English as a Second Language Senior High Guide to Implementation 2002 ALBERTA LEARNING CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION DATA Alberta. Alberta Learning. Learning and Teaching Resources Branch. English as a second language : senior high school guide to implementation. ISBN 07785–1348–3 1. English language—Study and teaching (Secondary)—Alberta. 2. English language—Study and teaching as a second language—Alberta. 3. English language—Study and teaching (Secondary)—Alberta—Foreign Speakers. I. Title. PE1128.A2.A333 2002 372.6521 Copies of this guide are available for purchase from: Learning Resources Centre 12360 – 142 Street Edmonton, Alberta T5L 4X9 Telephone: 780–427–5775 Fax: 780–422–9750 Web Site: <www.lrc.learning.gov.ab.ca> Questions or concerns regarding this guide can be addressed to the Director, Learning and Teaching Resources Branch, Alberta Learning. Telephone: 780–427–2984, Fax: 780–422–0576. To be connected toll free inside Alberta, dial 310–0000. The primary intended audience for this document is: Administrators 9 Counsellors 9 General Audience Parent School Councils Parents Students Teachers 9 Copyright ©2002, the Crown in Right of Alberta, as represented by the Minister of Learning. Alberta Learning, Learning and Teaching Resources Branch, 11160 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T5K 0L2. Every effort has been made to provide proper acknowledgement of original sources and to comply with copyright law. If cases are identified where this has not been done, please notify Alberta Learning so appropriate corrective action can be taken. Permission is given by the copyright owner to reproduce this guide for educational purposes and on a nonprofit basis, with the exception of materials cited for which Alberta Learning does not own copyright. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Alberta Learning expresses its appreciation to those individuals and groups who assisted in the development and production of this guide to implementation and acknowledges the contributions of the following: Writers: Gail Kingwell and Dan Clarke, with input from Alberta teachers and Alberta Learning staff Contributors: Meryl Arnott Elizabeth Gammie Peggy Beere Sharon Gilbertson Carol Berndt Kari Hass Maria Enders Julia Kendal Cecilia Fenrich Kerri McLaughlin-Phillips Toni Filippetto Sharon Peat Students and Teachers of: Ernest Manning High School Calgary School District No. 19 Forest Lawn High School Calgary School District No. 19 James Fowler High School Calgary School District No. 19 Lord Beaverbrook High School Calgary School District No. 19 Louis St. Laurent School Edmonton Roman Catholic Separate School District No. 7 Queen Elizabeth School Edmonton School District No. 7 St. Joseph School Edmonton Roman Catholic Separate School District No. 7 Sir Winston Churchill High School Calgary School District No. 19 Viscount Bennett Adult ESL Program Calgary School District No. 19 Alberta Learning Learning and Teaching Resources Branch Gina Vivone-Vernon Director Jennifer Bushrod Program Manager Marilyn Tungland Editor Kim Blevins Copy Editor Lin Hallett Desktop Publishing Dianne Moyer Desktop Publishing Esther Yong Desktop Publishing Special thanks: Appreciation is expressed to Earl Brieman, Elaine Harasymiw and the English as a Second Language Advisory Committee who contributed to the development of this document. ESL Senior High School Guide to Implementation Acknowledgements /iii ©Alberta Learning, Alberta, Canada 2002 iv/ ESL Senior High School Guide to Implementation 2002 ©Alberta Learning, Alberta, Canada TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................. iii INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 ESL IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ...................................................................................................... 3 ESL Students in Alberta ................................................................................................................ 3 ESL Senior High School Program of Studies ................................................................................ 4 ESL Senior High School Guide to Implementation ...................................................................... 4 ESL Learning and Teaching Resources ......................................................................................... 5 ESL Policy and Funding ................................................................................................................ 6 Alberta Learning Web Site ............................................................................................................ 7 CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................................. 9 ESL STUDENTS .................................................................................................................................. 11 Learning English as a Second Language........................................................................................ 11 Advantages for ESL Students .................................................................................................. 11 Challenges for ESL Students ................................................................................................... 12 Second Language Learning ........................................................................................................... 12 Second Language Learning Principles and Their Implications for the ESL Student ............. 12 Factors Influencing Second Language Learning ..................................................................... 15 Developing Communicative Competence ..................................................................................... 15 Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) and Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) ......................................................................................... 15 Reception and Orientation for ESL Students ................................................................................ 17 Procedures for Entry to School ............................................................................................... 18 Interpreters and Cultural Liaison Workers ............................................................................. 18 Cultural and Political Considerations ..................................................................................... 19 Peer Support............................................................................................................................. 20 Gathering Information at Intake .............................................................................................. 21 Background Information ................................................................................................................ 21 Language Proficiency Profile ........................................................................................................ 22 Oral Language Proficiency ..................................................................................................... 22 Written Language Proficiency ................................................................................................ 23 Placing Students in Appropriate Levels of the ESL Program ....................................................... 24 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................... 25 STUDENTS AND THE ESL PROGRAM .......................................................................................... 27 ESL Senior High School Program of Studies ................................................................................ 27 Goal of the ESL Program ........................................................................................................ 27 Rationale and Philosophy ........................................................................................................ 27 Program Organization ............................................................................................................. 30 Levels Profiles ............................................................................................................................... 31 Level 1: Profile on Arrival ..................................................................................................... 31 Support for Learning at Level 1 .............................................................................................. 32 Suggested Activities for Level 1 Students .............................................................................. 32 Level 2: Profile on Arrival ..................................................................................................... 34 Support for Learning at Level 2 .............................................................................................. 34 Suggested Activities for Level 2 Students .............................................................................. 35 ESL Senior High School Guide to Implementation Table of Contents /v ©Alberta Learning, Alberta, Canada 2002 Level 3: Profile on Arrival ..................................................................................................... 36 Support for Learning at Level 3 .............................................................................................