JUNE 2019 GENDER EQUALITY IN PRACTICE OF CHILD CLUBS, COMMUNITY BASED CHILD PROTECTION MECHANISMS AND PARENTS/CAREGIVERS GROUPS REPORT ROBIN MAUNEY, RACHAN SRUN INDEPENDENT CONSULTANTS Phnom Penh CONTENTS Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 5 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Country Context .................................................................................................................................. 9 1.2 Objectives of the Study ..................................................................................................................... 10 2. Methodology ............................................................................................................................................. 10 2.1 Research Questions ........................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Literature Review .............................................................................................................................. 11 2.3 Primary Data Collection ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.3.1 Sampling .................................................................................................................................... 11 2.3.2 Data Collection Methods ........................................................................................................... 11 2.4 Ethical Considerations ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.1 Child Participation ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.2 Consent ...................................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.3 Confidentiality ........................................................................................................................... 12 3. Limitations of the Study ............................................................................................................................ 12 4. Findings ...................................................................................................................................................... 13 4.1 Gender Analysis in Cambodian Context ............................................................................................ 13 4.2 General Gender Analysis for Child Protection Program .................................................................... 16 4.3 General Gender Analysis in the Child Clubs ...................................................................................... 17 4.3.1 Cultural and Social Norms / Barriers to Gender Equality in Child Club ..................................... 17 4.3.2 Gender and Participation of Girls and Boys in Child Clubs ........................................................ 20 4.3.3 Child Club Members and Gender in the Community ................................................................ 25 4.3.4 Good Practices for Promoting Gender Equality in Child Clubs .................................................. 29 4.4 Gender Analysis in Parent/Caregiver Groups .................................................................................... 30 4.4.1 Cultural and Social Norms / Barriers to Gender Equality in Parent/Caregiver Groups ............. 30 4.4.2 Participation of Men and Women in Parent/Caregiver Groups ................................................ 33 4.4.3 Good Practices for Promoting Gender Equality in Parent Caregiver Groups ............................ 36 4.5 Gender Analysis in Community Based Child Protection Mechanisms .............................................. 36 4.5.1 Cultural and Social Barriers of CBCPM to promote gender equality ......................................... 36 4.5.2 Participation of Men and Women in CBCPM ............................................................................ 37 4.5.3 Good Practices for Promoting Gender Equality ........................................................................ 37 5. Conclusions and Recommendations ......................................................................................................... 38 Annex 1: Terms of Reference ........................................................................................................................... 43 Annex 2: Data Collection Tools .......................................................................................................................... 54 1 Annex 3: List of Participants/Respondents ....................................................................................................... 64 Annex 4 Works Cited ......................................................................................................................................... 66 Figure 1: Women are responsible to take care of the family and household (n= 32 females and 13 males).. 17 Figure 2: Women are responsible to take care of the family and household (n=45) ....................................... 17 Figure 3: Men have primary responsibility for generating income for the family (n=45) ................................. 18 Figure 4: Men have primary responsibility for generating income for the family disaggregated by sex (n=32 female; 13 male) ................................................................................................................................................ 18 Figure 5: Men should have final say in most family decisions (n=45) ............................................................... 18 Figure 6: Men should have final say in most family decisions disaggregated by sex (n= 32 female; 13 male) 19 Figure 7: Roles in Child Clubs for Boys and Girls (n=45 32 girls; 13 boys) ......................................................... 20 Figure 8: % of Total Girls and Total Boys that have served in a leadership role (n=32 girls and 13 boys) ........ 20 Figure 9: % of Total Girls and Total Boys that attend Child Club meetings regularly (n=32 girls and 13 boys) 21 Figure 10: % of boys and girls that Represented the Child Club at a Community Meeting Where Could Raise Voice on Issues Identified by Child Club (n=32 girls and 13 boys) .................................................................... 21 Figure 11: % of Those that Represented the Child Club and Raised Up their Voices at the Provincial or Higher Level that are Boys or Girls (n=32 girls and 13 boys) ........................................................................................ 21 Figure 12: % of those that said Yes to My ideas was considered and responded at a commune, provincial or national meeting that are Boys or Girls (n=32 girls and 13 boys) ..................................................................... 22 Figure 13: I speak up at Child Club meetings when I have an idea (n=32 girls and 13 boys) ........................... 22 Figure 14: % of boys and % of girls I speak up at Child Club Meetings when I have an idea disaggregated by sex (N=32 girls and 13 Boys) .................................................................................................................................... 22 Figure 15: Girls and boys can both be leaders in our Child Club (n=45) ........................................................... 23 Figure 16: Girls and boys can be leaders in child clubs disaggregated by sex (n=32 girls and 13 boys) .......... 23 Figure 17: Girls and boys are both just as likely to be selected for participation in training (n=45) ................ 23 Figure 18: Girls and boys are both just as likely to be selected for participation in training disaggregated by sex (n=32 girls and 13 boys) .................................................................................................................................... 24 Figure 19: Girls can't participate in some activities because of safety concerns (n=45) .................................. 24 Figure 20: Girls can't participate in some activities because of safety concerns disaggregated by sex (n= 32 girls and 13 boys) ...................................................................................................................................................... 24 Figure 21: Boys have most of the responsibility for decision-making in our group (n=45) ............................. 25 Figure 22: Boys have most of the responsibility for decision-making in our group (Boys and Girls strongly Agree or Agree) (n=32 females and 13 males) ............................................................................................................ 25 Figure 23: I believe I can influence decisions in the community (outside my family (n=45) ............................ 25 Figure 24: I believe I can influence decisions in the community (outside my family) disaggregated by sex (n= 32 girls and 13 boys) .........................................................................................................................................