GENERAL INDEX When a village resident is mentioned only once, the page reference for this individual is usually included only under the general family category. Personal names mentioned in the epilogue are indexed separately. Numerals in bold refer to photographs. Abloogalook, Matrona [nèe Borenin], 248 Akun, 52, 58, 59, 64, 70, 75, 95 Akutan, 4, 17, 53, 58, 70.75, 87, 88, 92, 95, 96, 102, 109, 111, 113, 114, 118, 119, 121, 141, 201, 210, 217, 222, 266-267, 270 A.C. Company, 102, 109, 111 established, 70, 75 fox trapping, 140 illness, poverty, starvation, 53, 58, 121, 123, 145, 146 income compared with Pribilof Islands, 88 reindeer, 184 skin boats, 142-143 whaling station, 142, 145, 153, 179, 181 World War II, 227, 230, 231, 233, 235, 236, 241, 247-251, 253-255 Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, 276 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA), 266 Alaska Commercial Company, 72, 73, 82, 90, 106, 116, 191, 202, 260, 267, 268 control over villages, 27, 74, 81, 83-85, 87, 121, 163 alcohol, 137, 152, 174, 181, 191, 212, 213, 219, 240 Aleut Corporation, 275, 283 Aleutian Islands Reservation, 139, 141, 180 Aleutian Pribilof Islands Association, 226, 267, 268, 276, 302 Aleutian World War II National Historic Area, 273 Alexei, [Bishop], see Alexander Panteleev Anderson Bay (Unalaska Is.), 140, 165, 166, 201 Antonin, [Bishop], 187 Applegate, Samuel, 5, 77, 106, 107, 137, 141 fox farming, 123, 136, 140 sea otter hunting, 112-114, 122, 123 Arkhimandritov, Illarion, 72 assimilation, 214, 266 Atka, 3, 4, 29, 52, 54, 61, 63, 65, 69, 72, 121, 128, 132, 143, 178, 255, 270 health, 112, 145 and Japanese, 218 sea otter hunting, 92, 96, 99, 111 World War II, 226, 227, 233, 234, 240, 243, 247, 248 Attu, 3, 4, 61, 72, 83, 92, 96, 112, 118, 125, 128, 140, 143, 145, 178, 185, 222, 270 basketry, 151 chapel, 65 fox farming, 136 and Japanese, 218 sea otter hunting, 111 World War II, 227, 242, 243 General INDEX 337 baidar, 40, 46, 55 baidarka, 15, 19, 20, 28, 31, 47, 51, 56, 69, 70, 78, 87, 92, 97, 99, 116, 164 in 20th century, 132, 137, 142, 143, 149, 164, 172, 196, 218 construction, 15, 86, 87, 143 Bailey, George, 72, 75, 83 Bank II, Theodore P., 251, 252, 254, 255, 267, 268 Baranof, Makary A., 230, 238, 258 Baranov, Alexander, 6, 45, 46, 61 Beaver Inlet, 1, 4, 7, 8, 14, map 15, 20, 23, 27, 28, 40, 46, 47, 52, 58, 59, 66, 105, 122, 173, 177, 185, 222, 223, 226 driftwood, 179 Belkovski, 95, 143, 201 Benson, Brown [Bjorn], 113 Bereskin, Anna Jean [nèe Yatchmenoff], 179, 257 Bergsland, Knut, 6, 9, 10, 15, 38, 52 Berikoff, Emilian, 116, 140 Biorka (pre-1867) Beaver Inlet complex, 14, 23, 27, 32, 52, 58, 66 chapel, 63, 64, 66 descriptions, 46-47, 59 and Krenitzin Islands, 7, 61 location, 2, 4, , map 5, 6 name, 4-6 population, 52, 58 Biorka (1867-1940), 184 Alaska Commercial Company, 111 chapel, 114, 182 consolidation with other villages, 120 descriptions, 71, 73-74, 105, 106, 119-122, 130-132, 177-185, 184 epidemics, 145 fishing, 141 fox trapping, 135, 137, 183 and Japanese, 218 legal claims, 180 mining, 185 population, 70, 74, 75, 125, 126, 130, 182, 184 poverty, 123, 139, 178, 180 sea otter hunters, 83, 87, 90-92, 95-97, 99, 102, 113, 116 skin boats, 