Preface It is with great pleasure to release the “Provincial Statistical Information 2012” for the Northern Province. This is the fifth publication in the series with modification. Presently many rehabilitation and development activities are in progress in this province. Hence, this publication is to provide basic statistics and current information on demography and productivity and services sectors in the Northern Province for the use of decision makers and stakeholders who engage in relief, resettlement, rehabilitation and development programme in Northern Province. I wish to extend my sincere appreciation for the support extended by the district administration and the provincial secretaries and heads of departments for furnishing relevant information. Further I am very much thankful to the Deputy Chief Secretary, Planning and Planning Staff who have actively contributed at different levels to make this publication. Any suggestions views on further improvement will encourage for the preparation of better publication. R.Wijialudchumi Chief Secretary Northern Province Over view of the Northern Province The Northern Provincial Council administration presently functions under the Governorship of Hon. GA. Chandrasri, Governor, Northern Province who, in the absence of an elected council is bestowed with the authorities of the Chief Minister and the Board of Ministers. There are five Provincial Ministries and 25 Departments to administer. The Northern Province consists of 5 Administrative Districts, 34 DS Divisions, 921 GN Divisions, 29 Pradeshiya Sabhas, 5 Urban Councils and one Municipal Council. The Northern Province has a total area of 8,848.58 sq kms. The main stay of economy is predominantly Agriculture and Fisheries. As per the last complete census of 1981 the population of the Northern Province was 1,109,404 and lot of internal and external migration has taken place thereafter and the demographic pattern has changed. The total population of Northern Province was 1.189 Mn for the year 2011 ( According to the District Secretariats’ Reports) Jaffna District Location and Area The Peninsula divided into 4 sub regions- Islands, Vadamarachchi, Thenmarachchi and Valikamam Boundaries: - North, East and West- Indian Ocean; South - Jaffna Lagoon & Kilinochchi District. Peninsula total land area is 1,025.6 sq km including inland water. Administration and Local Government DS Divisions - 11; AGA Divisions-4; GN Divisions-435; Pradeshiya Sabhas-13; Urban Councils-03; Municipal Council- 01 Population Total population- 831,800(1981 census – including Kilinochchi District) The total population in this District is 614,628 as at December 2011.(According to the District Secretariat’s Report). Population density-599.3 per/sq km i Climate and Soil Dry zone; Average temperature- 27.190 C; Average rainfall -1,811.8 mm Soil - yellow latosols in the central area to regosolic and saline in the coastal area. Agriculture, Irrigation & Fisheries Out of the total land area of 102,323 Ha (34.2%) is agricultural land with paddy, vegetable, Coconut, fruit trees and Palmyra trees. The extent of the paddy cultivated in 2011/12 Maha is 11,070 ha, Extend of other field crops (OFC) cultivated in Maha 2011/12 is 1,223 ha. Extend of Vegetable cultivated in Maha 2011/2012 is 684.5 ha . 110,000 dug wells, 631 small ponds, 19,261 agro wells and 2,433 ditches are being used for agriculture purpose. Fisheries contribute mainly for District economy. In 1983 the total fish production was 48,677 mt. Due to mass exodus and the security situation, the fish production had dropped to 1,191 mt in 1991and 2,676 mt in 2001 and the production had increased by 2003 to 22,206 mt and decreased by 2008 to 2,670 mt. Due to relaxation of costal area restriction the production has increased in 2010 to 20,739 mt. Education Five educational zones - Jaffna (3Divisions), Valikaman (4Divisions), Vadamaradchi (3Divisions), Thenmaradchi (1Division) and Island (4 Divisions) There are 426 functional schools serving for 128,327 students with 6,798 teachers in 2011, the pupil- teachers ratio is 18:1 Health Jaffna Teaching Hospital is a main tertiary care institution for the people of Northern Province for teaching medical students of the University of Jaffna, Nursing and Midwife students. The district is divided 11 MOH division for the preventive care services including 34 Gramothaya Health centers, 42 Curative care institutions are functioning under the Regional Directorate of Health Services. ii 46 Ayurvedic Dispensaries are functioning including 29 Ayurvedic Dispensaries under the local bodies and Provincial Indigenous Medicine Department. 