INTRODUCTION The Village of Lakeview is a semi-rural community nestled adjacent to Tamarack Lake located in the center of Cato Township in the northwest portion of Montcalm County. The community of Lakeview has maintained a “business as usual” function over the past years and has witnessed very little growth in population and economic development. In light of this lack of growth, eager and energetic Village policymakers felt it was time to take a serious look at the future of Lakeview as a community. In the summer of 1993, Village officials initiated the process to create a Village Master Plan and rewrite its zoning ordinance, establishing a foundation for increasing the community’s economic stability and quality of life. The Village of Lakeview Master Plan is the result of data collection and analysis, field surveys, many meetings and discussions by the Village Planning Commission and Village administration, and citizen input at Planning Commission meetings. During the process, a number of issues were explored pertaining to local development and land use, infrastructure improvement needs and funding, and many other local issues. This effort has results in a set of goals and objectives, policies and recommendations, and resource maps, which are intended as a policy guide for future development in the Village of Lakeview over the next 5 to 10 years. Planning Overview The Municipal Planning Act, Public Act 285 of 1931, as amended, specifically gives Village Planning Commissions the authority to prepare and officially adopt a Master Plan. Although the plan is enabled by Michigan Law, it does not have the force of law or ordinance. Rather, once officially adopted and maintained, this Plan serves as an official advisory policy statement for encouraging the orderly and efficient use of land and for coordinating land uses with each other, with roads and highways, and other necessary public facilities and services. The Master Plan provides the logical basis for local zoning, development design, and public improvement plans, and for facilitating and guiding the work of the Village Planning Commission and the Village Council. It is also a means of communicating to private organizations and individuals how they might relate their building projects to official Village plans, and a means of relating Village plans to development occurring in adjacent communities and to development of the region as a whole. It should be recognized, however, that the Master Plan is general in scope. In most cases, it is not intended to establish the precise boundaries of land use areas or exact locations of future uses. Rather, the Master Plan is only one step toward analyzing development issues and proposing broad strategies to address these issues. Its function is to guide growth and redevelopment initiatives, providing a framework to assure that more detailed decisions can be related to the broader community-wide perspective. Finally, it should also be recognized that because the social, economic, and environmental conditions which affect the Village are continuously changing, the planning process must be continuous. A comprehensive review of this plan should, therefore, be undertaken every five to ten years to assure that it remains a useful guide for community change and effectively responds to emerging issues. CHAPTER I HISTORY The Village of Lakeview’s history is documented back to the year of 1867 in the publication of Lakeview Quasquicentennial 1867-1992. The following is a brief summary of a few of the important events that took place in Lakeview and helped to define the character of what the Village is today. Many years before the first pioneer came to Lakeview, an Indian Village occupied the west shore of Tamarack Lake. The prime trail used by the Indians became what is now the main platted street (Lincoln Avenue) of Lakeview. Over the next decade, settlers began to construct homesteads in the Village. One of the early settlers, Albert S. French, platted his piece of property into lots, blocks, and streets and eventually gave the Village its name. Following suite, other settlers soon developed the first general store, schools and a leather manufacturing establishment. The Village’s lumbering era prospered from dramatic turmoil experienced during the late 1800’s. It began when a lumbering operation from New York had rights to harvest timber located along Tamarack Lake. As the winter months came, workers of the lumbering company would cut timber and pile it on the frozen lake. As spring arrived, the lumber would be routed from the lake, down the Tamarack Creek to the lumbering mills in Muskegon. To operate this process more effectively, the lumbering company constructed a flume and a dam to control water levels. In addition to being a failure, this process drained the lake enough to cause a health hazard as well as a major fish kill. In response to the damage that the lumber company had committed, the Village residents built another dam in front of the old dam and guarded it against the threatening lumber operation owners. The owners were soon convinced that the residents were not going to allow the deterioration of the lake and fish. This led to the construction of local lumbering mills which in turn provided employment to many Village residents. In 1871, land purchased from Albert French was surveyed and cleared for the Village cemetery. The year 1879 marked a new era with the first train of the Chicago, Saginaw and Canada Railway coming into Lakeview. The new railroad, now abandoned, attracted many mills to develop in the south end of the Village as well as many other businesses. Along with being incorporated in 1881, the Village organized a fire company including equipment consisting of a man-powered pump on wheels, a hose and cart with cisterns, helmets and uniforms. By the year 1894, life in Lakeview had reached a comfortable stage of development with the homes and businesses. However, on August 3, 1894, a fire had started at one of the local hardware stores. By the time the fire department responded, the fire had spread to the row of store buildings on the north of the main street. Within twenty minutes the fire was beyond control and had engulfed buildings on both sides of the street. By the time the fire was under control, several buildings were destroyed. Only 28 days after the fire, 19 foundations had been rebuilt in preparation of rebuilding Lakeview. Railroads which served Lakeview at this time of the fire were the Detroit, Lansing, and Northern; the Chicago and West Michigan; and the Grand Rapids and Indiana, all of which had daily schedules. In December of 1894, the first electricity was turned on to a few users for limited hours. The Village was given four lights to use at that time. Shortly after World War I, the Village began to witness the spreading out of its community as houses became farther apart and businesses and trade became more regional. This change was influenced by the general use of the automobile and the increase of pavement. In February of 1947, the Ohio Oil Company offered the Village $100.00 an acre to lease the cemetery land owned by the Village. After an auction bid, the Village was paid $51,550.00 for their lease. Although none of the oil wells were large producers, the publicity of the events attracted many to live in Lakeview giving the Village’s economy a healthy boost. In addition, after World War II, men who returned built new homes and businesses and became a vital part of the community. Since then, the Village has not witnessed any major changes. However, small businesses have come and gone. Some businesses have expanded or remodeled, others have taken on new owners and names. Business growth has migrated closer to M-46 over the years in order to compete regionally. CHAPTER II POPULATION AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS This section presents a collection and analysis of factors relating to the Village’s social and economic characteristics. By comparing available data, it is possible to identify trends in population and housing, as well as the economic and labor force composition of the Village. Viewed in an historic perspective and in relation to surrounding communities and the region, these trends give valuable insights for potential future conditions and serve as a basis for projections of future population, housing and economic conditions. Although located a distance to the east, Home Township and the Village of Edmore were included as comparison communities because of the similar relationship experienced between Cato Township and the Village of Lakeview. Population Characteristics Table 1 illustrates population changes during 1970 to 1990 for the Village of Lakeview, neighboring communities, and Montcalm County. In 1970, the Village of Lakeview had 1,118 persons and grew with an additional twenty-one persons by 1980. However, by 1990, the population dropped to 1,108 persons, equaling a loss of only ten persons over the past twenty years. Although Cato Township, in which the Village is located, witnessed an increase in population, nearby communities experienced a decline similar to that of Lakeview. Cato Township, located adjacent to the north, south, east and west of the Village, has gained almost 300 people since 1970. This is more than any other community listed in Table 1. This increase may be somewhat influenced by residents relocating outside the Village limits as well as the residential growth moving eastward from the US-131 corridor. The population of Home Township as well as the Village of Edmore, located approximately ten miles to the east, have experienced a slightly larger decrease in population growth than Lakeview over the last ten years. Home Township jumped in population by 127 persons between 1970 and 1980.