An International Survey of Electrical and DHW Load Profiles for Use in Simulating the Performance of Residential Micro- cogeneration Systems Energy in Buildings and Communities Programme October 2014 A Report of Annex 54 “Integration of Micro-Generation and Related Energy Technologies in Buildings” Edited by Ken Darcovich (Research Council of Canada) – Subtask A Leader Evgueniy Entchev (National Resources Canada, Canada) – Operating Agent Peter Tzscheutschler (Technische Universität München, Germany) – Operating Agent On behalf of IEA EBC Annex 54 © Copyright: Copying with reference to “IEA EBC Annex 54 Integration of Micro-Generation and Related Energy Technologies in Buildings” permitted. All property rights, including copyright, are vested in Technische Universität München, Operating Agent for EBC Annex 54, on behalf of the Contracting Parties of the International Energy Agency Implementing Agreement for a Programme of Research and Development on Energy in Buildings and Communities. Published by Technische Universität München, Germany, 2014 Disclaimer Notice: This publication has been compiled with reasonable skill and care. However, neither Technische Universität München nor the EBC Contracting Parties (of the International Energy Agency Implementing Agreement for a Programme of Research and Development on Energy in Buildings and Communities) make any representation as to the adequacy or accuracy of the information contained herein, or as to its suitability for any particular application, and accept no responsibility or liability arising out of the use of this publication. The information contained herein does not supersede the requirements given in any national codes, regulations or standards, and should not be regarded as a substitute for the need to obtain specific professional advice for any particular application. Citation: K. Darcovich, et.al.: “An International Survey of Electrical and DHW Load Profiles for Use in Simulating the Performance of Residential Micro-cogeneration Systems”, published by Technische Universität München, Germany, 10/2014 Participating countries in EBC: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, P.R. China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and the United States of America. This document may be downloaded from: www.iea-ebc.org 2 An International Survey of Electrical and DHW Load Profiles for Use in Simulating the Performance of Residential Micro- cogeneration Systems Energy in Buildings and Communities Programme October 2014 A Report of Annex 54 “Integration of Micro-Generation and Related Energy Technologies in Buildings” Authored by: K. Darcovich (Research Council of Canada) E. Entchev (Natural Resources Canada) I. Beausoleil-Morrison (Carleton University, Canada) N. Kelly (University of Strathclyde, UK) P. Tzscheutschler (Technische Universität München, Germany) M. Steck (FfE, Germany) T. Sakonji (Tokyo Gas, Japan) S. Sibilio, A. Rosato (Seconda Università di Napoli, Italy) E.J. Lee, E.C. Kang (Korea Institute of Energy Research) S. Cho (North Carolina State University) L. Yang, M. Ghorab (CanmetENERGY Research Centre, Canada) S.W. Chul (Daejeon University, Korea) B. Di Pietra, G. Puglisi (ENEA, Italy) 3 Acknowledgements This report is the result of an international project performed within Annex 54 of the IEA/EBC programme. We would like to express our great appreciation to the participants of Annex 54 for their contribution as well as for the support given by different national bodies. The guidance of the EBC Executive Committee is gratefully acknowledged. Ken Darcovic (Subtask A Leader), Evgueniy Entchev, Peter Tzscheutschler (Operating Agents) 4 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................................ 4 Table of Contents ............................................................................................ 5 1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 6 1.1 Subtask A: Technical Development......................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Background and Present Aims ................................................................................................................ 8 1.3 Overview of Technical Content ............................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................ 10 1.5 Data sets and profile generators .......................................................................................................... 11 2 Updated National Initiatives ................................................................... 13 2.1 Canada .................................................................................................................................................. 13 2.2 Italy ....................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2.1 Domestic hot water and electric demand profiles .......................................................................... 14 2.2.2 Electrical Load Profile for Italian Multifamily Houses and Italian Office Buildings ......................... 18 2.3 Japan ..................................................................................................................................................... 32 2.4 South Korea .......................................................................................................................................... 38 2.4.1 Monitoring of Heating and Cooling Loads in Residential Buildings ................................................. 38 2.4.2 Monitoring of Heating and Cooling Loads in Office Building .......................................................... 40 2.4.3 Load Sharing of residential and office buildings ............................................................................. 42 2.4.4 Electricity consumption at Apartment Houses in Daejeon, Korea .................................................. 44 2.4.5 Electricity Consumption .................................................................................................................. 46 2.4.6 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................... 47 2.5 United Kingdom .................................................................................................................................... 48 2.5.1 A high-resolution energy demand model for electricity use. .......................................................... 49 2.5.2 A model to calculate high resolution appliance demand profiles for European dwellings ............. 55 2.6 Germany ............................................................................................................................................... 63 2.6.1 TU Munich projects ......................................................................................................................... 63 2.6.2 Projects from the Research Center for Energy Economics (FfE) ..................................................... 68 3 Overview and Concluding Remarks ......................................................... 72 References .................................................................................................... 74 Background ................................................................................................... 79 Annex 54 .......................................................................................................................................................... 82 5 1 Introduction The IEA Annex 54 on “Integration of Micro-Generation and Related Energy Technologies in Buildings” is undertaking an in depth analysis of micro-generation and associated energy technologies. The scope of activities encompasses: multi-source micro-cogeneration systems, polygeneration systems (i.e. integrated heating / cooling / power generation systems) and renewable hybrid systems; the integration of micro-generation, energy storage and demand side management technologies at a local level (integrated systems); customised and optimum control strategies for integrated systems; the analysis of integrated and hybrid systems performance when serving single and multiple residences along with small commercial premises; and the analysis of the wider impact of micro-generation on the power distribution system. To broaden the impact of the Annex’s output there will be significant effort to disseminate its deliverables to non-technical stakeholders working in related areas such as housing, product commercialisation and regulatory development. In view of the above outlined activities, the expected outcomes are: An update on occupant related DHW and electric load profiles. Component models and their implementation in building simulation tools. Review of best practice in the operation and control of integrated micro-generation systems. Predictive control algorithms to maximize the performance and value of micro-generation. Experimental data sets for the calibration and validation of device models. Performance assessment