National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Historic Architecture Program Northeast Region THE FARM BUILDINGS at SAGAMORE HILL Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay, New York Historic Structures Report THE FARM BUILDINGS at SAGAMORE HILL HISTORIC STRUCTURES REPORT Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay, New York By James J. Lee III Architectural Conservator Historic Architecture Program Northeast Region, National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Lowell, Massachusetts Written 2007 Published 2010 CONTENTS LIST of FIGURES and CREDITS ................................................................................xiii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................xix INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...............................................................................................3 PURPOSE AND SCOPE ..............................................................................................3 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ........................................................................................4 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ..........................................................................5 RESEARCH CONDUCTED .......................................................................................7 RESEARCH FINDINGS ..............................................................................................7 RECOMMENDED TREATMENT ............................................................................8 ADMINISTRATIVE DATA ............................................................................................11 LOCATION OF SITE ...................................................................................................11 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ................................................. 11 LIST OF CLASSIFIED STRUCTURES (LCS) INFORMATION ......................... 13 Gardener’s Shed ...........................................................................................................14 Farm Shed ....................................................................................................................15 Chicken House .............................................................................................................16 Ice House .....................................................................................................................17 Pump House .................................................................................................................18 Windmill ......................................................................................................................19 PROPOSED TREATMENT and USE .......................................................................20 RELATED STUDIES ....................................................................................................20 DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY ...............................................................23 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT.............................................. 25 iii EARLY HISTORY OF LONG ISLAND ....................................................................25 OYSTER BAY ................................................................................................................26 SAGAMORE HILL .......................................................................................................30 CHRONOLOGY of DEVELOPMENT & USE and CURRENT DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................................35 GARDENER’S SHED CHRONOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT AND USE ............................................................35 CONSTRUCTION ...........................................................................................................35 ORIGINAL APPEARANCE ............................................................................................3 5 Exterior Elements ........................................................................................................3 6 Interior Elements .........................................................................................................38 Structural Elements ......................................................................................................3 9 ORIGINAL USE ...............................................................................................................40 ALTERATIONS ...............................................................................................................4 2 1885 – 1948 ...................................................................................................................4 2 1950 ..............................................................................................................................4 2 1951 ..............................................................................................................................4 2 1957 ..............................................................................................................................4 4 1963 – 1969 ...................................................................................................................4 4 1986 ..............................................................................................................................4 5 Structural .................................................................................................................4 6 Siding .......................................................................................................................4 7 Window Openings ...................................................................................................4 7 Front Doorway ........................................................................................................4 8 Roof .........................................................................................................................4 8 Flooring ...................................................................................................................4 8 Painting ....................................................................................................................4 8 Landscaping & Drainage .........................................................................................4 9 1986 – Present ..............................................................................................................4 9 GARDENER’S SHED CURRENT PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION..............................................................................50 EXTERIOR ELEMENTS ................................................................................................50 INTERIOR ELEMENTS ................................................................................................. 52 iv STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS ..........................................................................................53 FARM SHED CHRONOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT AND USE ............................................................55 CONSTRUCTION ...........................................................................................................55 ORIGINAL APPEARANCE ............................................................................................56 Exterior Elements ........................................................................................................5 6 Interior Elements .........................................................................................................5 8 Structural Elements ......................................................................................................61 ORIGINAL USE ...............................................................................................................61 ALTERATIONS ...............................................................................................................63 1900 – 1948 ...................................................................................................................63 1950 ..............................................................................................................................6 3 1951 ..............................................................................................................................6 3 1957 ..............................................................................................................................6 4 1963 – 1969 ...................................................................................................................6 5 1986 ..............................................................................................................................6 7 Structural .................................................................................................................6 7 Siding .......................................................................................................................6 7 Windows Openings..................................................................................................6 8 Roof .........................................................................................................................6 8 Painting ....................................................................................................................6 8 1986 – Present ..............................................................................................................6