University of Dundee DOCTOR OF EDUCATION Purposes, processes and parameters of continuing professional learning Martin, Kate Award date: 2017 Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 Purposes, processes and parameters of continuing professional learning Kate Martin Professional Doctorate in Education University of Dundee June, 2017 2 Contents Contents ................................................................................................................................... 2 List of Tables ............................................................................................................................ 4 List of Figures ........................................................................................................................... 5 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................... 6 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. 7 Declaration of authorship ......................................................................................................... 7 Abstract .................................................................................................................................... 9 Chapter 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Research rationale ......................................................................................... 10 1.2 Research aim and questions .......................................................................... 17 1.3 Outline of chapters ......................................................................................... 19 1.4 Overview of research design .......................................................................... 20 1.5 Contributions of the research ......................................................................... 20 1.6 Researcher interest ........................................................................................ 21 1.7 Learning contexts: work, profession and academy ........................................ 23 1.8 Professional policy contexts ........................................................................... 25 1.9 Aim and structure of the literature review ...................................................... 31 Chapter 2 Continuing professional learning or development? ............................................ 33 2.1 Defining terms ................................................................................................ 34 2.2 Characteristics of continuing professional learning........................................ 38 2.3 Motivations for continuing professional learning ............................................ 44 Chapter 3 Professions and professionalism ....................................................................... 47 3.1 Interpretations of ‘profession’ and ‘professional’. ........................................... 47 3.2 A historical overview of professions ............................................................... 49 3 3.3 Professionalism and professionalisation ........................................................ 59 3.4 Competency and performativity ..................................................................... 67 3.5 Academic credentialism ................................................................................. 73 Chapter 4 Professional Learning ........................................................................................ 82 4.1 Mediated learning ........................................................................................... 83 4.2 Socially contexted learning ............................................................................ 88 4.3 Developmental learning ................................................................................. 93 4.4 Contradiction .................................................................................................. 98 4.5 Ethical learning ............................................................................................. 100 Chapter 5 Methodology ..................................................................................................... 114 5.1 Rationale for research methodology ............................................................ 114 5.2 Inquiry paradigms ......................................................................................... 117 5.3 Rationale for research methods ................................................................... 121 5.4 Research methods ....................................................................................... 134 Chapter 6 Results of documentary data ........................................................................... 148 6.1 Application statements ................................................................................. 148 6.2 Reflective accounts ...................................................................................... 157 6.3 Findings of documentary data ...................................................................... 166 Chapter 7 Results of interview data .................................................................................. 169 7.1 Community Education .................................................................................. 170 7.2 Education ..................................................................................................... 184 7.3 Nursing ......................................................................................................... 199 7.4 Social Work .................................................................................................. 214 7.5 NVivo word query: work, think, learn............................................................ 228 Chapter 8 Findings ............................................................................................................ 230 4 8.1 Purposes ...................................................................................................... 230 8.2 Processes ..................................................................................................... 234 8.3 Parameters ................................................................................................... 238 Chapter 9 Discussion ........................................................................................................ 243 9.1 Purposes ...................................................................................................... 243 9.2 Processes ..................................................................................................... 248 9.3 Parameters ................................................................................................... 257 9.4 Trends .......................................................................................................... 263 9.5 Necessary factors......................................................................................... 270 9.6 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 272 Chapter 10 Reflective account ........................................................................................ 277 Bibliography and References ............................................................................................... 281 Appendix 1 Research Proposal ........................................................................................... 308 List of Tables Table 1 Four professions: CPD requirements ............................................................... 26 Table 2 Motivations (adapted from Maslow, 1943, 1954; Koltko-Rivera, 2006) ............ 45 Table 3 Comparison of functional characteristics of professions .................................. 57 Table 4 Levels of learning (adapted from Bateson, 1972) ............................................. 93 Table 5 Kohlberg’s (1986:34-35) model of moral development ................................... 108 Table 6 Stages of reflective judgement (adapted from King and Kitchener, 1994) ..... 109 Table 7 Four inquiry paradigms (adapted from Guba & Lincoln, 1994:109) ............... 117 Table 8 Research questions applied to Data Sets 1 & 2 ............................................. 137 Table 9 Data Set 1: two types of data .......................................................................... 138 Table 10 Respondent indicators: Data Set 2 ............................................................... 141 Table 11 Ethical procedures (adapted from Sarantakos, 2005:19) ............................