Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 161 (2018) 11–24 Two new species of the mirine plant bug genus Cheilocapsus Kirkaldy (Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae) from Japanese Ryukyus and Taiwan Tomohide Yasunaga The fauna of the Asian mirine plant bug genus Cheilocapsus Kirkaldy, 1902 (Mirinae: Mirini) in the Japanese Ryukyu islands and Taiwan is updated, based mainly on new morphological features. Four species are now recognized, with descriptions of two new species, Cheilocapsus maius sp. n. (from Taiwan) and C. martius sp. n. (Ishigaki and Iriomote Islands of the Ryukyus). An annotated checklist including all known congeners and a key to the four species are provided. The phylogenetic relationship between Cheilocapsus and Pantilius Curtis is argued on the basis of their detailed structures and zoogeographical distribution pattern. Keywords: Heteroptera; Miridae; Cheilocapsus; new species; Japan; Ryukyus; Taiwan; phylogenetic relationship Tomohide Yasunaga, Research Associate, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA. [email protected] Introduction Reevaluation of detailed structures with the aid of The plant bug genus Cheilocapsus was proposed by a Tabletop SEM for some Asian mirine plant bugs Kirkaldy (1902) to accommodate a single Burmese revealed misidentifications ofCheilocapsus specimens species, C. flavomarginatus Kirkaldy, from the north- from Ishigaki and Iriomote Islands of the Japanese eastern montane region (possibly Shan District of Ryukyus as well as from Taiwan. Some of these current Myanmar Union), neighboring Yunnan Prov- specimens (5 ♂, 2 ♀) are paratypes of Parapantilius ince of SW China. Reuter (1903) established a genus flavomarginatus (= C. miyamotoi). Comparison of Parapantilius for a single Chinese taxon P. thibetanus biometrics and structures of the male and female Reuter, and subsequently two species were added genitalia unequivocally clarified that these specimens from the Ryukyus, Japan (P. flavomarginatus Miya- actually represented either of two new species de- moto & Yasunaga, 1989) and Taiwan (P. taiwanicus scribed herein. Yasunaga, 1994). However, Yasunaga & Kerzhner The present work revises Cheilocapsus from the (1998) considered Cheilocapsus and Parapantilius Japanese Ryukyus and Taiwan, and recognizes four congeneric, and provided the substitute name C. mi- species, including two new species, C. maius sp. n. yamotoi Yasunaga for P. flavomarginatus as the revised (Yaeyama-group) and C. martius sp. n. (Taiwan). combination resulted in a secondary junior hom- The latter, previously identified asC. miyamotoi, is onym of Kirkaldy’s preoccupied flavomarginatus. Liu now considered sympatric with C. taiwanicus. The & Wang (2001) further described two species from genus Cheilocapsus is rediagnosed, based on micro- continental China, so that currently Cheilocapsus is scopic surface structures and genitalic morphology. represented by five species, althoughYasunaga (2011) The phylogenetic relationship of Cheilocapsus to the suspected one of the two Chinese species may be con- Palearctic genus Pantilius Curtis (previously suggest- specific with the Burmese type species. ed by Yasunaga 2011) is reviewed and discussed, and Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 161: 11–24, Table 1, Figs 1–65. [ISSN 0040-7496]. brill.com/tve © Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging. Published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden. Published 15 December 2018. DOI 10.1163/22119434-00002071 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 12:24:15AM via free access <UN> 12 Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, volume 161, 2018 a key is provided to distinguish the four Cheilocapsus and Iriomote Islands of Ryukyus and Taiwan were species from Japan and Taiwan. based on misidentification (now eitherC. maius sp. n. or C. martius sp. n.). — Specimens with USIs: JAPAN: Ryukyus, Amami-Oshima Island, Uken, Ashiken, Materials and methods N28.3015 E129.2577, 11 May 1987, T. ­Yasunaga, The specimens examined are deposited in Ameri- 1 ♂ (AMNH_PBI 00380611) (paratype, TYCN); can Museum of Natural History, New York, USA Amami-Oshima Island, Mt. Yuwandake (Yuwan- (AMNH); National Museum of Natural Science, dake Park), N28.287777 E129.315555, 29–30 May Taichung, Taiwan (NMNS); and T. Yasunaga Col- 1993, T. Yasunaga, 1 ♂ (00380612) (TYCN). lection, Nagasaki, Japan (TYCN). Matrix code labels C. nigrescens Liu & Wang, 2001 — China (Henan, were attached to the holotype and some paratype Shaanxi). specimens; the labels uniquely identify each speci- C. taiwanicus (Yasunaga, 1994) (Figs 14, 18, 60) — men, and are referred to as ‘unique specimen iden- Taiwan (Kaohsiung, Nantou). — Specimens with tifiers’ (USIs). The USI codes [e.g., AMNH_PBI USIs: TAIWAN: Nantou Hsien, Puli District, Mt. 0012345] comprise