Senior Design I Documentation EEL4914 – Dr. Samuel Richie and Dr. Lei Wei December 10th, 2015 Group 31 Stephen Williams – BSEE Kenneth Richardson – BSCpE John Shepherd – BSEE Gilson Rodrigues – BSEE i 1. Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 1 2. Project Definition ............................................................................................................ 2 2.1 Project Motivation ........................................................................................................ 3 2.2 Objectives and Goals ................................................................................................ 3 2.3 Requirements Specification ...................................................................................... 3 3. Relevant Research ........................................................................................................... 4 3.1 Similar Past Products ................................................................................................ 4 3.1.1 Transcoders ........................................................................................................ 5 3.1.2 Line Doublers..................................................................................................... 6 3.1.3 Full Scalers......................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Relevant Standards.................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Realistic Design Constraints ................................................................................... 12 3.4 Technologies ........................................................................................................... 15 3.4.1 Data Signals ..................................................................................................... 15 3.4.1.1 Analog Video ............................................................................................ 15 3.4.1.1.1 Analog Synchronization Signaling .................................................... 17 3.4.1.2 Analog Audio ............................................................................................ 19 3.4.1.3 Digital Audio ............................................................................................ 19 3.4.1.4 Digital Video ............................................................................................. 20 3.4.1.5 HDMI ........................................................................................................ 21 3.4.2 Communications .............................................................................................. 23 3.4.2.1 I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) .................................................................... 24 3.4.2.2 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) ............................................................... 25 3.4.2.3 UART (Universal Asynch. Receiver/Transmitter) ................................... 26 3.4.3 FPGA ............................................................................................................... 27 3.4.3.1 Xilinx Spartan-3 Family ........................................................................... 27 3.4.3.2 Xilinx Spartan-6 Family ........................................................................... 28 3.4.3.3 Xilinx Artix-7 Family ............................................................................... 28 3.4.4 Microcontrollers ............................................................................................... 30 3.4.4.1 Texas Instruments MSP430G2553 ........................................................... 30 3.4.4.2 Texas Instruments TM4C123GH6PM ...................................................... 31 3.4.4.3 STMicroelectronics STM32F0 Line ......................................................... 31 3.4.4.4 STMicroelectronics STM32F103RBT6.................................................... 32 3.4.4.5 Summary and Selection ............................................................................ 33 ii 3.4.5 In-System Programming .................................................................................. 33 3.4.5.1 FPGA JTAG Programming....................................................................... 33 3.4.5.2 Microcontroller ......................................................................................... 34 3.4.5.2.1 Serial Wire Debug and ST-LINK/V2 ................................................ 35 3.4.5.2.2 STMicroelectronics Bootloader ......................................................... 35 3.4.6 USB Interface................................................................................................... 36 3.4.6.1 Bootloader ................................................................................................. 36 3.4.6.2 FTDI FT232 .............................................................................................. 36 3.4.7 SD Cards .......................................................................................................... 37 3.4.8 Supported Connectors ...................................................................................... 38 3.4.8.1 SCART ...................................................................................................... 38 3.4.8.2 Component ................................................................................................ 41 3.4.8.3 VGA .......................................................................................................... 41 3.4.8.4 HDMI ........................................................................................................ 42 3.4.8.5 Stereo Audio ............................................................................................. 44 3.4.9 Video Decoder ................................................................................................. 45 3.4.10 Audio Decoder ............................................................................................... 46 3.4.11 HDMI Transmitter/Encoder ........................................................................... 47 3.4.12 VGA Output Support ..................................................................................... 48 3.4.13 LEDs .............................................................................................................. 49 3.4.14 Remote Control .............................................................................................. 50 3.4.14.1 Bluetooth ................................................................................................. 51 3.4.14.2 Infrared .................................................................................................... 52 3.4.15 Power ............................................................................................................. 55 3.4.15.1 Power Requirements ............................................................................... 55 3.4.15.2 Regulators and Sequencers ..................................................................... 57 4. Design ........................................................................................................................... 62 4.1 Hardware ................................................................................................................. 63 4.1.1 Video Decoding Subsystem ............................................................................. 63 4.1.2 Audio Decoding Subsystem ............................................................................. 64 4.1.3 HDMI Encoding Subsystem ............................................................................ 65 4.1.4 VGA Output Stage ........................................................................................... 67 4.1.5 Remote Control Subsystem.............................................................................. 69 4.1.6 LED Indicators Subsystem .............................................................................. 70 iii 4.1.7 Subsystems Interfacing .................................................................................... 70 4.1.7.1 Microcontroller Interface .......................................................................... 71 4.1.8 Power Distribution System .............................................................................. 73 4.1.8.1 Power Rails ............................................................................................... 73 4.1.8.2 FPGA ........................................................................................................ 84 4.1.8.3 MCU ......................................................................................................... 85 4.1.8.4 Video Decoder .......................................................................................... 86 4.1.8.5 Audio ADC ............................................................................................... 87 4.1.8.5. USB UART IC ......................................................................................... 87 4.1.8.7 Infrared Receiver ...................................................................................... 87 4.8.1.8 Shift Registers ........................................................................................... 88 4.1.8.9 Video Buffer ............................................................................................. 88 4.1.8.10 Amplifiers ..............................................................................................