01 Ayurvedic Teaching Hospital is also available at Kaithady under the Line Ministry. The cancer unit, Tellipalai is currently functioning and served the whole population in the Northern Province. Kilinochchi District Location and Area Kilinochchi district is located at the Northern part of the Island. Boundaries:- North - Jaffna District, East and South - Mullaitivu District, West and South - Mannar District. District land area- 1237.11 sq km. Administration and Local Government DS Divisions – 4, GN Divisions – 95, Villages - 232 and Pradeshiya sabhas - 3 Population Total population in this District is 122,837 as at December 2011(According to the District Secretariats’ Reports). Population density - 99.32 per / sq km. Climate and Soil Dry zone. Average annual rainfall varies from– 1,178 mm to 1,822 mm. Average monthly temperature ranges from 250 C to 300 C in 2011. Soil type- Red yellow, Latosol, Regosols, Alluvigl and flat to slightly undulating terrain. Agriculture, Irrigation and Fisheries 04 Major tanks; 04 medium tanks; 216 minor tanks Paddy cultivated land-70%; subsidiary and other food crops cultivated land -15%; and plant with perennial crops- 15%. Paddy extent cultivated during Maha 2011/12 - 22,616 ha. OFC extent cultivated in Maha 2011/12– 1,389.5 ha. Extend of Vegetable in Maha 2011/12- 314 ha. The District has two coastal belts, one of 28 miles in the North another of 52 miles in the West. The District has 30 fishing villages with great potential for exploitation in the sea. iii Fresh water fishing is resorted to in Iranamadhu tank, Akarayan tank, Vannerikulam, Theniyaankulam and Kariyalainagapaduvan tank. Education One Educational zone - Kilinochchi(4 divisions) A student population of 29,087 attends 93 functioning schools in the District with 1,585 teachers in 2011. The student - Teacher ratio is 18:1. Health 04 MOH Divisions are functioning in the District. 05 Preventive care institutions including 17 Gramothaya Health centers and 11 Curative care institutions also functioning under the Regional Directorate of Health Services in Kilinochchi District. Mannar District Location and Area Geographically, the bulk of the Mannar District lies on the mainland of Sri Lanka. Boundaries- South- Puttlam District, South-East -Anurathapura District, East - Vavuniya District, North-East- Mullaithivu District, North -Kilinochchi District and West- long coastal sea. The total extends of the district - 2002 sq km. Administration and Local Government Divisional Secretariat Divisions -3; Assistant Government Agent Divisions- 2; GN divisions- 153; Urban Council-1 Pradeshya Sabhas -4 Population Total District population -106,940 (census 1981) The total population in this District is 158,507 as at December 2011(According to the District Secretariats’ Reports). Population density- 79.17per/ sq km iv Climate and Soil Dry zone. High temperature range -280 C to 330 C. Average rainfall range -1,003 mm in 2011 Soil - Island and the area along the coastal - Regosol. In the centre- dark clay (Grumusole)- ideal for paddy cultivation. Towards the interior- red yellow and reddish brown earth -suited for other field crops and perennials. Agriculture, Irrigation & Fisheries 70% of the population is engaged in cultivation, 25% in fishing while the balance 5% is involved in other activities. Paddy extent cultivated in Maha 2011/12- 16,198 ha. and OFC extent cultivated in Maha 2011/12 -1,056 ha. Vegetable extend cultivated in Maha 2011/12- 298 ha. Major tanks - 03; Medium tanks - 08 and Minor irrigation tanks - 372 in this district. The main industrial activity of the district is the fish canning industry of Pessalai presently closed. Education Two educational zones; Mannar (3 divisions) and Madhu (2 divisions). There are 120 functional schools serving for 27,946 students with 1,610 teachers in 2011. The pupil- teachers’ ratio is 17:1 Health 05 MOH Divisions are functioning in the district. 06 Preventive care institutions including 18 Gramothaya Health centers and 16 Curative care institution also functioning under the Regional Directorate of Health Services in Mannar District. Mullaitivu District Location and Area The district of Mullaithivu lies on the North Eastern coastal belt of Sri Lanka. Boundaries- South East- Trincomalee; South- Vavuniya; West- Mannar; and North West- Kilinochchi. The land area of the district is 2516.9 sq km. v Administration and Local Government Divisional Secretariat Divisions - 6; GN Divisions - 136; Villages - 624 and Pradeshiya sabah- 5 Population District population -77,515 (1981 censes). The total population in this District is 106,663 as at December 2011 (According to the District Secretariats’ Reports). Population density- 42.38 per/ sq km Climate and Soil Dry zone - bimodal rainfall pattern. Average annual rainfall varies from 1,300 mm to 2,416 mm. Temperature range from 230 C to 39.30 C Soil - Reddish brown earth & red yellow latesols are major ones. Agriculture, Irrigation & Fisheries 04 Major tanks, 15 Medium and 192 Minor tanks are feed water for paddy cultivation. Paddy extend cultivated in Maha 2011/12– 12,073 ha. OFC extent cultivated in Maha 2011/12 – 3,893 ha. Vegetable extend cultivated in Maha 2011/12 – 455.5 ha. District coastal belt - 70 km. Mathalan, Nanthikadal, Nayary and Koulai lagoons are most suitable for fishing development. Education Two educational zone - Mullaitivu (2 divisions); Thunukkai (3 divisions) Student population of 20,945 attends in 94 functioning schools with 1,271 teachers in the District in 2011. The pupil – teachers ratio is 16:1 Health 05 MOH Divisions are functioning in the district.