International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 369 Preliminary Report Australia Cretaceous Climate and Tectonics Tectonic, paleoclimate, and paleoceanographic history of high-latitude southern margins of Australia during the Cretaceous 26 September–26 November 2017 B.T. Huber, R.W. Hobbs, K.A. Bogus, and the Expedition 369 Scientists Publisher’s notes Core samples and the wider set of data from the science program covered in this report are under moratorium and accessible only to Science Party members until 25 May 2019. This publication was prepared by the JOIDES Resolution Science Operator (JRSO) at Texas A&M University (TAMU) as an account of work performed under the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). Funding for IODP is provided by the following international partners: National Science Foundation (NSF), United States Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD) Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), People’s Republic of China Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Australia-New Zealand IODP Consortium (ANZIC) Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), India Coordination for Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Brazil Portions of this work may have been published in whole or in part in other IODP documents or publications. Disclaimer Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the participating agencies, TAMU, or Texas A&M Research Foundation. Copyright Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/). Unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction are permitted, provided the original author and source are credited. Citation Huber, B.T., Hobbs, R.W., Bogus, K.A., and the Expedition 369 Scientists, 2018. Expedition 369 Preliminary Report: Australia Cretaceous Climate and Tectonics. International Ocean Discovery Program. https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.pr.369.2018 ISSN World Wide Web: 2372-956 February 2018 B.T. Huber et al. Expedition 369 Preliminary Report Expedition 369 participants Expedition 369 scientists Brian T. Huber Dennis L. Harry Co-Chief Scientist Physical Properties Specialist National Museum of Natural History Department of Geosciences Smithsonian Institution Colorado State University USA USA [email protected] [email protected] Richard W. Hobbs Takashi Hasegawa Co-Chief Scientist Organic Geochemist Department of Earth Sciences Department of Earth Sciences University of Durham Faculty of Natural Systems United Kingdom Kanazawa University [email protected] Japan [email protected] Kara A. Bogus Expedition Project Manager/Staff Scientist Shannon J. Haynes International Ocean Discovery Program Sedimentologist Texas A&M University Department of Geosciences USA Princeton University [email protected] USA [email protected] Sietske J. Batenburg Stratigraphic Correlator Tao Jiang Department of Earth Sciences Sedimentologist University of Oxford College of Marine Science and Engineering United Kingdom China University of Geosciences [email protected] China [email protected] Hans-Jürgen Brumsack Inorganic Geochemist Matthew M. Jones Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres (ICBM) Physical Properties Specialist/Downhole Measurements Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Earth and Planetary Sciences Germany Northwestern University [email protected] USA [email protected] Rodrigo do Monte Guerra Paleontologist (nannofossils) Junichiro Kuroda Technological Institute of Micropaleontology Sedimentologist Universiadde do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS) Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute Brazil University of Tokyo [email protected] Japan [email protected] Kirsty M. Edgar Paleontologist (foraminifers) Eun Young Lee School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Physical Properties Specialist University of Birmingham Faculty of Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences United Kingdom Chonnam National University [email protected] Republic of Korea [email protected] Trine Edvardsen Paleontologist (benthic foraminifers) Yong-Xiang Li Natural History Museum of Denmark Paleomagnetist University of Copenhagen School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Denmark Nanjing University [email protected] China [email protected] 3 B.T. Huber et al. Expedition 369 Preliminary Report Kenneth G. MacLeod Gabriel T. Tagliaro Stratigraphic Correlator Sedimentologist Department of Geological Sciences Institute for Geophysics University of Missouri, Columbia University of Texas at Austin USA USA [email protected] [email protected] Alessandro