2016 Dadu and Larkana Dadu Child Rights Situation Analysis in Benazirabad, Analysis Situation Rights Child DevCon Compiled by: An Association for Rural Ali Zaidi Development House No. 109, Sindhi Muslim cooperative Housing Society,Qasimabad, Hyderabad, Pakistan, 71000 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. II MAP OF THE TARGET DISTRICTS IN SINDH ............................................................................. VI ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS ............................................................................................ VII LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................................................... XI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... XII 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND .............................................................................. 15 1.1 THE CONTEXT .................................................................................................................. 16 1.2 INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS & CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ................................................ 20 1.2.1. INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS .............................................................................................. 20 1.2.2. CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS ........................................................................................................ 20 1.3 NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................................... 21 2. METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH .................................................................................. 22 2.1. TYPES OF RIGHT-BASED ANALYSES APPLIED ........................................................................... 22 2.1.1. DISAGGREGATED MAPPING ..................................................................................................... 22 2.1.2. CAUSAL ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................. 23 2.1.3. ROLE/RESPONSIBILITY ANALYSIS ............................................................................................... 23 2.1.4. CAPACITY GAP ANALYSIS......................................................................................................... 23 2.1.5. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 24 2.1.6. TREND ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.7. GENDER ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................. 24 2.2. METHODS/TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION ............................................................................. 24 2.2.1. PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION .................................................................................................... 25 2.2.1.1. Informal interviews with Experts ..................................................................................... 25 2.2.1.2. Semi-Structured Interviews .......................................................................................... 25 2.2.1.3. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) ................................................................................... 26 2.2.2. SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION ................................................................................................ 27 ii 2.3. CONSTRAINTS / CHALLENGE ............................................................................................... 27 3. DISTRICT PROFILES ........................................................................................................... 29 3.1. BENAZIRABAD ................................................................................................................ 29 3.1.1. MAIN SOURCES OF LIVELIHOOD/INCOME ................................................................................... 30 3.1.2. GOVERNANCE ....................................................................................................................... 30 3.1.3. HEALTH & IMMUNIZATION ...................................................................................................... 31 3.1.4. EDUCATION .......................................................................................................................... 32 3.1.4.1. Gender and Education Status ....................................................................................... 33 3.2. DADU .......................................................................................................................... 35 3.2.1 MAIN SOURCE OF LIVELIHOODS/INCOME .................................................................................... 37 3.2.2. GOVERNANCE ....................................................................................................................... 38 3.2.3. HEALTH AND IMMUNIZATION ................................................................................................... 38 3.2.4. EDUCATION .......................................................................................................................... 39 3.2.4.1. Gender and Education Status ....................................................................................... 40 3.3. LARKANA ...................................................................................................................... 41 3.3.1. MAIN SOURCE OF INCOME/LIVELIHOODS ................................................................................... 42 3.3.2. GOVERNANCE ....................................................................................................................... 42 3.3.3. HEALTH & IMMUNIZATION ...................................................................................................... 43 3.3.4. EDUCATION .......................................................................................................................... 45 3.3.4.1. Gender and Education Status ....................................................................................... 46 4. ANALYSIS OF SITUATION ON THE UNCRC............................................................ 48 4.1. THEME 1: CHILD RIGHTS GOVERNANCE (INCLUDING INVESTMENT IN CHILDREN) ............................ 48 4.1.1. GENERAL MEASURES OF IMPLEMENTATION ................................................................................ 48 4.1.2. LEGISLATION ......................................................................................................................... 50 4.1.3. INDEPENDENT MONITORING .................................................................................................... 51 4.1.4. COORDINATION ..................................................................................................................... 51 4.1.5. KNOWLEDGE AND CAPACITY BUILDING ...................................................................................... 52 4.1.6. TALE OF AVAILABLE DATA ....................................................................................................... 52 4.1.7. COOPERATION WITH CIVIL SOCIETY ........................................................................................... 53 4.1.8. DEFINITION OF THE CHILD ....................................................................................................... 53 4.1.9. GENERAL PRINCIPLES ............................................................................................................. 54 4.1.9.1. Non- Discriminations ..................................................................................................... 54 4.1.9.2. Respect for the Views of the Child ................................................................................ 56 4.1.9.3. Best Interest of the Child .............................................................................................. 57 iii | P a g e 4.1.10. CIVIL RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES .................................................................................................. 57 4.1.10.1. Birth Registration ........................................................................................................ 57 4.1.11. ARE CHILDREN HAPPY IN THEIR VILLAGES? ............................................................................... 58 4.2. THEME 2: CHILD PROTECTION ........................................................................................ 59 4.2.1. PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN BELOW 5 YEARS OLD ............................................................................ 59 4.2.2. PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN: 5-10 YEARS OF AGE ........................................................................... 59 4.2.3. PROBLEM OF GIRLS: 10-18 YEARS OF AGE................................................................................. 60 4.2.4. CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IN HOMES .......................................................................................... 60 4.2.5. CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IN SCHOOLS ....................................................................................... 62 4.2.6. CHILD BEGGING ...................................................................................................................