Cost Analysis Figure 21. Estimated Unit Costs for Installation and Maintenance Procedures (2004) Costs are based on average conditions calculated from research plot applications. Costs can vary considerably depending on specific site conditions. These examples are intended for comparison purposes and should not be used as bid prices. Note: Estimated costs do not include bark mulch applied as a continuous bed. If that is the desired treatment, an additional mulch materials and application cost would apply. Estimated costs do not include plant or installation warranties. Enhancing Delaware Highways Cost Analysis 122 Figure 21. Estimated Costs for Installation and Maintenance, for comparison (2004) Drilling holes prior to planting quart containers. Note: Estimated costs do not include bark mulch applied as a continuous bed. If that is the desired treatment, an additional mulch materials and application cost would apply. Estimated costs do not include plant or installation warranties. Enhancing Delaware Highways Cost Analysis 124 Appendix A: Checklists–Inventory of Site Conditions 2. Roadway Limitations Checklist Check the roadside zone(s) included in the location to be landscaped: J Back slope or cut slope J Swale or ditch zone 1. Climate and Growth Conditions Checklist J Approach or shoulder zone J Edge or border zone J Front or fill slope Check the appropriate clear zone requirement: Check the appropriate cold hardiness zone: J Standard 30 feet J Other ( feet) J Zone 6 or J Zone 7 Presence of guard rail and/or barrier curb: Guard rail J Yes J No J Partial ( feet) Project is located in the following county: Barrier curb J Yes J No J Partial ( feet) J New Castle J Kent J Sussex Potential design exceptions to clear zone requirements (For new projects only): Project is located in the following physiographic region: J Exceptional trees (note size, species or historic value on seperate sheet) J Adverse character change J Piedmont J Coastal Plain J Significant functional and/or aesthetic value J Scenic or low speed road Conduct a soil test to determine the following soil characteristics: J Rare/endangered/threatened species (plant or animal) Soil texture: J Sand J Sandy loam J Loam J Clay loam J Clay J Wetland Reduction of water quality or serious erosion/sedimentation effects Organic matter content: % pH: J Soil moisture content: Dry Moist Very wet (drainage < 1"/hr) J J J Is the drainage ditch designed with sufficient width to accommodate plantings? J Yes J No Check the light exposure: Note the presence of all utilities: J Full sunlight J Partial sunlight J Shade J Above ground high voltage electric wires J Buried utilities J Control boxes requiring access List existing thriving plant species: Note required line of sight setback: feet required Desirable Undesirable Note locations requiring erosion control: square feet at % slope square feet at % slope Note functions plants are required to perform at this site: J Indicate change in direction J Increase effectiveness of traffic signs J Attenuate impact Indicators of stress on existing species: J Screen headlight glare J Interveinal chlorosis J Chlorosis J Leaf wilting J Block undesirable views Emphasize desirable views J Marginal leaf scorch J Premature fall coloration J J Combat highway hypnosis J Buffer noise List species affected by stress: J Reduce mowing time J Increase maintenance safety J Integrate the roadside landscape into the surroundings J Contribute to the health and diversity of the regional environment J Introduce travelers to Delaware’s regional vegetation J Control drifting snow J Discourage grafitti J Provide a buffer for pedestrians Enhancing Delaware Highways Appendix A 126 Cross Reference of Plant Palette by Common Name Appendix B: 3. Cultural and Historical Characteristics (CHC) Matrix Use the following chart to determine cultural and historical characteristic values. Trees Common Name Scientific Name 2 1 0 Allegheny serviceberry Amelanchier laevis 4 0 American holly Ilex opaca 2 1 0 American beech Fagus grandifolia 3 0 American linden Tilia americana 1 0 Sycamore Platanus occidentalis 2 1 0 Apple serviceberry Amelanchier x grandiflora Bald cypress Taxodium distichum 0 2 4 Black tupelo Nyssa sylvatica 0 1 2 Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa 0 1 2 Carolina silverbell Halesia tetraptera 2 0 Chestnut oak Quercus prinus 4 2 0 Common pawpaw Asimina triloba Common sassafras Sassafras albidum Cucumber magnolia Magnolia acuminata Donald Wyman crabapple Malus 'Donald Wyman' Downy serviceberry Amelanchier arborea Fill in appropriate numbers for each site using the blank matrix below. Carry the number assigned Eastern flowering dogwood Cornus florida for each row to the value column and total the values to arrive at a matrix score for the site. Eastern red cedar Juniperus virginiana Eastern redbud Cercis canadensis Emerald sentinnel cedar Juniperus