Maritati Maria Luisa Garcia Tejada Sedimentologist Petrologist Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) Institute for Research on Earth Evolution (IFREE) University of Tasmania Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Australia Japan [email protected] [email protected] Mathieu Martinez Carmine C. Wainman Physical Properties Specialist Sedimentologist/Observer Geosciences Rennes Australian School of Petroleum University of Rennes 1 University of Adelaide France Australia [email protected] [email protected] Lauren K. O'Connor David K. Watkins Organic Geochemist Paleontologist (nannofossils) Department of Earth Sciences Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Oxford University of Nebraska, Lincoln United Kingdom USA [email protected] [email protected] Maria Rose Petrizzo Lloyd T. White Paleontologist (foraminifers) Physical Properties Specialist/Downhole Measurements Department of Earth Sciences School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano University of Wollongong Italy Australia [email protected] [email protected] Tracy M. Quan Erik Wolfgring Inorganic Geochemist Paleontologist (benthic foraminifers) Boone Pickens School of Geology Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology Oklahoma State University Department of Paleontology USA University of Vienna [email protected] Austria [email protected] Carl Richter Paleomagnetist Zhaokai Xu School of Geosciences Sedimentologist University of Louisiana at Lafayette Institute of Oceanology USA Chinese Academy of Sciences [email protected] China [email protected] Laurent Riquier Sedimentologist Institut des sciences de la Terre a Paris (ISTEP) University Pierre et Marie Curie France [email protected] 4 B.T. Huber et al. Expedition 369 Preliminary Report Education and outreach Vivien Cumming Charissa Ruth Education Officer Education Officer United Kingdom USA [email protected] [email protected] Cristiane Delfina Education Officer Brazil [email protected] Operational and technical staff Siem Offshore AS officials Terry Skinner Sam McLelland Master of the Drilling Vessel Offshore Installation Manager Technical support Alexis Armstrong Brittany Martinez X-ray Laboratory Curatorial Specialist Heather Barnes Zenon Mateo Assistant Laboratory Officer Underway Geophysics Laboratory Etienne Claassen Erik Moortgat Marine Instrumentation Specialist Chemistry Laboratory William Crawford Algie Morgan Senior Imaging Specialist Application Developer Benjamin Daniel Chieh Peng Core Laboratory Laboratory Officer Seth Frank Vincent Percuoco Thin Section Laboratory Chemistry Laboratory Edwin Garrett Bill Rhinehart Paleomagnetics Laboratory Operations Superintendent Rachael Gray Catherine Smith Core Laboratory Temporary Technician Margaret Hastedt Alyssa Stephens Assistant Laboratory Officer Publications Specialist Jennifer Hutchinson Kerry Swain Marine Computer Specialist Logging Engineer Jurie Kotze Steven Thomas Marine Instrumentation Specialist Marine Computer Specialist Jurie Kotze, Jr. Hai (James) Zhao Temporary Technician Applications Developer 5 B.T. Huber et al. Expedition 369 Preliminary Report Abstract lation that can be used to test predictions from earth system mod- els. Paleotemperature proxies and other data will reveal the timing, The tectonic and paleoceanographic setting of the Great Austra- magnitude, and duration of peak hothouse temperatures and any lian Bight (GAB) and the Mentelle Basin (MB; adjacent to Natural- cold snaps that could have allowed growth of a polar ice sheet. The iste Plateau) offered an outstanding opportunity to investigate sites will also record the mid-Eocene–early Oligocene opening of Cretaceous and Cenozoic climate change and ocean dynamics the Tasman Gateway and the Miocene–Pliocene restriction of the during the last phase of breakup among remnant Gondwana conti- Indonesian Gateway; both passages have important effects on nents. Sediment recovered from sites in both regions during Inter- global oceanography and climate. Understanding the paleoceano- national Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 369 will provide a graphic changes in a regional context provides a global test on mod- new perspective on Earth’s temperature variation at sub-polar lati- els of Cenomanian–Turonian oceanographic and climatic evolution tudes (60°–62°S) across the extremes of the mid-Cretaceous hot related both to extreme Turonian warmth and the evolution of OAE greenhouse climate and the cooling that followed. The primary 2. goals of the expedition were to The Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks and underlying Jurassic(?) sediments cored in different