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Ml 48106 18 BEDFORD ROW. LONDON WC1R 4EJ, ENGLAND 8115094 D a v is , R a y J. SELECTED FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SELECTION, ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT, AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF BLACK DOCTORAL STUDENTS AND DOCTORAL-DEGREE RECIPIENTS IN INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION The Ohio State University P H .D . 1981 University Microfilms . International 300 N. Zceb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 Copyright 1981 by Davis, Ray J. All Rights Reserved PLEASE NOTE: In all case 9 this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been Identified here with a check mark V . 1. Glossy photographs or pages ______ 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print _____ 3. Photographs with dark background _____ 4. Illustrations are poor copy ______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy ______ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page ______ 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages A -"" 8'. Print exceeds margin requirements ______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine ______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print 11. Page(s) ___________lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. Page(8) ___________seem to be missing In numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered __________. Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages ______ 16. Other _______________________________________________________________ University Microfilms International SELECTED FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SELECTION, ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT, AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF BLACK DOCTORAL STUDENTS AND DOCTORAL-DEGREE RECIPIENTS IN INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillm ent of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By . Ray J. Davis, B.S,, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 1981 Reading Committee Approved By Dr. James J. Buffer, Jr. Dr. W1111S E, Ray Dr. George P. Ecker C j ^ t r i a l Technology To Gwen Gwen Whose Encouragement, Sacrifice, and Support Enabled Me to Complete this Dissertation 11 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS No doubt, the process of completing this scholarly work was the most d iffic u lt scholastic experience confronted by the w riter. However, there were several persons who helped to make this experience both endurable and successful. Therefore, I t 1s with sincere thanks and grateful appreciation that the w riter acknowledge those persons. First, the writer would like to extend sincere thanks to his doctoral advisory committee. To Dr. James J. Buffer, J r., my major adviser, who provided counsel, foresight, and patience; and who In­ spired and never gave up on me from the start to the conclusion of this study. Special appreciation 1s also expressed to Dr. Will 1s E. Ray and Dr. George P. Ecker for th eir wisdom, knowledge, and support which enabled the w riter to produce a scholarly document which he can be proud. Without the 279 or more persons who responded to the question­ naires, this study would not have been completed. Therefore, the w riter wishes to thank each of those Individuals who took the time to complete and return questionnaires. Special appreciation 1s also expressed to Dr. Donald G. Lux and Dr. Edwin Novak for evaluating the early drafts of the questionnaires and for providing recommendations for Improving the Instruments. 111 Through the untiring and persistent typing skills of Ms. Ellene Reece* the w riter was able to meet various deadlines and submit a presentable Dissertation. Your efforts, Ms. Reece, are greatly appreciated. The w riter also wishes to thank Ms. Constance Hines and Mr. Greg W1neg for th eir assistance 1n the data analysis aspect of this study. Appreciation 1s expressed to Ms. Janice L. Gilmore who spent countless hours assisting the w riter 1n mailing and coding the questionnaires. A warm thank you 1s also extended to Ms. Eliza Glover and Ms. Kavita Pandit for sacrificing th eir time to assist the w riter in mailing questionnaires and proofreading drafts of the Dissertation. Without financial assistance 1t would have been Impossible to undertake this Investigation. Therefore, the writer wishes to thank Dr. Frank W. Hale, Jr. and the Office of Minority Affairs at The Ohio State University for th eir financial support. Finally, sincere gratitude 1s being expressed to my wife Gwendolyn who has given more and has sacrificed more than anyone dur­ ing this educational pursuit. 1 v VITA March 3, 1951............................Born - Charleston, South Carolina June, 1969 ................................... Graduated, Colonel Richardson Senior High School, Federalsburg, Maryland May, 1973 ................................... B. S., University of Maryland-Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland June, 1974 ................................... M. A., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 1974 - 1977 , Instructor, Graphic Arts, Ponus Rl.dge Middle School, Norwalk, Connecticut 1977 - 1980 . Graduate Teaching Associate, Indus­ tr ia l Technology Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1980 - Present Assistant Professor, Industrial Educa­ tion and Technology, Alcorn State University, Lorman, Mississippi FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field .................................. Industrial Technology Education Dr. James J. Buffer, Jr. Dr. W Hlis E. Ray Minor Field .................................. Education Administration Dr. George P. Ecker v TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DEDICATION..................................................................................................... 11 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS........................................................................................ 111 V ITA ................................................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................ xl LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................... xvii1 Chapter I. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY....................................................... 1 Statement of the Problem ............................................... 4 Statement of the Objectives ........................................... 5 Selection ...................................................................... 6 Academic Achievement ............................................... 7 Vocational Selection and Development ................ 8 Assumptions.......................................................................... 9 Definition of Terms ........................................................... 9 Limitations ...............................................................................12 Summary of Chapter I ............................................................13 I I . REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE................................................................ 14 Introduction ...................................................................... 14 Graduate and Professional School Admission Requirements ............................................... 16 Grade Point Average (GPA) ............................................17 Standardized Test Scores ....................................... 23 Letters of Recommendation ............................................24 Interview s .......................................................................26 Issues and Concerns Regarding Admission C riteria . 27 An Overview .......................................................................27 Introduction to Minority Preference ........................ 31 Philosophical