an institution and project code Hewang-shan (= current Habon, near Wushe), (AMNH_PBI) and a unique number (0012345). N23.92 E120.97, 20 May 1990, S. Gotoh, 1 ♂ These data were digitized on the Arthropod Easy (AMNH_PBI 00380609) (holotype, NMNS); Capture (formerly the Planetary Biodiversity Inven- Kaohsiung Hsien, Taoyuan District, Tengihih Na- tory) database maintained by the AMNH (http:// tional Forest Recreation Area, N23.06, E120.75, research.amnh.org/pbi/) and are searchable on the 12–13 May 1989, S. Gotoh, 1 ♀ (00380610) ‘Heteroptera Species Pages’ (http://research.amnh. (paratype, TYCN). org/pbi/heteropteraspeciespage/). C. thibetanus (Reuter, 1903) (Fig. 30) — China All measurements are in millimeters (mm). Only (known widely from central to southern parts: selected references are cited for known taxa, as com- Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Ningxia, prehensive catalogs are now available (Kerzhner & Sichuan, Tibet and Yunnan). Josifov 1999, Schuh 1995, 2002–2014 online cata- log, and also see Yasunaga 2011). Scanning electron micrographs were taken with Hitachi Tabletop Mi- Taxonomy croscope® TM3030. Terminology mainly follows Davis (1955), Pluot- Cheilocapsus Kirkaldy Sigwalt & Matocq (2017), Yasunaga (1994, 2011), and Yasunaga & Schwartz (2007). The following Cheilocapsus Kirkaldy, 1902: 259 (n. gen.), type species: abbreviations are used in the text and figures to C. flavomarginatus Kirkaldy, 1902, monotypic; Schuh, indicate detailed structures of the male and female 1995: 739 (cat.); Kerzhner & Josifov, 1999: 84 (cat.); genitalia [two capital letters for male and three for Yasunaga, 2001: 229 (diag.); Zheng et al., 2004: 237 female] — DLP: dorsal labiate plate; DOS: dorsal (diag., key to Chinese spp.); Yasunaga, 2011: 371 sac (genital chamber); FGP: first gonapophysis; HP: (diag.); Schuh, 2002–2014, online catalog. hypophysis; IRL: interramal lobe; IRS: interramal Parapantilius Reuter, 1903: 5 (n. gen.), type species: sclerite; LB: lateral lobe; ML: median lobe; ODL: P. ­thibetanus Reuter, 1903, original designation (syn. by oviductus lateralis (lateral oviduct); PT: phallotheca; Yasunaga & Kerzhner, 1998: 88). SL: sensory lobe; SG: secondary gonopore; SCR: sclerotized ring; SP: spicule; VLV1 or 2: first or sec- Diagnosis ond valvula (of ovipositor). Distinguished from other mirine genera by the fol- lowing combination of characters: large, tough body (Figs 1, 4, 7, 10), always with light yellow margins Checklist of Cheilocapsus Kirkaldy that are usually greenish when alive (Fig. 10); more or Cheilocapsus Kirkaldy, 1902 less shagreened dorsum, with uniformly distributed, C. flavomarginatus Kirkaldy, 1902 — Myanmar short, simple setae; sparsely and partly distributed, (Shan District). silvery (sometimes golden, Fig. 10) sericeous setae C. maculipes Liu & Wang, 2001 — China (Henan). that are easily rubbed off; almost uniformly yellow C. maius Yasunaga, sp. n. — Taiwan (Kagi, Nantou). venter; shallowly and rather widely cleft sulcus on C. martius Yasunaga, sp. n. — Japan (Ryukyus: Ish- vertex with short setae (Figs 22, 33); long, thick- igaki and Iriomote Islands). ened antennal segments I and II; short labium not C. miyamotoi Yasunaga, 1998 (Figs 9, 10, 13, 17, reaching middle of mesocoxa; a mesial dark spot be- 31, 32, 52–55, 57, 60) — Japan (Ryukyus: Amami- tween pronotal calli (Figs 11–14); striped and weakly Oshima and Okinawa Islands); records from Ishigaki carinate lateral margin of pronotum (Figs 3, 6, 9); Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 12:24:15AM via free access <UN> Yasunaga: New mirid species of Cheilocapsus 13 Figs 1–9. Habitus images of Cheilocapsus species in dorsal (1, 4, 7), ventral (2, 5, 8) and lateral (3, 6, 9) view (2, 5, 7 each with shagreened base of mesocoxa in left lateral view). – 1–3, C. martius, holotype male; 4–6, C. martius, paratype female; 7, C. maius, holotype male; 8, C. maius, paratype female; 9, C. miyamotoi, paratype female from Amami-Oshima Island. a dark spot on the epimeron (Figs 6, 9); green, olive diagnostic characters were provided by Yasunaga or brown median hemelytron (but forewing without (1994, 2011). reddish tinge); a series of minute callosities on lateral base of mesocoxa (presumably a stridulatory device Distribution or simply toughened structure for coxal base, cf. From northern Indochina via southern China to Figs 2, 5, 7, 25, 31); more or less spotted ventral Japan (Ryukyus) and Taiwan. surface of metafemur (Figs 15–18); five similar en- dosomal lobes; roundly sclerotized margin of female Biology genital chamber; enlarged, thick-rimmed sclero- For the Japanese and Taiwanese species, one gen- tized rings; and small interramal lobes. Additional eration per year is assumed. The egg appears to Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 12:24:15AM via free access <UN> 14 Tijdschrift