virginiana 'Emerald Sentinnel' Flowering cherry Prunus x yedoensis Galaxy magnolia Magnolia 'Galaxy' Giant arborvitae Thuja plicata 'Green Giant' Green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green hawthorn Crataegus viridis 'Winter King' Hackberry Celtis occidentalis Hophornbeam Ostrya virginiana Ironwood Carpinus caroliniana Japanese tree lilac Syringa reticulata Kentucky coffeetree Gymnocladus dioicus Loblolly pine Pinus taeda London plane Platanus x acerifolia Maidenhair tree Ginkgo biloba Merrill magnolia Magnolia 'Merrill' Pagoda dogwood Cornus alternifolia Persimmon Diospyros virginiana Enhancing Delaware Highways Appendix B 128 Trees Shrubs Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Red maple Acer rubrum American bladdernut Staphylea trifolia Red oak Quercus rubra Arrowwood viburnum Viburnum dentatum River birch Betula nigra Beach plum Prunus maritima Scarlet oak Quercus coccinea Black chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa Serviceberry Amelanchier canadensis Blackhaw viburnum Viburnum prunifolium Shingle oak Quercus imbricaria Blue holly Ilex x meserveae Shumard oak Quercus shumardii Border forsythia Forsythia x intermedia Sourwood Oxydendrum arboreum Bracted viburnum Viburnum bracteatum Southern magnolia Magnolia grandiflora Bumald spirea Spiraea x bumalda Star magnolia Magnolia stellata Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis Sugar maple Acer saccharum Chokeberry Aronia arbutifolia Swamp chestnut oak Quercus michauxii Coast azalea Rhododendron atlanticum Swamp white oak Quercus bicolor Common witchhazel Hamamelis virginiana Sweetbay magnolia Magnolia virginiana Cranberrybush viburnum Viburnum trilobum Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua Dwarf fothergilla Fothergilla gardenii Tulip tree Liriodendron tulipifera False indigo-bush Amorpha fruticosa Two-winged silverbell Halesia diptera var. magniflora Fragrant sumac Rhus aromatica Virginia pine Pinus virginiana Glossy abelia Abelia x grandiflora White ash Fraxinus americana Gray dogwood Cornus racemosa White fringetree Chionanthus virginicus Gro-low fragrant sumac Rhus aromatica 'Gro-low' White oak Quercus alba Groundselbush Baccharis halimifolia White pine Pinus strobus Highbush blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum Willow oak Quercus phellos Hoary azalea Rhododendron canescens Yellow bird magnolia Magnolia 'Yellow Bird' Inkberry Ilex glabra Yellowwood Cladrastis kentukea Japanese spirea Spiraea japonica 'Nana' Yoshino cryptomeria Cryptomeria japonica 'Yoshino' Judd viburnum Viburnum x juddii Koreanspice viburnum Viburnum carlesii Large fothergilla Fothergilla major Lowbush blueberry Vaccinium angustifolium Manchurian lilac Syringa patula 'Miss Kim' Mapleleaf viburnum Viburnum acerifolium Marsh elder Iva frutescens Meyer lilac Syringa meyeri Mountain fetterbush Leucothoe axillaris Nannyberry viburnum Viburnum lentago Northern bayberry Myrica pensylvanica Enhancing Delaware Highways Appendix B 130 Shrubs Herbaceous Plants Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Oakleaf hydrangea Hydrangea quercifolia Aromatic aster Aster oblongifolius 'October Skies' Pinxterbloom azalea Rhododendron periclymenoides Aromatic aster Aster oblongifolius 'Raydon's Favorite' Possum-haw viburnum Viburnum nudum Basil bee-balm Monarda clinopodia Redosier dogwood Cornus sericea (C. stolonifera) Black bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa Shore juniper Juniperus conferta Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta Shrubby St. Johnswort Hypericum prolificum Blazing star Liatris spicata Silky dogwood Cornus amomum Blue ice blue star Amsonia 'Blue Ice' Smooth alder Alnus serrulata Blue phlox Phlox divaricata Smooth sumac Rhus glabra Blue vervain Verbena hastata Snowmound spirea Spiraea nipponica 'Snowmound' Bluestem goldenrod Solidago caesia Spicebush Lindera benzoin Bowman's root Porteranthus trifoliatus Staghorn sumac Rhus typhina Bristly aster Aster puniceus Swamp azalea Rhododendron viscosum Broadleaf cattail Typha latifolia Swamphaw viburnum Viburnum nudum Broadleaf ironweed Vernonia glauca Sweet pepperbush Clethra alnifolia Brown-eyed Susan Rudbeckia triloba Sweetbells leucothoe Leucothoe racemosa Butterfly milkweed Asclepias tuberosa Sweetshrub Calycanthus floridus Cardinal flower Lobelia cardinalis Trumpet vine Campsis radicans Common boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum Virginia creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia Common milkweed Asclepias syriaca Virginia sweetspire Itea virginica Creeping phlox Phlox stolonifera Winged sumac Rhus copallina Culver's root Veronicastrum virginicum Winterberry Ilex verticillata Cutleaf coneflower Rudbeckia laciniata Witherod viburnum Viburnum cassinoides Downy blue star Amsonia ciliata Downy goldenrod Solidago puberula Downy phlox Phlox pilosus Early goldenrod Solidago juncea Eastern silvery