143, 181 wood frame houses, 179 Biorka (1940-present), 218, 219, 265, 266, 272 chapel, 258 description, 218, 221 evacuation, 226, 230, 231, 233-245 and Japanese, 218 population, 210, 211 resettlement, 248, 253-257 termination, 1, 257-259, 262 World War II, 222 338 LOST VILLAGES OF THE EASTERN ALEUTIANS: BIORKA, KASHEGA, MAKUSHIN Black, Lydia T., 6, 9, 10, 37 Bogoslof Island, 77, 79, 113 Bolshanin, Nicholas, 113, 123, 136-140, 143, 179 Borenin (family), 64, 65, 78, 130, 149, 151, 158, 179, 182, 188, 195, 209-211, 221, 227, 230 Borenin, Carl, 210, 211, 235, 240, 242, 250 Borenin, Elia [Il’ia], 127, 129, 132, 167, 172, 199, 201, 202, 205, 206, 209, 248 Borenin, Eva, 209, 240 Borenin, Evdokia (Eva), 209, 240 Borenin, George, 1, 130, 132, 149, 160, 197, 209, 211, 221, 229, 235, 242, 246, 249, 250, 251, 252, 254, 255, 259 Borenin, Innokentii, 210-212, 219, 249 Borenin, John, see John Olsen Borenin, John, [Makushin] 167, 201, 260 Borenin, John [Ioann] S., 101, 127, 129, 164 Borenin, Marva, 129, 164, 201, 202, 204, 205, 217 Borenin, Matfey, 127, 129, 167, 172, 201 Borenin, Matrona, see Matrona Krukoff Borenin, Mike, [Biorka]182, 205 Borenin, Natalia, 165, 204, 205, 209, 249 Borenin, Nick, 209, 227, 235, 242, 248 Borenin, Oleta, 160, 189, 191, 197, 210 Borenin, Olga [nèe Shapsnikoff], 149, 151, 160, 195, 196, Borenin, Sergie, 160, 209, 211, 230, 235, 242, 251, 258 Borenin, Sophia, see Sophia Pletnikoff Borenin, Valentine “Tina”, 204, 249 Borenin, Vasilii, 153, 195 Brady, John G., 111 Brown, William C. “Bill”, 202, 207, 213 Bryant, Charles, 71, 72 Buckley, Paul, 137, 140, 141, 143 Burdukofski, Ruff, 90, 92 Caldwell, Jenabe and Elaine, 252 Carlisle Indian School, 133, 192 Carter, Arletta, 174, 187, 188, 191, 192 Catherine II, 39 Chercasen, Dorofey “Rusty”, 227, 236, 237, 239 Chernofski, 4, 17, 18, 21, 49, 69, 77, 78, 90, 109, 120, 130, 142, 149, 151, 158, 165, 203, 233, 245, 255, 267, 268 chapel, 64, 70, 98, 108, 147 decline, 107, 121, 122, 137, 140, 141, 146, 147 evacuation, 228-230 population, 61, 75, 114, 125 sea otter hunters, 81-84, 95, 97, 107, 110, 113, 116, 123 sheep, 143-145, 191, 192, 199, 206 ties to Kashega and Makushin, 7, 57, 83, 84, 91, 92, 101, 113, 133 World War II, 219-222, 227 Christoffers, Harry J., 143 General INDEX 339 Clerke, Charles, 29, 38, 40, 42, 43 Commander Islands (Bering, Mednoi), 4, 52 Cook, James, 27, 27-29, 33, 35-42, 39 creole (terminology), 54, 55, 64, 102, 106, 114 Dall, William Healy, 72, 85, 86, 98 Dalrymple, Al, 51 Davenport, Noah and Clara, 118, 119, 123, 180 Davidson, George, 7, 70, 133 Deep Bay Village, 30-33, 40, 58, 66 Denisoff (family), 100, 129, 130, 160, 192, 211 Denisoff, Afanasii, 130, 151 Denisoff, Feckla [nèe Borenin], 150, 189, 245 Denisoff, Ivan [John] A., 129, 130, 149, 150, 153, 155, 187, 194-196, 209, 211, 219, 221, 245 Denisoff, Martha, 157, 158, 188 Denisoff, Nikifor, 97, 130, 149, , 158, 192, 194, 210, 230, 231, 240, 268 Denisoff, Xenia, see Alice Moller Diakanoff, Cecil, 225 Diakanoff, Mary [nèe Moller], 160, 189, 189-191, 191, 193, 194, 212, 215, 220, 226, 243 Photograph collection, 160, 186, 191, 192, 193, 195, 196, 210, 220, 234, 239, 242 Dirks, Henry, 92, 99, 111 Dirks, Kathy, 2 Dirks, Moses, 164 