Additional Resources Reading Your Landscape WHY IT MATTERS Native Seed, Plants, and Seed Collection: HOMEOWNER’S If your back yard is sandy and well-drained Black Oak/Lupine Barren is the classic you may have the right conditions for a Black Wild Ones—Oak Openings Chapter “Oak Openings” community that his- Oak/Lupine Barren. Look for white and black NATIVE HABITAT oakopenings.wildones.org torically covered about 45% of the re- oak as the dominate canopy tree. Metroparks Toledo Native Seed Nursery GUIDE gion. This community is a savanna, metroparkstoledo.com/features-and-rentals/ where black oak and white oak are native-seed-nursery/ widely spaced allowing sunlight to Wood County Park District Stewardship reach the surface, which creates a rich Department herbaceous layer. This community is (419) 661-5113 fire dependent. Lack of fire has caused woody invasions of the savanna and Toledo Zoo Conservation Department www.toledozoo.org/prairie/ decreased grass and forb diversity. Possible Restoration Assistance: The Nature Conservancy (419) 867-1521 Natural Resources Conservation Service www.nrcs.usda.gov Visit A Black Oak/Lupine Barren STEPS TO BACKYARD BLACK OAK/ HABITAT RESTORATION Kitty Todd Nature Preserve 10420 Old State Line Rd, Swanton, OH 43558 LUPINE BARRENS 1. Inventory what you already have Oak Openings Preserve Metropark 2. Watch water behavior 4139 Girdham Rd, Swanton, OH 43558 The Green Ribbon Initiative is a partnership of public and 3. Remove invasive species A resource for landowners interested private organizations, landowners, and individuals working 4. See what returns naturally together to preserve, enhance, and restore critical natural in restoring their Oak Openings 5. Enhance with native species areas in the Oak Openings Region of Northwest Ohio and Region property. Southeast Michigan. 6. Maintain with yearly mowing www.oakopenings.org [email protected] RESTORATION TOOLS BO/L Barrens Native Plants INTERMEDIATE: These plants indicate that the habitat is Invasive Plants to Control maturing. Consider interseeding with species from this Grasses/Sedges Flowers Trees/Shrubs list. This is not a comprehensive list of the inva- The best management is integrated management. sive plants that can be found in black oak/ Bottlebrush Grass Elymus hystrix No one of these tools on its own is a cure-all. BASIC: This list indicates plants that are most common to □ lupine barrens. These six species are some of Think about how each could address the needs of this plant community. Seeds are available through the GRI. □ Pasture Thistle Cirsium discolor the most widespread. For more information your property. □ White Snakeroot Eupatorium rugosum about how to ID and control these and other □ Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii □ Large-leaf Aster Eurybia macrophylla invasive species you might find in the Oak Openings Region, visit the Midwest Invasive Hand-Weeding—can be used to control □ Common Broom-sedge Andropogon virginicus False Sunflower Heliopsis helianthoides □ Species Information Network at □ Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium many non-woody invasive species in areas □ Hairy Hawkweed Hieracium gronovii www.misin.msu.edu. where herbicide use is undesirable. Be vigilant □ Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutans □ Sky Blue Aster Symphyotrichum when disturbing large areas of soil as the dis- □ Graceful Sedge Carex gracillima ruption will promote the germination of weed □ Swan’s Sedge Carex swanii □ Smooth Aster Symphiotrichum laeve seeds lying dormant in the ground. □ Pennsylvania Sedge Carex pensylvanica □ Sessile-leaved Tick-trefoil Desmodium sessilifolium □ Butterfly-weed Asclepias tuberosa □ Goat’s Rue Tephrosia virginiana Herbicide—can be used with caution to con- □ Grass-leaved Goldenrod Euthamia graminifolia □ Wood Betony Pedicularis canadensis trol invasive species. The two most common □ Woodland Sunflower Helianthus divaricatus □ Woodland Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana methods of application are spraying herbicide Rough Blazing-star Liatris aspera □ Wild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis □ COMMON BUCKTHORN MULTIFLORA ROSE on the leaves of the plant, or, for woody species, □ Wild Licorice Galium circaezans □ Sweet Everlasting Pseudognaphalium obtusifo- cutting the trunk/stem close to the ground and □ New Jersey Tea Ceanothus americanus applying herbicide to the stump. Herbicides □ Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta must always be used in accordance with their □ Early Goldenrod Solidago juncea labels and with the appropriate safety equip- □ Gray Goldenrod Solidago nemoralis HIGH BIODIVERSITY: These plants indicate that the habi- ment. □ Tall Ironweed Vernonia gigantea tat is mature. Plants on this list may be difficult to acquire. □ Yellow False Indigo Baptisia tinctoria □ Poverty Oat Grass Danthonia spicata Mowing—can be used to set back invasives or □ Little-leaved Tick- Desmodium ciliare □ Plantain-leaved Everlast- Antennaria plantaginifolia more vigorous native species to give others a SPOTTED KNAPWEED BLACK SWALLOWWORT chance. Make sure that any invasive species you □ Small-leaved Tick- Desmodium mailandicum □ Plains Puccoon Lithospermum car- might be mowing are unable to re-sprout from Roundhead Bushclover Lespedeza capitata □ Flowering Spurge Euphorbia corollata stem fragments. □ □ Hairy Bushclover Lespedeza hirta □ Annual False Foxglove Aureolaria pedicularia □ Wild Lupine Lupinus perennis □ Culver’s-root Veronicastrum virginicum Burning—can be used to reinvigorate natives □ Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa □ Bastard-toadflax Comandra umbellata and set back invasives. Fire is essential for many □ Birdfoot Violet Viola pedata Oak Openings ecosystems, but should be □ Hairy Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum pilosum □ Two-flowered Cynthia Krigia biflora planned and implemented carefully. □ White Vervain Verbena urticifolia □ Pasture Rose Rosa carolina EURASIAN HONEYSUCKLES ORIENTAL BITTERSWEET .