Board of Supervisors Resolution No. 2020-0216 Stanislaus County Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Regional Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice For HUD Entitlement Grantees: Stanislaus Urban County, City of Modesto, City of Turlock & HUD Public Housing Authority: Stanislaus Regional Housing Authority This is the final version of the “Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Regional Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice”. New wording is indicated LQ bold font and deleted wording is reflected in strikethrough font. * *Note: Bold and strikethrough text was not used for administrative cleanup. FINAL DRAFT MAY 12, 2020 Final Draft Stanislaus County Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Regional Analysis of Impediments 1 Contents Executive Summary .......................................................................................................... 5 Summary of Key Findings ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Analysis of Impediments Overview .......................................................................................................................... 6 Geography ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Background......................................................................................................................... 7 Fair Housing Laws ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Federal Law(s) ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 California Law .......................................................................................................................................................... 11 Local Law(s) ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 AI Development Process .......................................................................................................................................... 14 Community Meetings ............................................................................................................................................. 14 Demographic and Housing Market Analysis ................................................................. 16 Population Trends....................................................................................................................................................... 16 Race/ Ethnicity ......................................................................................................................................................... 18 Language.................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Racial/Ethnic Concentrations ............................................................................................................................... 21 Dissimilarity Index .................................................................................................................................................. 23 Entropy Index .......................................................................................................................................................... 24 Age and Disability ................................................................................................................................................... 25 Income Trends ............................................................................................................................................................. 27 Disability and Income............................................................................................................................................. 27 Race/Ethnicity and Income ................................................................................................................................... 28 Employment Trends ................................................................................................................................................... 28 Employment by Race/Ethnicity ............................................................................................................................ 28 Commuting Time/Type ......................................................................................................................................... 29 Housing Trends ........................................................................................................................................................... 32 Access to Opportunity .............................................................................................................................................. 35 Transportation ........................................................................................................................................................ 35 Schools ...................................................................................................................................................................... 40 Parks .......................................................................................................................................................................... 48 Internet Access ....................................................................................................................................................... 50 Final Draft Stanislaus County Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Regional Analysis of Impediments 2 Public Sector Policy Review ........................................................................................... 53 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 53 Federal Laws and Local Housing Choice .......................................................................................................... 53 State Laws and Local Housing Choice ............................................................................................................... 54 Local Laws and Housing Choice ......................................................................................................................... 55 The General Plan and Zoning Ordinance ............................................................................................................. 57 General Plan ............................................................................................................................................................. 57 Zoning Ordinance .................................................................................................................................................. 59 Density Bonuses ..................................................................................................................................................... 63 Parking Requirements ............................................................................................................................................ 64 Land Use Densities and Designations ................................................................................................................ 64 Review of Housing Opportunity ......................................................................................................................... 65 Affordable Housing Development Policies and Programs ............................................................................ 73 Affordable Housing Development .......................................................................................................................... 76 HUD Funding and Tax Credits ........................................................................................................................... 76 Regional Housing Needs ....................................................................................................................................... 77 Other Policies and Programs Impacting Housing Choice ............................................................................. 80 Public Housing Authorities ....................................................................................................................................... 81 Appointed Boards/ Commissions ........................................................................................................................... 86 Department of Fair Employment and Housing ................................................................................................ 86 Language Accommodations ...................................................................................................................................... 88 Evidence of Housing Discrimination .............................................................................. 89 Fair Housing Complaints ........................................................................................................................................... 89 Housing Discrimination Complaints ......................................................................................................................