SOLID WASTE VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS IRBID AND MAFRAQ JORDAN Mitigating the Impact of the Syrian Refugee Crisis on Jordanian Vulnerable Host Communities for UNDP Jordan June 2015 Solid Waste Value Chain Analysis Final Report Irbid and Mafraq – Jordan June 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... III LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................IV LIST OF ANNEXES .......................................................................................................................V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ..........................................................................................................VI 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Waste Generation and Management ......................................................................... 1 1.2 Solid Waste Actors ...................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Solid Waste Value Chains ............................................................................................ 2 1.4 Solid Waste Trends ...................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Solid Waste Intervention Recommendations ............................................................. 3 1.6 Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 5 2.0 SCOPE OF WORK ............................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Objectives .................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Methodology ............................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 Desk Review ......................................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Preliminary Stakeholder Analysis ........................................................................ 7 2.2.3 Data Collection and Analysis ................................................................................ 7 2.2.4 Limitations.......................................................................................................... 10 2.3 Reports and Studies Included ................................................................................... 10 3.0 BACKGROUND TO THE LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ............................... 12 4.0 STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS AND MAPPING ....................................................................... 13 4.1 Institutional Actors .................................................................................................... 13 4.2 International Actors .................................................................................................. 13 4.3 Civil Society ................................................................................................................ 14 4.4 Private Sector ............................................................................................................ 15 5.0 LOCAL SOLID WASTE MARKET TRENDS .......................................................................... 17 5.1 Waste Marketplace Trends ....................................................................................... 17 5.2 International Competition......................................................................................... 20 6.0 WASTE VALUE CHAIN MAPPING .................................................................................... 23 6.1 General Overview ...................................................................................................... 23 6.1.1 Waste Generators .............................................................................................. 23 6.1.2 Street Waste Pickers and Itinerant Waste Buyers ............................................. 24 6.1.3 Landfill Waste Pickers ........................................................................................ 26 6.1.4 Small Scrap Dealers and Waste Brokers ............................................................ 27 Page i Solid Waste Value Chain Analysis Final Report Irbid and Mafraq – Jordan June 2015 6.1.5 Big Scrap Dealers and Specialized Waste Brokers ............................................. 28 6.1.6 Private Contractors ............................................................................................ 28 6.1.7 Recycling Plants.................................................................................................. 29 6.2 Waste Paper and Cardboard Sub-value Chain .......................................................... 30 6.3 Plastic Sub-value Chain ............................................................................................. 33 6.4 Metal Sub-value Chain .............................................................................................. 36 7.0 WASTE VALUE CHAIN – MARKET ANALYSIS ................................................................... 40 7.1 Added Value and Income Levels ............................................................................... 40 7.2 Income Levels ............................................................................................................ 40 7.3 Internal Competition ................................................................................................. 41 8.0 CONDITIONS AND BARRIERS TO MARKET ACCESS ......................................................... 43 8.1 Formal Sector ............................................................................................................ 43 8.1.1 Taxation.............................................................................................................. 44 8.1.2 Energy ................................................................................................................ 44 8.2 Informal Sector .......................................................................................................... 45 8.2.1 Waste Pickers ..................................................................................................... 45 8.2.2 Itinerant Waste Buyers ...................................................................................... 46 8.2.3 Scrapdealers ....................................................................................................... 46 8.3 Information and Awareness ...................................................................................... 46 9.0 GAPS IN THE VALUE CHAIN ............................................................................................ 48 9.1 Glass .......................................................................................................................... 48 9.2 Synthetic Textile ........................................................................................................ 48 9.3 Organic Waste ........................................................................................................... 49 9.3.1 Composting ........................................................................................................ 49 9.3.2 Anaerobic Digestion (AD) (biogas) ..................................................................... 50 9.4 PET ............................................................................................................................. 50 9.5 Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Polyethylene (PE) ......................................... 51 9.6 Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste .............................................................. 51 10.0 GROWTH POTENTIAL .................................................................................................... 53 10.1 Expansion of Existing Value Chains ....................................................................... 53 10.2 Sectorial Professionalization and Development ................................................... 53 10.3 New Value Chain Creation ..................................................................................... 54 11.0 WASTE VALUE CHAIN RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................ 57 11.1 Markets for Poor (M4P) ......................................................................................... 57 11.2 The UNDP 3x6 Approach ....................................................................................... 58 Page ii Solid Waste Value Chain Analysis Final Report Irbid and Mafraq – Jordan June 2015 11.3 Community Focussed Recommendation ............................................................... 59 11.3.1 Professionalization of the Recycling Sector ................................................... 59 11.3.2 Industrial Symbiosis Programme - Resource Matching Workshops .............. 62 11.3.3 Corporate Environmental Stewardship Scheme ............................................ 63 11.4 Waste Specific Focussed Recommendation .......................................................... 65 11.4.1 Waste Banks ................................................................................................... 65 11.4.2 Composting and Soap Making........................................................................ 67 11.4.3