GREETINGS! THE MEETING AND AFFILIATION WITH DR. WARREN WASHINGTON ALL HAPPENED ON A FATEFUL MONDAY MORNING CALL FROM AMY BILLINGSLEY, THE D.C./MID-ATLANTIC COORDINATOR FOR THE HISTORYMAKERS. HER SISTER, EILEEN CLINE, CONNECTED US WITH WARREN WASHINGTON. LITTLE DID I KNOW THAT THIS WOULD CHANGE THE COURSE OF OUR ORGANIZATION’S HISTORY. WE HAD ALWAYS HAD OUR SCIENCEMAKERS CATEGORY. IN FACT, AT THE TIME OF THE CALL, WE HAD INTERVIEWED WELL-KNOWN AFRICAN AMERICAN SCIENTISTS LIKE WALTER MASSEY, JAMES BOW- MAN AND GEORGE CARRUTHERS. THE QUESTION WOULD BE HOW COULD WE DO AS MANY AS 180 INTERVIEWS? THE CALL INTRODUCED ME TO YOLANDA GEORGE AND SHIRLEY MALCOM OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE (AAAS). YOLANDA GEORGE BROUGHT US INTO THIS WONDERFUL WORLD OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION ALONG WITH SYLVIA JAMES AND SANDRA WELCH. AT THE TIME, NO ONE COULD HAVE TOLD ME HOW THIS WOULD SHAPE OUR ORGANIZATION FOR THE COMING YEARS. IN THE FALL OF 2009, WE WERE AWARDED A $2.3 MILLION GRANT FROM THE NATIONAL SCI- ENCE FOUNDATION ENTITLED SCIENCEMAKERS: AFRICAN AMERICANS & SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION. OUR GOAL WAS TO INTERVIEW 180 OF THE NATIONS’S TOP SCIENTISTS, DEVELOP AN INNOVATIVE WEBSITE, PARTNER WITH TEN OF THE NATION’S TOP AFRICAN AMERICAN SCIENCE CENTERS, ENGAGE BOTH STEM AND NON-STEM AUDIENCES, YOUNG AND OLD, THE GENERAL POPULATION AND MINORITY YOUTH AND INTRODUCE THEM TO THE WORLD OF SCIENCE THROUGH THE LIVES OF OUR SCIENTISTS. BY ALL INTENTS, THE PROJECT AS ENVISIONED WAS GROUNDBREAKING AND I REMEMBER OUR FIRST PUBLIC PROGRAM AT THE ST. LOUIS SCIENCE CENTER WHERE WE WORKED WITH DIANE MILLER AND HER TEAM. ON A FRIDAY NIGHT, WE HELD OUR PROGRAM FEATURING DR. LARRY GLADNEY, DR. HERMAN WHITE AND DR. JIM GATES. WE HAD 350 PEOPLE, STANDING ROOM ONLY, FROM AGES 9 TO 93, AND YOU COULD HAVE SCRAPED ALL OF US OFF THE CEILING. WE HAD HIT A HOME RUN AND THE SCIENTISTS WERE BEING ASKED FOR THEIR AUTOGRAPHS. THAT SAME EXPERIENCE WAS REPEATED AT COSI, COLUMBUS,DETROIT SCI- ENCE CENTER, FERNBANK SCIENCE CENTER,THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, LAWRENCE HALL OF SCIENCE, MUSEUM OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY, SCIENCE MUSEUM OF MINNESOTA, SCIWORKS, ST. LOUIS SCIENCE CENTER AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKLEY. WE EVEN TOOK IT TO ALLEN TEMPLE BAPTIST CHURCH IN OAKLAND, CA WITH THE SAME ELECTRIFYING EXPERIENCE. THE SCIENTISTS TALKED ABOUT THEIR LIVES AND THE PROGRAMS WERE TRANSFORMATIVE, THIS ALL CONFIRMED THAT WE WERE ON THE RIGHT PATH. WE HAVE BEEN GUIDED BY A WONDERFULLY INVOLVED AND ENGAGED GROUP OF EXPERTS ON OUR SCIENCEMAKERS ADVISORY BOARD INCLUDING OUR CO-CHAIRS DR. WILLIAM LESTER AND DR. WILLIAM PEARSON. THEY HAVE MET WITH US EVERY SUMMER FOR FOUR SUMMERS. THEY HAVE GUIDED US, ENCOURAGED US AND CRITIQUED US IN ORDER TO MAKE US BETTER. WE OWE A DEBT OF GRATITUDE TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION AND OUR NSF PROGRAM OFFICER SHARON TETTEGAH IN NOT ONLY PROVIDING FUNDING BUT GUIDANCE. IN PROVIDING THE SUFFICIENT FUNDING, WE HAVE EVEN DELIVERED ON A DELIVERABLE THAT WAS NOT INCLUDED IN THE GRANT. WE HAVE MADE THE INTERVIEWS TOTALLY ACCESSIBLE BY CREATING A UNIQUE DIGITAL ARCHIVE THROUGH THE COLLOBORATION WITH CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY’S ENTERTAINMENT TECHNOLOGY CENTER. THIS PROJECT ORGINATED WITH A NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FUNDED DEAR WARREN, PROJECT, INFOMEDIA DIGITAL VIDEO LIBRARY, THAT WAS HEADED BY PROFESSOR HOWARD WACTLAR, WHO IS NOW HEAD OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION DIRECTORATE FOR I AM TRULY SORRY I CANNOT JOIN THE HISTORYMAKERS, THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING. ON