Archaeological Research & Consultancy at the University of Sheffield Graduate School of Archaeology West Court 2 Mappin Street Sheffield S1 4DT Phone 0114 2225106 Fax 0114 2797158 Project Report 873b.3(1) Archaeological Building Recording and Watching Brief: Manor Oaks Farm, Manor Lane, Sheffield, South Yorkshire Volume 1: Text and Illustrations July 2007 By Mark Douglas and Oliver Jessop Prepared For: GREEN ESTATES LTD. Manor Lodge 115 Manor Lane Sheffield S2 1UH Manor Oaks Farm, Manor Lane, Sheffield, South Yorkshire National Grid Reference: SK 3763 8685 Archaeological Building Recording and Watching Brief Report 873b.3(1) © ARCUS 2007 Fieldwork Survey Reporting Steve Baker, Lucy Dawson, Mark Douglas, Steve Mark Douglas, Oliver Jessop and Mark Stenton Duckworth, Tegwen Roberts, Alex Rose-Deacon, Oliver Jessop and Simon Jessop Illustrations Archive Kathy Speight Lucy Dawson Checked by: Passed for submission to client: Date: Date: Oliver Jessop MIFA Anna Badcock Project Manager Assistant Director Archaeological Building Recording and Watching Brief: Manor Oaks, Sheffield – i ARCUS Report 873b.3(1) - July 2007 CONTENTS NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY................................................................................................ VI 1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................7 2 AIMS AND METHODOLOGY............................................................................................7 2.1 Aims .................................................................................................................................. 7 2.2 Location of Site and General Layout .................................................................................. 7 2.3 Fieldwork Programme....................................................................................................... 8 2.4 Photographic Survey ......................................................................................................... 8 2.5 Survey Archive................................................................................................................... 8 3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND...........................................................................................8 3.1 Historical Summary........................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Medieval Period................................................................................................................. 9 3.3 Post-medieval Period ........................................................................................................ 9 4 THE STANDING BUILDINGS..........................................................................................11 4.1 Summary......................................................................................................................... 11 4.2 Summary of Standing Structures .................................................................................... 12 5 MANOR OAKS HOUSE...................................................................................................13 5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 13 5.2 The exterior .................................................................................................................... 13 5.3 The interior ..................................................................................................................... 14 5.4 The cellars....................................................................................................................... 14 5.5 The ground floor ............................................................................................................. 15 5.6 The first floor .................................................................................................................. 18 5.7 The attics......................................................................................................................... 19 5.8 Watching brief................................................................................................................. 20 5.9 Phased Development of the house .................................................................................. 21 5.10 Discussion ....................................................................................................................... 22 6 THE ANCILLARY BUILDINGS.........................................................................................23 6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 23 6.2 Building 2......................................................................................................................... 23 6.3 Building 3......................................................................................................................... 23 6.4 Building 4......................................................................................................................... 23 6.5 Building 5......................................................................................................................... 23 6.6 Building 6......................................................................................................................... 24 Archaeological Building Recording and Watching Brief: Manor Oaks, Sheffield – ii ARCUS Report 873b.3(1) - July 2007 6.7 Building 7......................................................................................................................... 24 6.8 Building 8......................................................................................................................... 24 6.9 The exterior .................................................................................................................... 24 6.10 The interior ..................................................................................................................... 26 6.11 Building 9......................................................................................................................... 27 6.12 The interior ..................................................................................................................... 27 6.13 Building 10 ....................................................................................................................... 28 6.14 Building 11 ........................................................................................................................ 28 6.15 Building 12 ....................................................................................................................... 29 6.16 Building 13 ....................................................................................................................... 29 6.17 Building 14 ....................................................................................................................... 29 6.18 Building 15 ....................................................................................................................... 29 6.19 Building 16 ....................................................................................................................... 29 7 THE FARM COMPLEX AND ITS LANDSCAPE SETTING...............................................29 7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 29 7.2 The ha-ha wall ................................................................................................................. 30 7.3 The walled gardens ......................................................................................................... 30 7.4 The central lane............................................................................................................... 31 7.5 The rear yard wall ........................................................................................................... 31 7.6 The wider landscape ....................................................................................................... 31 7.7 The soft landscaping........................................................................................................ 32 7.8 Discussion ....................................................................................................................... 32 8 ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF.........................................................................32 8.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 32 8.2 Summary of areas investigated during watching brief..................................................... 32 8.3 Area Descriptions............................................................................................................ 33 8.4 Service Trenches............................................................................................................. 35 8.5 Trench descriptions ........................................................................................................ 36 9 POTTERY REPORT .........................................................................................................37 9.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 37 9.2 Pottery