MANUAL ON ALTERNATIVE TEMPORARY SHELTERS 2020 Edition Manual on Alternative Temporary Shelters 2020 EDITION CONTENTS 6 Acknowledgment 6 About the manual 6 Target users 7 How is the book organized? 7 FAQs 10 Discalimer 11 Chapter 1: 11 Context 11 MOVE UP Project and Urban Resilience Framework 13 Alternative Temporary Shelter 15 Chapter 2: 15 1. Identifying ATS needs 17 2. Designing ATS 19 3. Integration to plans and budgets of local government units 22 4. Facilitate implementation of ATS plans 23 5. Monitoring and evaluation, public awareness, and advocacy 25 Chapter 3: 25 I. Temporary Covered Court Partition System 48 II. Lightweight tents for outdoor settlements 112 III. ATS solutions for protracted displacements This document covers humanitarian aid and urban resilience activities implemented with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Union, and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. Acknowledgment How is the book organized? The 2020 ATS Manual draws heavily from the experiences and success The manual is divided into three interrelated sections organized sequentially of the MOVE UP Project since its inception in 2016. Special recognition is from context building up to the stages of designing, fabricating, and deploying given to those who helped complete this document: the United Architects the ATS System. Chapter 1 (Introduction) begins with an overview of the of the Philippines-Emergency Architects (UAP-EA), Local Government Units problem and the urban context that the ATS System addresses. This chapter and partner communities in the cities of Malabon, Cotabato, Cagayan de also presents the MOVE UP Project and the urban resilience framework that Oro, among others, and the European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid directs it. The second chapter, ATS System Strategy, defines the processes Operations (ECHO). and strategies that make up the ATS System. Chapter 3 (Menu of Options) compiles and presents indoor and outdoor ATS models with information on their application, construction and budgetary requirements, and more. The About the manual narratives are supplemented with visual elements (e.g., photos, drawings, plans) to help users grasp and understand the concepts faster and better. The 2020 Alternative Temporary Shelter (ATS) Manual is an initiative of the Moving Urban Poor Communities in the Philippines toward Resilience (MOVE Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) UP) Project. This manual is intended for new and experienced users with zero to advanced ATS System and shelter response knowledge. This manual aims to describe the importance and practical applications of ATS and offer 1. What is the ATS System? step-by-step guidance on properly adopting and implementing select ATS The Alternative Temporary Shelter System (ATS) is a range of substitute solutions as a form of shelter response and early action during emergencies. solutions that immediately address the shelter needs of affected populations This manual provides guidance to local government units, civil society in the initial stages of disasters to guarantee human dignity and sustain family organizations, community members, and other stakeholders on addressing the and community life. immediate shelter needs of internally displaced populations (IDPs) within a 24- hour to 36-hour period after a disaster and even for long-term displacements 2. Are ATS structures expensive? while conforming with universally accepted humanitarian principles and No. The ATS structures are cost-efficient and made from inexpensive yet standards. This manual is a working document and shall be updated from time reliable construction materials that are readily available. to time. 3. How can LGUs select the most appropriate ATS for their communities? Target users Reviewing plans and previous evacuation experiences, consulting people who have or are likely to evacuate, and conducting a participatory community- based vulnerability and capacity assessment may help LGUs determine the This manual is principally intended for local government units (LGUs) and right ATS solution. communities to augment their shelter response and early action capacities during emergencies. The manual also targets the private sector, civil society 4. How do LGUs choose the most suitable location for the deployment of organizations (CSOs), humanitarian organizations, and other actors working the ATS? closely with communities to build their resilience. LGUs can identify the most suitable deployment by checking on existing risk maps and conducting a community-based vulnerability risk and capacity assessment. The process involves multi-sectoral participation from experts, 6 MOVE UP - Alternative Temporary Shelter Manual 7 government units, and the community to identify ideal spaces for the 10. Can the ATS System solve our problems during emergencies? structures’ deployment. Yes. If deployed and maintained correctly, the ATS System may help lessen and solve issues and concerns on privacy, safety, security, and many others. 5. How long does it take to construct ATS structures? Proper guidelines and services on camp coordination and camp management The construction period for ATS structures varies depending on the models (CCCM) shall always accompany ATS’s deployment to ensure its effectiveness. and variants. Some models may take only a day, while some require a longer time. If materials are accessible and readily available, set up could be shorter. 11. Can we reuse ATS structures for another emergency? Prior training of community volunteers and LGU staff will also speed up the The ATS designs were designed to be durable and reusable for other setting-up. emergencies. Some models may last up to five years before materials should be replaced. 6. Do users need technical knowledge on construction to be able to build an ATS structure? 12. Does the ATS System support longer-term shelter needs? Having technical knowledge of construction is advantageous in building ATS The ATS System is originally intended to address short and medium-term structures. However, ATS structures have been designed to be user-friendly emergency shelter needs. Some models can cater to longer-term displacement and easy to fabricate. This Manual and its technical content may greatly help needs. Depending on the situation, the community might need more long- those who wish to build one. term solutions on shelter or housing, which need additional assessment and planning steps. In this case, the ATS System may be utilized to provide shelter 7. Can other materials be used if the prescribed one is not available? while more permanent housing solutions are drawn up. No. Only the recommended materials shall be used to achieve ATS’s maximum effectiveness. However, slight modifications can be made upon consultation with the UAP-EA or testing done by LGU together with technical staff. 8. Access to the materials and supplies can be challenging during emergencies; how can we prepare for this? You may acquire, store, and distribute materials by purchasing and stockpiling in advance, arranging rental or retainer agreements with suppliers, and combining these two. You may also tap the business sector’s CSR to source funds for the acquisition and storing of building materials. 9. Are ATS structures easy to set-up? Yes. You can set up ATS structures in less than 7-10 minutes, depending on the model [e.g., Barrel Vault Tent]. Other community members can also be trained to set-up, deploy, and dismantle the ATS structures. However, keep in mind that models that can be set-up quickly entail fabrication time prior to actual use. 8 MOVE UP - Alternative Temporary Shelter Manual 9 Disclaimer CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION The MOVE UP Project has consulted with key partners and communities over Context the years to improve the ATS System further. The project ensures that these improvements in the past will be presented in this manual. The authors of this Urban poor communities, especially in hazard-exposed countries such as the manual would appreciate any feedback. Send comments and suggestions via Philippines, face the greatest risk from two converging trends. First is that email to [email protected]. disasters are increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change, ecosystem degradation, and even conflict. Second, urbanization is occurring The MOVE UP Project strongly recommends strict compliance with the at a fast pace. The nexus of these two trends underscore the urgency not instruction, caution, and prescribed construction materials and building only for effective urban risk reduction and resilience strategies, but also for processes stated in this manual. A careful and thorough assessment of approaches that put the urban poor at the core of programming. the texts and references in this manual is needed to achieve the desired outcomes. Changing or altering the specified construction materials and building processes in any way may compromise the safety, security, and strength of the structures. All inquiries should only be directed to the MOVE UP Project and Urban Resilience Framework proponents of the project. With the aim of contributing to resilience and disaster risk reduction The MOVE UP Project, its project proponents, including Action Against Hunger mechanisms of urban poor in the Philippines, the European Commission Civil Philippines, Plan International Philippines, CARE Philippines,