the places Alison (2005); Carrying the coffee to Seattle by where people can regularly go to relax and commune Economist (2005); and Café Society written by with friends, neighbors, and just whoever shows up. The Hertsgaard, Mark (2004). Akram 055 To quantify the content of the mentioned texts, I a cultural markers, social spot rooted in the community, structured a method to find out what are the attributes and place for the creative people. They hold a tolerant life beyond the texts. After the description of behavioral and style, politically progressive people, and racially mixed values including the cultural aspect on social organization places. People feel these places as part of them and and social interaction within groups and society, I saying that these places are third place for people. categorized my analysis into three groups that related to While Starbucks and Borders Café' are a commercial each other: people, places, and activities. places, they are places where people build relationships by hanging out and arranging to meet in the third hub. In conclusion, the findings through the content analysis People of the three texts indicate that coffee houses are dynamic and elastic social places as expressed in the specific The five coffeehouses (individual or theme) have variety culture context of each coffee house place. Texts clarify of target groups. San Francisco’s coffee houses are the the social and cultural function of the coffee houses as a most places that are considered frequently by all kinds of third place which plays an interactional and mediating people from different professions, ages, appearances, role between work place function and house function.