English for Cooks Introductory handbook for culinary students Base in the Doc of Vilma Šiatkutė of the same name. Compilation and adaptation made by Arc. Elias Zanabria Ms.C. English for Cooks CONTENTS 1. Introduction …….……………..………………..………………………………………….……….….. 3 1.1. The ABC .….……………..……………….……………………………………………………….…. 3 1.2. Reading rules …………..………………….…………………………………….………….………. 3 2. At work: place and time………..…………………………….………………………..……….……… 4 2.1. Describing work place: Present Simple Tense, there is/ are, prepositions …….…...………….4 2.2. Indicating Time: prepositions, ordinal and cardinal numerals …………….………….………… 6 3. Kitchenware. Crockery and cutlery …………………………………………………..……………… 8 3.1. Kitchenware ………………..…………….…………………………………………………..……… 8 3.2. Crockery and cutlery ……..……………….……………………………………….………..…….. 11 4. Food and drink ………………………………………………………..……………………………… 13 4.1. Vocabulary. Names of food ……..…….………………………………………………………….. 13 4.2. Indicating likes and dislikes ………..…….……………………………………………………….. 13 4.3. Vocabulary. Names of drinks ………………..…………………………………………………… 15 4.4. Do you like and would you like ……….….………………………………………………………. 16 5. Breakfast ………………………………………..……………………………….……………………. 17 5.1. Meals of the day ……………………..……………….……………………………………………. 17 5.2. Continental Breakfast and English Breakfast …………..………………………………………. 17 5.3. Past Simple Tense ………………………………..…………….……………………..………….. 18 6. Lunch and Tiffin ………………………………………………………………………..…………….. 21 6.1. Lunch …………………………………..……………….………………………………..…………. 21 6.2. Tiffin …………………………..…..………………………………………………………………… 21 6.3. Future Simple Tense …………….…………………………….………………………………….. 22 7. Tea. Dinner. Supper …………………………….……………….………………………………….. 24 7.1. Tea ………………………………….………………………….…………………………………… 24 7.2. Dinner ……………………………….…….………………………………………………………… 24 7.3. Supper …………………………..………………………………………………………………….. 27 8. Healthy food ………………………..……………..……………….…………………………………. 28 9. National food and cuisine ………..……………………………….…………………………………. 30 10. Methods of cooking and preparing food ……….……………………………………….………… 38 10.1.Present Continuous Tense ………………………………..……...…….……………………….. 38 10.2. Past Continuous Tense ……………………..………………….….…….……………………… 39 10.3. Methods - cooking and preparing food ……………………….……..….………………………. 40 11. Recipes …………………………………………..…………………………....….…………………. 41 11.1. Christmas pudding, Omelets with cheese, Roast leg of lamb ……………………………….. 42 11.2. Present Perfect Tense ……………………………………………..…….………………………. 43 12. Revision ……………………………..………………………………………..……………………… 44 Verbos Culinarios (Culinary Verbs) ……………………………………………………………………. 45 References ……………………………..……………………………………….……………………….. 71 2 English for Cooks 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. The ABC There are 26 letters in the English Alphabet. Remember that this type of pronunciation is valid for sole letters in the ABC only. Letters will be pronounced in a different way when standing in syllables. Pronounce the ABC letters. Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm [ei] [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [ef] [Gi:] [eich ] [ai] [Jei] [kei] [el] [em] Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww [en] [Ou] [pi:] [kiu:] [ahr] [es] [ti:] [yu] [vi] [dabelyu] Xx Yy Zz [eks] [wai] [zed] 1.2. Reading rules Pronunciation of vowels mostly depends on the kind of the syllable they appear in – an open syllable ends with a vowel while a closed one – with a consonant (e.g. ―name‖ – open; ―stop‖ – closed). Vowels standing in an open syllable are usually pronounced in the same way as in the ABC and they are shortened in closed syllables. Vowel Open syllable Closed syllable Aa ei ə, eh, oh Ee i e (not pronounced if the word ends with ―e‖) Ii ai i Oo ou o ٨ ,Uu yu u PRACTICE 1. Pronounce the following words correctly: Make, cake, cut, salad, fat, no, my, five, bit, ten, pot, dot, nut, put, fall, lady. Combinations vowel + vowel , vowel + consonant , consonant + vowel, consonant + consonant etc. make different sound structures: 3 English for Cooks ar [a:(r)] – bar, far ck [k] – bucket, luck ur/ ear [з:] – blur, turn, burn ea [i:] – tea, sea our [o:] – pour, four ou [u] – could ue, oo [u:] – blue, food ow, ou [əu] – now, out er, air [eə] – where, air ear, er [ie] – dear, here oy, oi [oi] – boy, join ur, our [uə] – pure, tour y at the beginning [y] – yes ng [η] – sing, bring gh is usually silent [ ] – light, bright ss [s] – miss, kiss tt [t] – getting ch [tch] – catch, match th [θ] – think, both th [ ] – that PRACTICE 2. Pronounce the given words and transcribe them. Blanch Boil Braise Minced Chill Poach Chop Roast Deep-fry Sear Dice Simmer Dry-fry Stock Grill Steam Stew Stir-fry Sweat Marinade 2. AT WORK: PLACE AND TIME 2.1. Describing work place: Present Simple Tense, there is/ are, prepositions. Singular Plural I am, have, do, like, go, can We are, have, do, like, go, can You are, have, do, like, go, can You are, have, do, like, go, can He, she, it is, has, does, likes, goes, can They are, have, do, like, go, can We use the Present Simple to talk about things in general. We are not thinking only about now. We use it to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly (sometimes, often, usually, rarely, seldom), or that something is true in general. Remember that we say: he/she/it -s. 4 English for Cooks I work... but He works... They like... but my sister likes... PRACTICE 1. Insert given words into the gaps: bake, cook, like (2). 