THE WEBSITE AND RALPH CICERONE, A FELLOW CLIMATE SCIENTIST, TONIGHT TO HONOR YOU IN PERSON. (HTTP://WWW.IDVL.ORG/SCIENCEMAKERS/) 2000 STORIES OF 40 AFRICAN AMERICAN SCIENTISTS WE FIRST MET IN 1990 AT A STRATEGY MEETING OF CLIMATE RESEARCHERS AND TODAY WE ARE AVAILABLE, AND THE NUMBER CONTINUES TO GROW. SHARE THE 2007 NOBEL PEACE PRIZE AND A LEGACY OF BRINGING SCIENCE TO THE PUBLIC. I HAVE NO DOUBT THAT TONIGHT’S INTERVIEW WILL BE ENLIGHTENING, DYNAMIC, AND THIS IS THE FINAL PROGRAM OF OUR NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GRANT, I WANT TO THANK INFORMATIVE. DR. RALPH CICERONE WHO HAS STEPPED UP TO INTERVIEW HIS CLOSE FRIEND, WE COULD NOT HAVE HAD THIS PROGRAM WITHOUT HIM. WE WANT TO THANK THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF WARREN, I WOULD LIKE TO COMMEND YOU ON THIS GREAT HONOR. YOUR WORK ON CLIMATE SCIENCES FOR HOSTING US TONIGHT AND ALLOWING US TO INAUGURATE THIS BEAUTIFUL MODELING AND COMMITMENT TO THE SCIENTIFIC ENTERPRISE HAVE MADE IT A PLEASURE TO AUDITORIUM AFTER IT HAS CLOSED FOR RENOVATIONS FOR THE LAST TWO YEARS. WE ALSO WANT WORK WITH YOU TO CARRY FORWARD OUR MISSION OF ENLIGHTENING SCIENTISTS AND NOT TO THANK OUR HOST COMMITTEE WHOSE DILIGENT WORK HAS MADE TONIGHT POSSIBLE: RICK SCIENTISTS TO THE INCREASING IMPORTANCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING. ANTHES , D. JAMES BAKER, ERIC BARRON, JOSEPH BORDOGNA, RITA COLWELL, RALPH B. EVERETT, JONATHAN T. MALAY, SHIRLEY MALCOM, CORA MARRETT, GERALD MEEHL, ARISTIDES P AS A PIONEER IN HIS FIELD, AN EMINENT CONTRIBUTOR TO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE, AND MOST ATRINOS, MARSHALL SHEPHERD, CHARLES M. VEST AND GINA WOOD. OUR THANKS GOES OUT TO IMPORTANTLY AN INSPIRED EDUCATOR, I CONGRATULATE YOU. WARREN WASHINGTON’S FAMILY INCLUDING MARY WASHINGTON, HIS WIFE AND PARTNER WHO HAS SUPPORTED OUR PROGRAM AND OFTEN ATTENDED OUR MEETINGS. I WANT TO THANK MY STAFF, MY WITH DEEP ADMIRATION, TALENTED AND HARDWORKING PRODUCTION MANAGER PAUL MACKEY, MY SCIENCEMAKERS PROJECT DIRECTOR ALISON BRUZEK WHO HAS BEEN THE BACKBONE OF THE SCIENCEMAKERS INITIATIVE AND OFCOURSE MY DIGITAL ARCHIVIST DAN JOHNSON. FINALLY, I WANT TO THANK TONIGHT’S SPONSOR, LOCKHEED MARTIN, WHO DELIVERED A WONDERFUL RECEPTION. AL GORE TONIGHT WE HONOR ONE OF THE STEM COMMUNITIES’ GIANTS. HE HAS GUIDED OUR PROJECT EVERY STEP OF THE WAY WITH HIS THOUGHTFUL MANNER, HIS ENCOURAGEMENT AND HIS INSIGHT. HIS ROOTS DATE BACK TO RICHMOND, VIRGINIA AND CROSS THE COUNTRY TO PORTLAND, OREGON. HIS STORY IS ONE OF PERSERVERENCE AND TRIUMPH OVER ADVERSITY Y TO BECOME ONE OF THE MOST CELEBATED AND ACCOMPLISHED SCIENTISTS OF OUR TIME. PLEASE SIT BACK AND RELAX AS WE CELEBRATE THE LIFE, LEGACY AND GROUNDBREAKING CAREER OF DR. WAR- REN WASHINGTON. SINCERELY, JULIEANNA RICHARDSON THE HISTORYMAKERS’ FOUNDER AND EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Dr.WarrenNational Medal M. of WashingtonScience Laureate President, the nationalDr.Ralph Academy of B. Sciences Cicerone Dr. WARREN WASHINGTON WAS BORN ON AUGUST 28, 1936 IN PORT- RALPH J. CICERONE IS PRESIDENT OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND LAND, OREGON TO MARY AND EDWIN WASHINGTON. AS A HIGH SCHOOL CHAIR OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL. HIS RESEARCH HAS FOCUSED ON STUDENT, WASHINGTON HAD A KEEN INTEREST IN SCIENCE. AFTER HIGH ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, THE RADIATIVE FORCING OF CLIMATE CHANGE DUE TO SCHOOL, HE EARNED HIS B.A. DEGREE IN PHYSICS AND HIS M.A. DEGREE IN TRACE GASES, AND THE SOURCES OF ATMOSPHERIC METHANE, NITROUS OXIDE, METEOROLOGY FROM OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY. AFTER COMPLETING HIS PH.D. IN AND METHYL HALIDE