Dushkin, George, 247 Dushkin, Lavera, 234, 235, 238 Dushkot Island, 218 Dutch Harbor, 109, 112, 113, 116, 120, 135, 136, 150, 202, 203, 205, 251, 257 World War II, 220, 222, 225-227, 230, 248, 249 Dyakanoff, Kathryn, 133 Dyakanoff, William [Bill], 205, 258 Elliott, Henry W., 5, 16, 74, 85, 88-90, 93, 142 English Bay [Samgan Udaa], 29, map 30, 31, 35, 41 epidemics, 59, 98, 99, 120 influenza (1919), 145, 146 influenza and measles (1900), 112 Ermeloff (family), 132, 182, 211 Ermeloff, Akenfa “Candy”, 185, 210, 211, 222, 226, 230, 242, 256 Ermeloff, Alex, 8, 19, 132, 137, 179, 185, 210, 211, 226, 235, 242, 258, 259, 260, 267, 268 return to Biorka, 254, 257 Ermeloff, Anesia [nèe Siftsoff], 132 Ermeloff, Irene [i.e., Irene Lukanin], 182, 210, 211, 241, 256 Ermeloff, Ruff, 132, 177, 182, 185, 210, 211, 219, 222, 235, 256, 257, 258, 260 Ermeloff, Sophia, 132, 182, 211, 218 Ermeloff, William, 236, 237 340 LOST VILLAGES OF THE EASTERN ALEUTIANS: BIORKA, KASHEGA, MAKUSHIN Finch, Durell, 202, 212 Foley, D.P., 117, 120-123 Fortress Rock, 154, 155 fox, 17, 72, 83, 98, 120, 122, 140, 144, 163, 176, 191 fox farming, 123, 136, 137, 165, 166, 183, 184, 192, 202, 219, 253 fox trapping, 23, 33, 97, 123, 135, 142, 157, 158, 178, 212, 222, 256 Fox Islands, 17, 20, 36, 41, 53, 59, fur seals, 46, 71-73, 81, 97, 102, 122, 143 food source, 21, 90, 91, 113, 142 pelagic sealing, 76, 96, 123 Galaktionoff (family), 127, 200, 215, 249 Galaktionoff, Akenfa [Arsim], 95, 167, 171, 172, 199, 201 Galaktionoff, Anna, 128 Galaktionoff, Arseni, 128 Galaktionoff, Frank, 165, 167, 168, 201 Galaktionoff, Gabriel, 129 Galaktionoff, Irene, 211 Galaktionoff, Ivan K., 128 Galaktionoff, Jenny, 217, 267, 268 Galaktionoff, Marina, 210, 215 Galaktionoff, Marva [nèe Petukoff], 8, 129 Galaktionoff, Molly, see Molly Lukanin Galaktionoff, Nicholai,8, 9, 13, 14, 19, 21, 31, 129, 132, 146, 164, 168, 199, 200, 202, 210, 212, 218, 225, 231, 241, 254, 258, 266 Biorka, 179, 211, 256, 257 Makushin, 78, 168, 172, 173 as oral informant, 8, 9, 269 pre-Russian accounts, 13-16, 21 Russian accounts, 16, 17 Galaktionoff, Parascovia [nèe Lekanoff; later Borenin], 128, 204, 205, 210, 212, 249 Galaktionoff, Peter, 210, 211, 212, 235, 258 Galaktionoff, Philip, 146, 167, 173, 201 Galaktionoff, Tikhon, 128, 129 Galanin, Moses, 200 gardens, 59, 112, 156, 158, 164, 171, 174 Gardner, George and Victoria, 156-157, 184, 193, 200, 213 Geeslin, Fred, 236 Glotov, Stepan, 17, 19, 20, 24 Golodoff, John, 258 Gordaoff, George, 188, 196, 210, 211, 229, 230, 237, 242, 250 Gordieff [Gordaoff], Alex, 146, 147, 153, 194 Gordieff, John, 268 Gordieff, Lazar, 81-83, 87, 89, 91, 92, 94, 95, 97, 100 Gordieff, Lucy [nèe Borenin], 146, 147, 153 Gordieff, Moses, 182, 211, 256, 260 Goss, Albert C., 137, 139, 141, 142, 145 Goss, Clara, 214 Greenbaum, Alfred, 74, 75, 86, 98, 100 General INDEX 341 Gromoff, Ishmael, 261 Gronholdt, Andrew, 221 Hapoff, Steven, 51 Harrington, Mark, 84 Harris, Arthur, 194, 195, 205 Healy, Michael A., 93, 94 Henderson, James and Carrye, 156, 156-158, 161, 188, 193 Holmes, Milton, 251 Hooper, C.L., 7, 98, 111 Hotovitsky, [Dimitri], 142-144, 180 Hrdlička, Aleš, 195, 205 Iliuliuk (see also Unalaska village), 4, 25, 39, 40, 43,