1. My mum __________ cakes every Saturday. 2. I often __________ soup because I like it. 3. My friend ______ ______ fish. 4. _____ you _________ fish? When we describe places where we find things we use There is. ………/ There are ……….. like in the example below: There is ……………………. There are …………………………… + There is a cup on the table. + There are some cups on the table. - There is not any cup on the table. - There are not any cups on the table. ? Is there a cup on the table? ? Are there any cups on the table? NOTE! * When we use some, we are not interested in the exact number. I have ten fingers (NOT I have some fingers). I have some friends in Great Britain. * We use any in questions and negatives. Are there any photographs? There aren’t any people. 5 English for Cooks PRACTICE 2. Tell your friends and ask questions what they can see in the kitchen. Use such words as cupboards(s), washing machine, a fridge (a refrigerator), a cooker, a dishwasher, a radio, plates, cups, sink, a table, a chair, glasses. Do not forget prepositions near, on, next to, in front of, behind, in, under. Describe what is there in your kitchen. Is it different from the one in the picture? PRACTICE 3. Fill-in the gaps using a, some, any. It‘s ___ modern kitchen, nice and clean with a lot of cupboards. There‘s __ washing machine, __ fridge, and ___ cooker, but there isn‘t __ dishwasher. There are _______ lovely pictures on the walls, but there aren‘t _____ photographs. There‘s ___ radio next to the cooker. There are _____ flowers, but there aren‘t _____ plants. On the table there are ______ apples and oranges. And there are _______ cups and plates next to the sink. 2.2. Indicating Time: prepositions, ordinal and cardinal numerals. All events are usually connected with certain dates, seasons and daytimes. On every special occasion we should be able to provide our clients with necessary information about our working hours as well as other events taking place at our restaurant or café. E.g. The café opens at 9 o’clock each morning and closes at 7 o’clock in the evening. We do not usually work on Sundays and the café is never open on the first Christmas day. So to be ready to give our clients all the necessary information we should revise the names of weekdays, holidays, months as well as ordinal and cardinal numbers. We will also have a look and remember how to indicate what time it is. Look at the tables below. Remember the usage of prepositions. 6 English for Cooks ON AT IN Sunday holidays the weekend Christmas night January winter the morning 1957 Monday Easter midnight February spring the evening 2008 Tuesday March summer the afternoon Wednesday April autumn Thursday May Friday June Saturday July August September October November December PRACTICE 4. Translate: La mañana La Navidad Domingo La noche Las fiestas Mayo En invierno La media noche Verano 1980 PRACTICE 5. Using the table say the following numerals in their cardinal and ordinal forms: 8, 698, 14, 40, 15, 59, 129, 3325, 45, 89, 78, 77, 17, 1998, 2004, 158: PRACTICE 6. Say the phone numbers. a 438516 b 933672 c (041)2287153 d (0923)4828661 7 English for Cooks e (0225)69026 What is your phone number? PRACTICE 7. Tell the time using the questions and answers in the table below: What‘s the time? What time is it? Could you please tell me the time? Do you have the time? It is (it‘s) …… 1.______________ 2.____________ 3._____________ 4.______________ 5._____________ 6._____________ 7.It‘s a quarter past four. 8.It‘s a quarter to nine. 3. KITCHENWARE. CROCKERY AND CUTLERY 3.1. Kitchenware 8 English for Cooks 9 English for Cooks PRACTICE 1. Work in pairs. Try to solve the crossword inserting the names of kitchenware. 10 English for Cooks 3.2. Crockery and cutlery 11 English for Cooks PRACTICE 2. Compose word- groups from the words given in column A and B: A. B. Salt and pepper pot Margarita basin Tea shaker Table dish Beer caster Sugar glasses Salt cellar Pepper mug Butter spoon PRACTICE 3. Insert missing letters and write the names of kitchen equipment. Remember them. 1. C _ n O _ _ _ _ r 2. W _ _ _ _ e M _ _ _ r 3. P _ _ _ a O _ _ n 4. W _ _ _ r P _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n 5. C _ _ _ _ e & H _ t C _ _ _ _ _ _ _ e M _ _ _ r 6. R _ _ e C _ _ _ _ r 7. F _ _ d D _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ r 8. M _ _ _ _ _ _ _ e O _ _ n 9. V _ _ _ _ _ _ _ e P _ _ _ _ r 10.