GASES. HIS SCIENTIFIC WORK HAS INVOLVED HIM IN METEOROLOGY AT PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, WASHINGTON BECAME A SHAPING SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY NATIONALLY AND INTERNATION- RESEARCH SCIENTIST AT THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH ALLY. THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE RECOGNIZED HIS FUNDAMENTAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO (NCAR) IN 1963. HAVING THE POSITION OF SENIOR SCIENTIST AT NCAR IN 1975 LED THE UNDERSTANDING OF GREENHOUSE GASES AND OZONE DEPLETION AND HIS WASHINGTON TO DEVELOP ONE OF THE FIRST ATMOSPHERIC COMPUTER MODELS OF PUBLIC POLICY LEADERSHIP IN PROTECTING THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT WITH ITS THE EARTH’S CLIMATE AND HE SOON BECAME THE HEAD OF THE ORGANIZATION’S 1999 BOWER AWARD AND PRIZE FOR ACHIEVEMENT IN SCIENCE. IN 2001, CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH SECTION IN THE CLIMATE AND GLOBAL DYNAMICS HE LED A NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES STUDY OF THE CURRENT STATE OF CLI- DIVISION. MATE CHANGE, REQUESTED BY PRESIDENT BUSH. AS AN EXPERT IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE, CLIMATE RESEARCH AND COMPUTER MODELING OF THE EARTH’S CLIMATE, WASHINGTON HAS RECEIVED SEVERAL THE AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION, THE WORLD’S LARGEST SOCIETY OF EARTH SCIENTISTS, AWARDED DR. PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS. FROM 1978 TO 1984, HE SERVED ON THE CICERONE ITS JAMES B. MACELWANE AWARD IN 1979 FOR OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS TO GEOPHYS- PRESIDENT’S NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE. IN ICS BY A YOUNG SCIENTIST. HE LATER SERVED AS ITS PRESIDENT AND WAS AWARDED ITS 2002 ROGER 1990, HE BEGAN SERVING ON THE SECRETARY OF ENERGY’S BIOLOGICAL AND REVELLE MEDAL FOR OUTSTANDING RESEARCH CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH’S ATMO- ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ADVISORY COMMITTEE, AND IN 1996, HE ASSUMED SPHERIC PROCESSES,BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES, AND KEY ELEMENTS OF THE CLIMATE SYSTEM. IN 2004, THE CHAIR OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON GLOBAL CHANGE. HE HAS ALSO SERVED THE WORLD CULTURAL COUNCIL HONORED HIM WITH THE ALBERT EINSTEIN WORLD AWARD IN SCIENCE. DR. ON THE MODERNIZATION TRANSITION COMMITTEE AND THE NATIONAL CENTERS CICERONE IS A MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND FOR ENVIRONMENT PREDICTION ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF THE UNITED STATES SCIENCES, THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY; AND HE IS A FOREIGN MEMBER OF THE ACCADEMIA NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE. IN APRIL 2000, THE UNITED STATES SECRETARY NAZIONALE DEI LINCEI, THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, THE KOREAN OF ENERGY APPOINTED HIM TO THE ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING ADVISORY ACADEMY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ACADEMIA SINICA, THE REAL ACADEMIA DE CIENCIAS, AND THE COMMITTEE. WASHINGTON WAS ALSO APPOINTED TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD AND ROYAL SOCIETY. ELECTED CHAIR OF THE ORGANIZATION IN 2002 AND 2004. DR. CICERONE WAS EDUCATED AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (SBEE AND CAPTAIN OF AMONG HIS MANY AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS, WASHINGTON HAS RECEIVED BOTH THE BASEBALL TEAM) AND THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS. HE BEGAN HIS RESEARCH CAREER AT THE UNIVER- THE LE VERNIER MEDAL OF THE SOCIETE METEROLOGIQUE DE FRANCE AND THE SITY OF MICHIGAN (1970-1978), WHERE THE RALPH J.