Final – August 14, 2007 BASIN MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN For the Implementation of Total Maximum Daily Loads Adopted by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection in the UPPER OCKLAWAHA RIVER BASIN Developed by the Upper Ocklawaha Basin Working Group in Cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection Division of Water Resource Management Bureau of Watershed Management August 14, 2007 ii Final – August 14, 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ___________________________________________________ viii List of Acronyms _____________________________________________________ ix I. ADOPTED UPPER OCKLAWAHA RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN ________________________ 1 Upper Ocklawaha River Basin Working Group Members and Other Participants _____________________________________________________ 2 2007 Upper Ocklawaha River Basin Management Action Plan Addressing the 2003 TMDLs__________________________________________________ 4 AP.1. Background _________________________________________________________4 AP.2. Total Maximum Daily Loads ____________________________________________5 AP.3. BMAP Process ______________________________________________________8 AP.3.1. Allocations _______________________________________________________ 10 AP.3.2. Upper Ocklawaha Basin Management Action Plan ________________________ 10 AP.4. Monitoring Program__________________________________________________22 AP.5. Tracking and Follow-up Actions ________________________________________23 AP.6. Commitment to Plan Implementation ____________________________________24 II. UPPER OCKLAWAHA BASIN MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN SUPPORTING DOCUMENT ______________ 46 Chapter 1: Context, Purpose, and Scope of the Plan ______________________ 47 1.1 Water Quality Standards and Total Maximum Daily Loads______________________47 1.2 TMDL Implementation__________________________________________________48 1.3 Upper Ocklawaha River Basin Management Action Plan _______________________48 1.3.1 Stakeholder Involvement ______________________________________________ 48 1.3.2 Plan Purpose _______________________________________________________ 49 1.3.3 Geographic Scope ___________________________________________________ 49 1.3.4 Plan Scope _________________________________________________________ 51 1.3.5 TMDLs in the Upper Ocklawaha River Basin _______________________________ 51 1.3.6 Pollutant Reduction and Discharge Allocations _____________________________ 52 1.4 Assumptions and Considerations Regarding TMDL Implementation ______________56 1.4.1 Assumptions________________________________________________________ 56 1.4.2 Considerations ______________________________________________________ 57 Chapter 2: Upper Ocklawaha River Basin Setting_________________________ 58 2.1 Basin Hydrology and Water Management __________________________________58 2.2 Land Use Coverage ___________________________________________________61 Chapter 3: Basinwide Water Quality Issues, Pollutant Sources, and Management Actions ____________________________________________ 63 3.1 Water Quality Issues___________________________________________________63 3.2 Total Phosphorus Sources, by Source Category _____________________________66 3.2.1 Mining Operations ___________________________________________________ 67 3.3 Water Quality Trends __________________________________________________68 ii Final – August 14, 2007 3.4 Regulatory Links to BMAP Implementation__________________________________69 3.4.1 Environmental Resource Permitting ______________________________________ 69 3.4.2 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Stormwater Program___________ 69 3.5 Broad-based Programs and Management Actions Contributing to Reductions in Total Phosphorus Loadings ___________________________________________73 3.5.1 Agricultural Industry Contributions to Pollutant Load Reductions________________ 73 3.5.2 St. Johns River Water Management District Programs _______________________ 76 3.5.3 Lake County Management Actions_______________________________________ 77 3.5.4 Orange County Management Actions ____________________________________ 78 3.5.5 Marion County Management Actions _____________________________________ 79 3.5.6 Polk County Management Actions _______________________________________ 80 3.5.7 Septic Tanks________________________________________________________ 80 3.5.8 Comprehensive Plan Updates __________________________________________ 81 3.5.9 Related Water Resource Protection Initiatives—Wekiva Springs________________ 81 3.5.10 Stormwater Reuse __________________________________________________ 82 3.5.11 Management Action Summaries _______________________________________ 82 3.5.12 Estimates of Future Loadings from Growth and Future Management Actions _____ 86 3.6 Anticipated Total Phosphorus Loading Reductions and Resource Responses ______87 3.6.1 Meeting the TMDL Goals ______________________________________________ 87 3.6.2 Anticipated Resource Responses _______________________________________ 92 Chapter 4: Pollutant Sources and Management Actions, by Sub-basin _______ 93 4.1 Lake Apopka Sub-basin ________________________________________________93 4.1.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category____________________________________ 93 4.1.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading ___________________ 93 4.1.3 Anticipated Reductions in Total Phosphorus _______________________________ 99 4.2 Lake Beauclair Sub-basin ______________________________________________100 4.2.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category___________________________________ 100 4.2.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading __________________ 101 4.2.3 Anticipated Reductions in Total Phosphorus ______________________________ 103 4.3 Lake Carlton Sub-basin________________________________________________104 4.3.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category___________________________________ 104 4.3.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading __________________ 104 4.3.3 Anticipated Reductions in Total Phosphorus ______________________________ 105 4.4 Lake Dora Sub-basin _________________________________________________106 4.4.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category___________________________________ 106 4.4.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading __________________ 107 4.4.3 Anticipated Reductions of Total Phosphorus ______________________________ 109 4.5 Lake Eustis Sub-basin ________________________________________________110 4.5.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category___________________________________ 110 4.5.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading __________________ 111 4.5.3 Anticipated Reductions in Total Phosphorus ______________________________ 114 4.6 Trout Lake Sub-basin _________________________________________________115 4.6.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category___________________________________ 115 4.6.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading __________________ 116 4.6.3 Anticipated Reductions of Total Phosphorus ______________________________ 119 4.7 Lake Harris Sub-basin_________________________________________________119 4.7.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category___________________________________ 119 4.7.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading __________________ 120 4.7.3 Anticipated Reductions of Total Phosphorus ______________________________ 123 4.8 Palatlakaha River Sub-basin____________________________________________124 4.8.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category___________________________________ 124 4.8.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading __________________ 125 4.8.3 Anticipated Reductions in Total Phosphorus ______________________________ 131 4.9 Lake Griffin Sub-basin_________________________________________________132 iii Final – August 14, 2007 4.9.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category___________________________________ 132 4.9.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading __________________ 133 4.9.3 Anticipated Reductions in Total Phosphorus ______________________________ 136 4.10 Lake Yale Sub-basin_________________________________________________137 4.10.1 Pollutant Sources by Source Category__________________________________ 137 4.10.2 Management Actions to Reduce Total Phosphorus Loading _________________ 138 4.10.3 Anticipated Reductions in Total Phosphorus _____________________________ 138 Chapter 5. Funding Management Actions ______________________________ 140 5.1 BMAP Funding Sources _______________________________________________140 5.2 Potential Funding Assistance for Water Quality Improvement __________________140 5.2.1 Federal Section 319 Funding __________________________________________ 140 5.2.2 Water Projects Grant Program (Section 403.885, F.S.) ______________________ 141 5.2.3 Water Protection and Sustainability Program (Section 403.890, F.S.) and TMDL Water Quality Restoration Grants _________________________________ 142 5.2.4 Water Pollution Control State Revolving Fund _____________________________ 142 5.2.5 St. Johns River Water Management District Cooperative Cost-share Program ____ 143 5.2.6 Lake County Water Authority Cooperative Stormwater Grants ________________ 143 Chapter 6: Assessing Progress and Making Changes ____________________ 144 6.1 Tracking Implementation_______________________________________________144 6.2 Monitoring Water Quality and Pollutant Loads ______________________________144 6.2.1 Monitoring Objectives and Anticipated Benefits ____________________________ 145 6.2.2 Water Quality Indicators (representing applicable designated