Ba-Phalaborwa The Home of Marula and the Wildlife Tourism MUNICIPAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2019-2024 30 JULY 2019 30 JULY 2019 i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... ii LIST OF MAPS................................................................................................ vii LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................... ix LIST OF ACRONYMS ....................................................................................... x 1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND............................................................................ 1 Background to the Project ................................................................ 1 Project Objectives .............................................................................. 2 Regional Context ................................................................................ 2 1.3.1. Provincial Context .............................................................................. 2 1.3.2. District Context .................................................................................... 3 1.3.3. Local Context ...................................................................................... 4 2. POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES .............................................................. 7 Legislative Framework ....................................................................... 7 2.1.1. Local Government: Municipal Systems Act 2000 ........................... 7 2.1.2. Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act 2015 (SPLUMA)7 2.1.2.1. Implication of the development principles to the SDF ................... 8 2.1.3. Integrating SDF Content Requirement in terms of MSA and SPLUMA 10 National Policy Context ................................................................... 12 2.2.1. National Spatial Development Perspective .................................. 12 2.2.2. National Development Plan (NDP) 2030 ........................................ 13 2.2.3. Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP), 2009 . 15 Provincial Policy Context ................................................................. 16 2.3.1. The Limpopo Development Plan (LDP) 2015-2019 ........................ 16 2.3.2. Limpopo Provincial Spatial Development Framework, 2016 ...... 17 District and Municipal Context ....................................................... 18 2.4.1. Mopani District Spatial Development Framework, 2014 .............. 18 2.4.2. Ba-Phalaborwa Spatial Development Framework (2008) ........... 19 2.4.3. Mopani District Municipality Integrated Development Plan (IDP)22 2.4.4. Ba-Phalaborwa Municipality IDP .................................................... 23 30 JULY 2019 ii Key Spatial Issues and Challenges ................................................ 24 Synthesis and way forward .............................................................. 24 Towards Ba-Phalaborwa’s Proposed Spatial Vision ..................... 25 3. ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT REALITY: SPATIAL OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS ..... 27 BIO-PHYSICAL FACTORS ................................................................... 27 3.1.1. Geology ............................................................................................. 27 3.1.2. Topography and Hydrology ............................................................ 27 3.1.3. Surface Hydrology & Catchments Areas ....................................... 30 3.1.4. Soils with High Agricultural Potential .............................................. 32 3.1.5. Climate and Climate Change ........................................................ 34 3.1.6. Cultural and Historical Sites ............................................................. 35 3.1.7. Protected and Conservation Areas ................................................ 36 3.1.8. Vegetation ......................................................................................... 36 3.1.8.1. Biomes ............................................................................................... 36 3.1.8.2. Species of special concern ............................................................ 38 3.1.9. Minerals and Mining ......................................................................... 38 Synthesis ............................................................................................ 39 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ................................................ 41 3.3.1. Population Profile .............................................................................. 41 3.3.2. Education Levels ............................................................................... 44 3.3.3. Economic Data and Employment Statistics .................................. 45 3.3.4. Employment Sector .......................................................................... 46 3.3.5. Income Distribution .......................................................................... 46 3.3.6. Crime.................................................................................................. 48 3.3.7. Landownership .................................................................................. 48 3.3.8. Land Restitution Claims .................................................................... 51 BUILT ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS ........................................................ 52 3.4.1. Dominant Land Uses ......................................................................... 52 3.4.2. Spatial Structure- Settlement Patterns ............................................ 52 3.4.3. Phalaborwa Urban Cluster: .............................................................. 56 3.4.4. Other Settlements ............................................................................. 61 30 JULY 2019 iii 3.4.5. Roads and Transport Networks ....................................................... 61 3.4.6. Public Transport ................................................................................. 64 3.4.7. Housing Trends .................................................................................. 66 3.4.8. Engineering services ........................................................................ 69 3.4.9. Energy ................................................................................................ 70 3.4.10. Information and Tele-Communication Infrastructure .................. 71 3.4.11. Cemeteries ........................................................................................ 74 Alignment with Neighbouring Municipalities SDF’s ...................... 75 3.5.1. Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality .............................................. 75 3.5.2. Greater Giyani Local Municipality ................................................. 75 3.5.3. Maruleng Local Municipality .......................................................... 75 3.5.4. Greater Letaba Local Municipality................................................. 75 Development Opportunities ............................................................ 76 Development Constraints ................................................................ 80 Summary of Key Issues and Synthesis ........................................... 84 Key Features and Structuring Elements.......................................... 87 4. DRAFT SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK ...................................................... 88 Background ....................................................................................... 88 Final Spatial Vision ............................................................................ 89 Goals and Objectives ...................................................................... 89 Spatial Tools and Concepts............................................................. 93 4.4.1. Nodes ................................................................................................. 93 4.4.2. Corridors ............................................................................................ 93 4.4.3. Infill and Densification ...................................................................... 93 4.4.4. Containment ..................................................................................... 94 4.4.5. Protection .......................................................................................... 94 4.4.6. Growth Areas .................................................................................... 94 Conceptual Spatial Framework/Spatial Concept ........................ 95 Spatial Development Framework ................................................... 96 4.6.1. Hierarchy of Settlements .................................................................. 96 4.6.2. Core Urban Area .............................................................................. 98 30 JULY 2019 iv 4.6.2.1. Development Edge .......................................................................... 98 4.6.2.2. Residential Development and Housing ....................................... 101 4.6.2.3. Provision of Engineering Services ................................................. 103 4.6.2.4. Business ............................................................................................ 103 4.6.2.5. Connectivity and Movement Routes ........................................... 105 4.6.2.6. Functional Development Zones ...................................................